Abstract:
:Small amounts of phenolic compounds are being used as preservatives in pharmaceutical insulin preparations. It has been shown previously that these compounds bind to specific sites on the insulin hexamer and act as allosteric effectors, inducing a transformation of the T6 hexamer to the R6 hexamer, via a T3R3 intermediate. In this article, the crystal structures of eight different insulin derivatives, all in the phenol-containing R6 form, are analyzed with respect to their phenol-binding sites. While six phenol molecules are normally bound per insulin hexamer, one of the engineered insulins appears to contain only three phenols but yet exists in an R6 conformation. This observation provides additional evidence for an inherent nonequivalence of the two trimers in the insulin hexamer. The unusual observation of a seventh phenol molecule bound to the hexamer of crystalline A21Gly-B31,B32Arg2 insulin (HOE 901), a long-acting derivative currently undergoing phase III clinical trials, provides a partial explanation for its protracted activity.
journal_name
Biopolymersjournal_title
Biopolymersauthors
Berchtold H,Hilgenfeld Rdoi
10.1002/(SICI)1097-0282(1999)51:2<165::AID-BIP6>3.subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-01-01 00:00:00pages
165-72issue
2eissn
0006-3525issn
1097-0282pii
10.1002/(SICI)1097-0282(1999)51:2<165::AID-BIP6>3.journal_volume
51pub_type
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