Abstract：
:Herpes zoster ("shingles") is usually a benign, self-limited disease. However, it can be debilitating or even fatal. The potentially serious complications of ocular involvement or postherpetic neuralgia and the confusing therapeutic regimens that are often advocated make this a complicated subject. Dissemination is more common in immunosuppressed and elderly febrile patients, and the complications are more serious. Herpes zoster patients may benefit from treatment with vidarabine, currently the only antiviral agent approved for use in this disease. Corticosteroids may be helpful in selected patients.
journal_name
Am Fam Physicianjournal_title
American family physicianauthors
Yardley DE,Schwartz RA,Adams HGsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1983-12-01 00:00:00pages
138-44issue
6eissn
0002-838Xissn
1532-0650journal_volume
28pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common inherited cause of kidney disease. Enlarging cysts within the kidneys are the clinical hallmark of the disease. Renal manifestations include varying degrees of kidney injury, urinary tract infections, kidney stones, and hematuria. Extrarenal manif...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Systemic causes of leg edema include idiopathic cyclic edema, heart failure, cirrhosis, nephrosis and other hypoproteinemic states. Lymphedema may be primary, or secondary to neoplasm, lymphangitis, retroperitoneal fibrosis and, rarely (in the U.S.), filariasis. Thrombophlebitis and chronic venous insufficiency are no...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Seizure patterns usually reflect known functions of the involved areas of the brain. The causes of epilepsy vary with the age at onset. For the purposes of determining drug therapy, seizures are divided into three groups. Focal and tonic-clonic seizures respond to one group of drugs, and absence seizures respond to an...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:New evaluation and management codes were created by the Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) Editorial Panel to ensure more accurate and consistent reporting of physician services. The new hospital inpatient codes describe three levels of service for both initial and subsequent care. Critical care services are reporte...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Major complications of cirrhosis include ascites, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, hepatic encephalopathy, portal hypertension, variceal bleeding, and hepatorenal syndrome. Diagnostic studies on ascitic fluid should include a differential leukocyte count, total protein level, a serum-ascites albumin gradient, and fl...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vertigo is the illusion of motion, usually rotational motion. As patients age, vertigo becomes an increasingly common presenting complaint. The most common causes of this condition are benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, acute vestibular neuronitis or labyrinthitis, Ménière's disease, migraine, and anxiety disorders...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2005-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Common superficial oral lesions include candidiasis, recurrent herpes labialis, recurrent aphthous stomatitis, erythema migrans, hairy tongue, and lichen planus. Recognition and diagnosis require taking a thorough history and performing a complete oral examination. Knowledge of clinical characteristics such as size, l...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2007-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Flexible sigmoidoscopy is a procedure that is commonly used by primary care physicians for the evaluation of rectal disorders and for colorectal screening. Retroflexion of the endoscope improves views of the anorectum and rectal vault, which increases the diagnostic yield of sigmoidoscopy. We report three cases of rec...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Neck pain is a common presenting symptom in the primary care setting and causes significant disability. The broad differential diagnosis requires an efficient but global assessment; therefore, emphasis is typically placed on red flags that can assist in the early recognition and treatment of more concerning diagnoses,...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hearing conservation programs have not kept pace with changes in the workplace and in the work force. Heavy industry and noisy factories have yielded to quiet computers and high technology. Chemicals, self-administered or prescribed, may replace noise as a chief source of hearing loss. The aging working population and...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An estimated 15% of children in the United States have at least one developmental delay, yet less than one-fifth of those children receive early intervention services before three years of age. Many barriers exist to implementing initial screening and referral, but screening tools can be easily incorporated into the w...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Frostbite can cause loss of life and limbs. Proper treatment and follow-up care are essential in reducing morbidity and mortality. Management of the frostbite patient consists of three stages. Initial care includes protection of the extremity from trauma or partial thawing. The second stage consists of rapid rewarming...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Upper extremity bursae are injured through a number of processes, including overuse, hemorrhage, crystal deposition, autoimmune diseases and infection. These injuries may be disabling and can pose significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges for the clinician. Treatment of the most common forms is directed at pai...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neuroleptic malignant syndrome may occur in patients taking neuroleptics and other psychotropic drugs. The syndrome is characterized by hyperthermia, muscular rigidity, altered consciousness and autonomic instability. Cerebrospinal fluid examination is normal. Treatment includes intensive supportive measures and the u...