Abstract:
:Although often used in the medical management of anxiety, insomnia, seizures and muscle spasm, benzodiazepines lead to significant complications after continuous use. These complications include tolerance, addiction, dependence and abuse. Knowledge of the diagnostic criteria and treatment of side effects improves the physician's use of these commonly prescribed drugs.
journal_name
Am Fam Physicianjournal_title
American family physicianauthors
Miller NS,Gold MSsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1989-10-01 00:00:00pages
175-83issue
4eissn
0002-838Xissn
1532-0650journal_volume
40pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Although amenorrhea may result from a number of different conditions, a systematic evaluation including a detailed history, physical examination, and laboratory assessment of selected serum hormone levels can usually identify the underlying cause. Primary amenorrhea, which by definition is failure to reach menarche, i...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Coxsackievirus B infection is common in children and young adults, usually causing mild symptoms in the gastrointestinal or upper respiratory tract. However, some patients develop pleurodynia, carditis or aseptic meningitis. This viral infection can be serious in the fetus and fatal in the newborn. Coxsackievirus B in...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although rare, invasive amebiasis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of rectal disease suggesting carcinoma. In the case reported, rectal ameboma was responsible for the patient's rectal pain, hematochezia and weight loss. ...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bone loss coincides with the reduced physical activity of both sexes in later years, vigorously aggravated by age-associated hormonal changes in women and chronic inadequate intake of calcium. In the absence of preventive dietary measures, osteoporosis may become a major health problem for America's fastgrowing senior...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1978-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Given that nearly one-half of pregnancies are unintended, preconception care should be considered an integral part of primary care for women of reproductive age. Common issues in preconception care include family planning, achieving a healthy body weight, screening and treatment for infectious diseases, updating appro...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2013-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Myocardial perfusion imaging with stress testing by exercise or pharmacologic methods and functional evaluation of the left ventricle are useful in many patients. Uses include determination of diagnosis and prognosis of patients with coronary artery disease, preoperative evaluation, management and risk stratification ...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tension-type headache typically causes pain that radiates in a band-like fashion bilaterally from the forehead to the occiput. Pain often radiates to the neck muscles and is described as tightness, pressure, or dull ache. Migraine-type features (unilateral, throbbing pain, nausea, photophobia) are not present All pati...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The differential diagnosis of eyelid erythema and edema is broad, ranging from benign, self-limiting dermatoses to malignant tumors and vision-threatening infections. A definitive diagnosis usually can be made on physical examination of the eyelid and a careful evaluation of symptoms and exposures. The finding of a sw...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2007-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Antidepressant drugs are now an important component of the analgesic pharmacopeia. Their ability to relieve pain is independent of the presence of clinical depression, and their efficacy has been documented in the treatment of migraine and tension headaches, neuropathic pain and chronic pain syndromes, including those...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1985-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The diagnosis of sleep apnea should be considered when a patient complains of snoring and excessive daytime somnolence. Middle-aged obese men are at particular risk, although apnea can occur in women and the elderly, as well as in persons who are not obese. An overnight polysomnographic sleep study can reveal the degr...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Primary immunodeficiencies include a variety of disorders that render patients more susceptible to infections. If left untreated, these infections may be fatal. The disorders constitute a spectrum of more than 80 innate defects in the body's immune system. Primary immunodeficiencies generally are considered to be rela...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2003-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy (T&A) is the most commonly performed surgical procedure in the U.S. Considerable controversy surrounds this operation because all previous studies have demonstrated experimental flaws that compromise the value of the findings. While an apparent immunologic deficit following T&A has been...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1977-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients with variceal or other gastrointestinal hemorrhage require aggressive resuscitative measures and early diagnosis for optimal therapy. A number of nonsurgical endoscopic modalities, such as laser therapy, sclerotherapy, heater probe and electrocoagulation (monopolar or bipolar), are available to arrest and som...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rational use of psychoactive drugs in frail elderly patients requires an understanding of the physiologic changes produced by aging and chronic disease. Other drugs being used and the patient's nutritional status and lifestyle also must be considered. Affective disorders and thought disorders may be effectively treate...