Inosine and guanosine preserve neuronal and glial cell viability in mouse spinal cord cultures during chemical hypoxia.

abstract：:Choline supplementation of the maternal diet has long-term facilitative effects on spatial and temporal memory processes in the offspring. To further delineate the impact of early nutritional status on brain and behavior, we examined effects of prenatal-choline availability on hippocampal oscillatory frequency bands i...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Cheng RK,Williams CL,Meck WH

更新日期：2008-10-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Damage to the medial temporal lobe (MTL) and diencephalon results in impaired long-term memory, which relies on the binding of multiple, mostly contextual, features. Recent neuroimaging and patient studies have suggested that impairments may also be present in working memory after MTL or diencephalic damage. To examin...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Piekema C,Fernández G,Postma A,Hendriks MP,Wester AJ,Kessels RP

更新日期：2007-10-03 00:00:00

abstract：:We have examined, at the light microscope level, putative direct synaptic interconnections, via motor axon collaterals, between type-identified triceps surae alpha-motoneurons labeled by intracellular injection of HRP. The results indicate that monosynaptic recurrent contacts can occur between synergist motoneurons (i...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Cullheim S,Lipsenthal L,Burke RE

更新日期：1984-08-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Intraocular injections of ethylcholine mustard aziridinium ion (AF64A) in the rat depressed retinal choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity in a dose-dependent manner without any significant change in the content of amino acid neurotransmitters GABA, glycine, aspartate and glutamate. ChAT reduction was already detec...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Estrada C,Triguero D,Martin del Río R,Gomez Ramos P

更新日期：1988-01-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The physiological role of amyloid precursor protein (APP), whose anomalous metabolite is a putative pathogen for Alzheimer disease, remains unclear. From the enhanced responsiveness to glutamate in cultured hippocampal neurons after the introduction of cDNA of APP695 (an isoform of APP dominant in human brain) using a...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Tominaga-Yoshino K,Uetsuki T,Yoshikawa K,Ogura A

更新日期：2001-11-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Calretinin has been identified as a brain specific calcium-binding protein which appears as a prominent protein in the cochlear nucleus. We identified and localized calretinin in the guinea pig and rat inner ear using polyclonal antibodies. Immunoblot analyses of guinea pig and rat auditory nerve homogenates revealed ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Dechesne CJ,Winsky L,Kim HN,Goping G,Vu TD,Wenthold RJ,Jacobowitz DM

更新日期：1991-09-27 00:00:00

abstract：:During aging, estrogen production and circulating levels of estrogen are markedly decreased in females. Although several differences exist in the process of reproductive aging between women and female rats, the results of many studies suggest that the female rat, especially the middle-aged or aged ovariectomized femal...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Yamaguchi N,Yuri K

更新日期：2014-01-16 00:00:00

abstract：:We developed a new model of embolic cerebral ischemia in the rat which provides a reproducible and predictable infarct volume within the territory supplied by the middle cerebral artery (MCA). The MCA was occluded by an embolus in Wistar rats (n = 71). An additional three non-embolized rats were used as a control. Cer...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Zhang RL,Chopp M,Zhang ZG,Jiang Q,Ewing JR

更新日期：1997-08-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Tactile stimulation of the body surface elicited climbing fiber responses in 5% of the 839 Purkinje cells recorded in the caudal posterior vermis (lobules VII-IX) of cats anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital. The cells responsive to tactile stimulation were mainly encountered around the prepyramidal fissure between ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Brons J,Robertson LT,Tong G

更新日期：1990-06-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Prolonged exposure of opioid receptors to agonists leads to their regulation by the classical process of clathrin-dependent internalization, followed by their intracellular degradation (down regulation). We have previously shown that the opioid agonist etorphine induced an additional process of down regulation of mu-o...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Kaplan E,Binyaminy B,Gafni M,Keren O,Sarne Y

更新日期：2011-04-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The right wingbuds of stage 23-25 chick embryos were amputated at the future elbow region and a segment of 2-day neural tube was implanted longitudinally into the limb stump of experimental embryos to induce limb regeneration. Control embryos had no implant in the amputated limb stump. To analyze effects of the neural...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Sisken BF,Fowler I,Matson G,Thudium P,Barr E

更新日期：1985-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Phosphorylation of cyclic AMP response element binding protein (CREB) is one of the most important mechanisms controlling various gene transcriptions. In the present study, the phosphorylation of CREB was examined immunohistochemically at 24 h of recirculation following 1.5 h of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Tanaka K,Nagata E,Suzuki S,Dembo T,Nogawa S,Fukuuchi Y

更新日期：1999-02-13 00:00:00

abstract：:[d-Ala(2)-d-Leu(5)]-Enkephalin (DADLE) has shown promising results in protecting neurons from damages. However, the mechanism for this protection is still under investigation. The current study was carried out to test the hypothesis that DADLE may regulate cellular transcription in neurons. SH-SY5Y cells and primary c...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Tian J,Gu Y,Sun K,Wang B,Chen J,Wang X,Su D

更新日期：2014-05-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Analysis of rat hypothalamic extracts by gel filtration and HPLC revealed the presence of a form of substance P-like immunoreactivity with a molecular weight of approximately 5,700 (6k-SP). 6k-SP is probably an N-terminally extended form of substance P; the peptide may be an intermediate in SP biosynthesis, or may fun...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Harmar AJ,Armstrong A,Lee CM,Emson PC

更新日期：1984-12-10 00:00:00

abstract：:It is well known that locus coeruleus (LC) of the rat shows intense mu-opioid receptor-like immunoreactivity (MOR-LI). In the course of our study on the distribution of MOR-LI in the brain of the Japanese monkey (Macaca fuscata), however, no MOR-LI was found in the LC although the distribution pattern of MOR-LI in oth...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Chen J,Koyama N,Kaneko T,Mizuno N