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gallstone disease is a major health problem in the United States and in most Western countries. During the past century, cholecystectomy has been the treatment of choice. Recently, new modalities of treatment have been developed, including oral dissolution therapy, extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy, percutaneous t...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Primary immunodeficiencies include a variety of disorders that render patients more susceptible to infections. If left untreated, these infections may be fatal. The disorders constitute a spectrum of more than 80 innate defects in the body's immune system. Primary immunodeficiencies generally are considered to be rela...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2003-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Nocturnal enuresis is a common problem that can be troubling for children and their families. Recent studies indicate that nocturnal enuresis is best regarded as a group of conditions with different etiologies. A genetic component is likely in many affected children. Research also indicates the possibility of two subt...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Injuries to the head and neck are common in sports. Sideline physicians must be attentive and prepared with an organized approach to detect and manage these injuries. Because head and neck injuries often occur simultaneously, the sideline physician can combine the head and neck evaluations. When assessing a conscious ...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2006-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Growth hormone from human pituitary glands has been available for 30 years. Because of the scarce supply and the danger of transmitting Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, use of the hormone was discontinued in 1984. Fortunately, synthetic growth hormone produced with recombinant DNA technology became available in 1985 and eli...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cat-scratch disease is a common infection that usually presents as tender lymphadenopathy. It should be included in the differential diagnosis of fever of unknown origin and any lymphadenopathy syndrome. Asymptomatic, bacteremic cats with Bartonella henselae in their saliva serve as vectors by biting and clawing the s...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2011-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Cardiac pacemakers are generally used in conditions where bradyarrhythmia is a major problem, such as advanced heart block, sick sinus syndrome and bundle branch block. Temporary or permanent pacing may be needed to control certain tachyarrhythmias refractory to medical therapy. Temporary pacing may be of value in the...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Premature rupture of the membranes is associated with considerable neonatal and maternal morbidity when it leads to premature birth. In most cases, this condition occurs at term, does not require medical intervention and has a benign course. Although few effective preventive measures are available, the family physicia...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hoarseness is the term often used by patients to describe changes in their voice quality. The causes of hoarseness are determined after obtaining a detailed medical history of the circumstances preceding the onset of hoarseness and performing a thorough physical examination. The latter may include visualization of the...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fulguration of polyps, rectal biopsy and the Barron method of removing hemorrhoids require no anesthesia. Anal fissures, warts, small fistulas and hemorrhoids can be removed with a minimal amount of anesthesia. Pilonidal cysts or abscesses can also be incised and drained in this manner. Extensive fistulas, unusually l...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1975-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Atrial fibrillation is a supraventricular arrhythmia that adversely affects cardiac function and increases the risk of stroke. It is the most common arrhythmia and a major source of morbidity and mortality; its prevalence increases with age. Pulse rate is sensitive, but not specific, for diagnosis, and suspected atria...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2016-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:A large number of drugs are introduced every year, and new interactions between medications are increasingly reported. Consequently, it is no longer practical for physicians to rely on memory alone to avoid potential drug interactions. Multiple drug regimens carry the risk of adverse interactions. Precipitant drugs mo...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2000-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Cigarette smoking causes significant morbidity and mortality in the United States. Physicians can use the five A's framework (ask, advise, assess, assist, arrange) to promote smoking cessation. All patients should be asked about tobacco use and assessed for motivation to quit at every clinical encounter. Physicians sh...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2012-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Osteopetrosis is a hereditary disorder in which pathologic alteration of osteoclast resorption of bone results in thickening of cortical and lamellar bone. Before bone marrow transplantation, the infantile recessive form was uniformly fatal within the first two decades of life as a result of invasion of the marrow spa...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The birth of a child with any developmental disability is an occasion of marked trauma to parents. Early, honest and frank counseling is imperative, and the family physician can play a unique role in this counseling process. When the physician is not knowledgeable in a paretcular case, he or she should seek expert hel...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1977-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As effective antipsychotic pharmacotherapy has become available, patients with schizophrenia are increasingly managed in an outpatient setting by primary care physicians. Pharmacotherapy is generally effective in treating "positive," or psychotic, symptoms and lessening the risks of relapse, but ineffective in improvi...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00