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Atrial fibrillation is a supraventricular arrhythmia that adversely affects cardiac function and increases the risk of stroke. It is the most common arrhythmia and a major source of morbidity and mortality; its prevalence increases with age. Pulse rate is sensitive, but not specific, for diagnosis, and suspected atria...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2016-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::The peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) may be measured in the office or at home with an inexpensive, hand-held meter. Measurement of the PEFR provides a rapid, objective means of diagnosing and monitoring asthma. Use of the peak flow meter permits early detection of deteriorating function, allowing timely institution of...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1986-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Appendicitis is one of the most common causes of acute abdominal pain in adults and children, with a lifetime risk of 8.6% in males and 6.7% in females. It is the most common nonobstetric surgical emergency during pregnancy. Findings from the history, physical examination, and laboratory studies aid in the diagnosis o...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hematuria, symptomatic and incidental, that involves more than three red blood cells per high-power field on two of three properly collected urinalysis specimens warrants some type of imaging to evaluate the upper tracts. Traditionally, excretory urography or the intravenous pyelogram has been the mainstay of the hema...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Photosensitivity reactions associated with the use of prescription or over-the-counter drugs may be classified as phototoxic (caused by potentiation of solar energy by a drug) or photoallergic (in which the combination of a photosensitizing agent and light evokes a true cell-mediated hypersensitivity response). A case...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease of unknown cause affecting young and middle-aged adults. Patients commonly present with bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, pulmonary infiltrates, and ocular and skin lesions. The heart, liver,spleen, salivary glands, muscles,bones, kidneys, and central nervous system also ...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2004-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Cultures of the urine, throat and genitalia account for 90 percent of the cultures performed in an outpatient setting. The presence of a urinary tract infection, Group A beta-hemolytic streptococci or Neisseria gonorrhoeae can be ascertained easily, quickly, accurately and inexpensively in an office laboratory. Only a...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The family physician often provides the first and only medical intervention for fingertip injuries. Proper diagnosis and management of fingertip injuries are vital to maintaining proper function of the hand and preventing permanent disability. A subungual hematoma is a painful condition that involves bleeding beneath ...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2001-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::The primary therapy for anaphylaxis is epinephrine, which should be stocked in the office in the appropriate dilution (1:1,000). Antihistamines and corticosteroids are useful adjunctive agents that may be given in the office. Patients with progressive or severe symptoms should be transferred immediately to a facility ...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Myasthenia gravis is a disorder that most commonly affects young adults but occasionally appears in the elderly. Muscle weakness and easy fatigability, particularly of the ocular muscles, are characteristic. Diagnosis is confirmed by electromyography and the edrophonium (Tensilon) test. The pathology results from inab...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1978-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::To complement the 2005 Annual Clinical Focus on medical genomics, AFP is publishing a series of short reviews on genetic syndromes. This series was designed to increase awareness of these diseases so that family physicians can recognize and diagnose children with these disorders and understand the kind of care they mi...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nephrolithiasis is a rare but important condition in pregnant women. The most common presenting complaint is flank pain. Recurrent or persistent urinary tract infections may also be due to nephrolithiasis. Ultrasound is the first-line diagnostic study, but a limited intravenous pyelogram can be obtained when indicated...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two large kindreds manifesting the "cancer family syndrome" have been studied. Genetic and biologic studies reveal markers which have important implications for cancer detection, control and prevention. Valuable markers may be found in the major histocompatibility system, HL-A. The presence of carcinoembryonic antigen...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1975-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although falls are a common cause of injury in older persons, they are not just a normal part of the aging process. The American Geriatrics Society and British Geriatrics Society recommend that all adults older than 65 years be screened annually for a history of falls or balance impairment. An individualized risk asse...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Left ventricular hypertrophy is more common in hypertensive individuals than in normotensive persons. Its presence in hypertensive patients is associated with an increased incidence of ventricular arrhythmias, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, stroke and cardiovascular mortality. Echocardiography is mor...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Worry is a normal response to uncertainty. Education, empathetic support, reassurance, and passage of time usually ameliorate ordinary worries. However, these common-sense strategies for dealing with transient worries often prove ineffective for patients with excessive worry, many of whom meet the criteria for disorde...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2006-03-15 00:00:00