更新日期：1997-05-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Instructions are an inextricable, yet poorly understood aspect of modern human life. In this paper we propose that instruction implementation and following can be understood as fast Hebbian learning in prefrontal cortex, which trains slower pathways (e.g., cortical-basal ganglia pathways). We present a computational m...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Ramamoorthy A,Verguts T

更新日期：2012-02-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Olfactory bulbectomy (OBX) transects the glutamatergic efferents from the olfactory bulbs, and the changes of glutamatergic N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-mediated function are though to be involved in the behavioral deficits seen in OBX rats. In the present study, irritability scores in OBX male Wistar rats wer...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Ho Y,Liu T,Tai M,Wen Z,Chow RS,Tsai Y,Wong C

更新日期：2001-05-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The link between the immunolocalization of apolipoproteins E (apo E) and J (apo J) and the different severity of beta-amyloid deposition in various areas of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Down's syndrome (DS) brain was analyzed. Both apolipoproteins were found in all types of senile plaques (SPs) in the cerebral cortex,...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Kida E,Choi-Miura NH,Wisniewski KE

更新日期：1995-07-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Adhesion molecules on the endothelial surface of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) play an important role in the pathogenesis of many encephalopathies, including multiple sclerosis (MS) and cerebral malaria (CM). The expression of four surface molecules of relevance to MS and CM on the immortalized human umbilical vein en...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Dobbie MS,Hurst RD,Klein NJ,Surtees RA

更新日期：1999-06-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The central nucleus of the amygdala (CEA) is selectively involved in the passive component of the behavioral (immobility) and the accompanying parasympathetic response during conditioned, stressful environmental challenges. Vasopressinergic mechanisms in the brain seem to play a role in these stress responses. The eff...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Roozendaal B,Wiersma A,Driscoll P,Koolhaas JM,Bohus B

更新日期：1992-11-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Using an immunoperoxidase technique, somatostatin-28-like immunoreactive (LIR) neurons were observed in the main and accessory olfactory bulb (MOB and AOB) of adult rats. In the MOB, a restricted population of periglomerular cells in the glomerular layer, some superficial short-axon cells in the juxtaglomerular layer,...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Takami S,el-Hawary MH,Graziadei PP

更新日期：1990-09-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Relative preservation of dopaminergic axons in patches and a subcallosal layer was observed in the dorsal, lateral and caudal striatum 4 weeks after intrastriatal injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), a neurotoxin selective for catecholaminergic neurons. Since calcium binding proteins are reported to provide neurop...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Tsuboi K,Kimber TA,Shults CW

更新日期：2000-06-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Quantitative morphological changes in the superior colliculus (SC) and the parabigeminal nucleus (PB) were studied in hereditary bilaterally microphthalmic rat, which lacks the optic nerve completely. Volumes of the retinorecipient superficial collicular layers of SC (SCS) to the central gray matter were decreased by ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Tokunaga A,Sugita S,Otani K,Terasawa K

更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Administration of either Tyr-D-Ala-Gly-MePhe-Gly(ol) (DAGO), a mu-opioid agonist, or nicotine into the VTA (A10) caused an increase in both dopamine (DA) and its metabolite levels in both the A10 region and DA nerve terminals in the nucleus accumbens of rats when assessed with dual probe brain dialysis. These findings...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Yoshida M,Yokoo H,Tanaka T,Mizoguchi K,Emoto H,Ishii H,Tanaka M

更新日期：1993-10-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Huntington׳s Disease (HD) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder caused by expanded polyglutamine repeats in the Huntingtin (HTT) gene. While the gene was identified over two decades ago, it remains poorly understood why mutant HTT (mtHTT) is initially toxic to striatal medium spiny neurons (MSNs). Models of HD using n...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Mattis VB,Svendsen CN

更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Primate spinal cord tissue sections were sequentially incubated in serotonin (5-HT), substance P (SP) and methionine-enkephalin antisera and reacted immunocytochemically. The findings indicate that virtually all SP-like immunoreactivity coexists with 5-HT in the ventral horn, while an additional group of 5-HT terminal...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Bowker RM

更新日期：1986-06-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Amyloid β-protein (Aβ) is the major component of extracellular plaques in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease. It has been suggested that the interaction of Aβ with membrane cholesterol is essential for Aβ to exert neurotoxicity; however, the effect of phospholipids, another major membrane lipid component,...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Ko M,Hattori T,Abdullah M,Gong JS,Yamane T,Michikawa M

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sex differences in estrogen-induced progestin receptors have been described in specific regions of the rat brain. To determine if alpha 1-neurotransmission plays a role in the expression of the sex differences in progestin receptor induction, the effects of the alpha 1-antagonist, prazosin, on progestin binding in mic...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Brown TJ,Naftolin F,MacLusky NJ

更新日期：1990-04-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Malignant stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (M-SHRSP) develop hypertension and stroke at earlier ages than do nonmalignant SHRSP. Our previous findings suggested that reactive oxygen species were involved in the development of stroke in this strain. Nitric oxide (NO) which is more released at ischemia, migh...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Tabuchi M,Umegaki K,Ito T,Suzuki M,Tomita I,Ikeda M,Tomita T

更新日期：2002-09-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of different ionic media on Ca2+ uptake and release in isolated brain microsomes were investigated. KCl (100 mM) provided the best medium for Ca2+ uptake in the presence of ATP. The effect of myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) on Ca2+ release was examined and was maximum at 0.2 microM. IP3-induced Ca2+...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Shah J,Cohen RS,Pant HC

更新日期：1987-09-01 00:00:00