Differential regulation of transcription: repression by unactivated mitogen-activated protein kinase Kss1 requires the Dig1 and Dig2 proteins.

abstract：:The Cdc6 protein is essential for the assembly of pre-replicative complexes (pre-RCs) at origins of DNA replication in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This reaction is blocked in vivo by the cyclin-dependent kinase Cdc28p, together with its regulatory subunits, the B type cyclins that are present throughou...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Donovan S,Harwood J,Drury LS,Diffley JF

更新日期：1997-05-27 00:00:00

abstract：:In response to insect attack, many plants exhibit dynamic biochemical changes, resulting in the induced production of direct and indirect defenses. Elicitors present in herbivore oral secretions are believed to positively regulate many inducible plant defenses; however, little is known about the specificity of elicito...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schmelz EA,Engelberth J,Alborn HT,Tumlinson JH 3rd,Teal PE

更新日期：2009-01-13 00:00:00

abstract：:A protein factor that participates in the formation of a covalent complex between the 80,000-dalton precursor of the adenovirus (Ad) terminal protein (pTP) and 5'-dCMP has been isolated and characterized. This 47,000-dalton protein, isolated from nuclear extracts of uninfected HeLa cells, has been designated nuclear f...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nagata K,Guggenheimer RA,Enomoto T,Lichy JH,Hurwitz J

更新日期：1982-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:p300 acetylates and activates the tumor suppressor p53 after DNA damage. Here, we show that MDM2, a negative-feedback regulator of p53, inhibited p300-mediated p53 acetylation by complexing with these two proteins. First, we purified a p300-MDM2-p53 protein complex from HeLa nuclear extracts, which was inactive in p53...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kobet E,Zeng X,Zhu Y,Keller D,Lu H

更新日期：2000-11-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The goldfish (Carassius auratus) visual pathway displays continuous growth and plasticity throughout life. Since homeobox genes are important transcriptional regulators in development, we searched for homeobox genes in the adult goldfish retina and brain. Using the PCR, we discovered a repertoire of homeobox sequences...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Levine EM,Schechter N

更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have identified a 10-kDa stress-inducible mitochondrial protein. The protein is synthesized at elevated rates in cultured rat hepatoma cells challenged with heat shock or amino acid analogues and, therefore, designated heat shock protein 10 (Hsp10). Hsp10 was purified to homogeneity from rat liver and found to exhi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hartman DJ,Hoogenraad NJ,Condron R,Høj PB

更新日期：1992-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The turnover rates of junctional acetylcholine receptors were measured in innervated and denervated mouse sternomastoid neuromuscular junctions by 125I-labeled alpha-bungarotoxin binding. First, we determined that the density of labeled toxin initially bound to the neuromuscular junction was essentially unchanged up t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Loring RH,Salpeter MM

更新日期：1980-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The membrane attack complex of complement is a fusion product of five complement proteins: C5b, C6, C7, C8, and C9. The complex causes complement-dependent cell membrane damage. It is assembled following complement activation both on the target cell surface and in the fluid phase. The isolated soluble complex, which h...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kolb WP,Müller-Eberhard HJ

更新日期：1975-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Membranes were purified from rat muscle by a differential centrifugation method that avoids the use of salt extraction or incubations at elevated temperature. Three populations of membrane-limited vesicles were defined having average densities of 1.112 (fraction I), 1.141 (fraction II), and 1.158 (fraction III) g/ml i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Barchi RL,Bonilla E,Wong M

更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenously encoded small noncoding RNAs, derived by processing of short RNA hairpins, that can inhibit the translation of mRNAs bearing partially complementary target sequences. In contrast, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), which are derived by processing of long double-stranded RNAs and are o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zeng Y,Yi R,Cullen BR

更新日期：2003-08-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory protein (G protein)-coupled receptor kinases (GRKs) constitute a family of serine/threonine kinases that play a major role in the agonist-induced phosphorylation and desensitization of G-protein-coupled receptors. Herein we describe the generation of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Oppermann M,Diversé-Pierluissi M,Drazner MH,Dyer SL,Freedman NJ,Peppel KC,Lefkowitz RJ

更新日期：1996-07-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Hydrocortisone at physiological concentrations reversibly inhibits DNA synthesis in ST1 cells (a line of mouse fibroblasts possessing 40 chromosomes and derived from Swiss 3T3 cells). This inhibitory activity is a property of glucocorticoids, but the beta-OH of C-11 of glucocorticoids is not essential for the inhibiti...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Armelin MC,Armelin HA

更新日期：1978-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Priming of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) by dendritic cells (DCs) is crucial for elimination of pathogens and malignant cells. To activate CTLs, DCs present antigenic peptide-complexed MHC class I molecules (MHC-I) that will be recognized by the CTLs with T cell receptors and CD8 molecules. Here we show that paired I...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Endo S,Sakamoto Y,Kobayashi E,Nakamura A,Takai T

更新日期：2008-09-23 00:00:00

abstract：:C1q, a member of the immune complement cascade, is implicated in the selective pruning of synapses by microglial phagocytosis. C1q-mediated synapse elimination has been shown to occur during brain development, while increased activation and complement-dependent synapse loss is observed in neurodegenerative diseases. H...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Györffy BA,Kun J,Török G,Bulyáki É,Borhegyi Z,Gulyássy P,Kis V,Szocsics P,Micsonai A,Matkó J,Drahos L,Juhász G,Kékesi KA,Kardos J

更新日期：2018-06-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The SRC gene is the prototype for a family of closely related genes whose products have protein-tyrosine kinase activity. We recently described another member of this family, designated FYN, whose cDNA was isolated from normal human fibroblasts. To examine the possible role of FYN as an oncogene, we investigated the e...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kawakami T,Kawakami Y,Aaronson SA,Robbins KC

更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A 1,942-base-pair DNA segment encoding the structural gene for diphtheria toxin was sequenced, and the primary structure of the toxin was deduced. Restriction enzyme fragments corresponding to nontoxic or hypotoxic peptides of the toxin were isolated from corynebacteriophage beta and cloned into Escherichia coli on pl...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Greenfield L,Bjorn MJ,Horn G,Fong D,Buck GA,Collier RJ,Kaplan DA

更新日期：1983-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Estrogen receptors (ERs) are believed to be ligand-activated transcription factors belonging to the nuclear receptor superfamily, which on ligand binding translocate into the nucleus and activate gene transcription. To date, two ERs have been identified: ERalpha and ERbeta. ERalpha plays major role in the estrogen-med...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yang SH,Liu R,Perez EJ,Wen Y,Stevens SM Jr,Valencia T,Brun-Zinkernagel AM,Prokai L,Will Y,Dykens J,Koulen P,Simpkins JW

更新日期：2004-03-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The remarkable fidelity of most DNA polymerases depends on a series of early steps in the reaction pathway which allow the selection of the correct nucleotide substrate, while excluding all incorrect ones, before the enzyme is committed to the chemical step of nucleotide incorporation. The conformational transitions t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Santoso Y,Joyce CM,Potapova O,Le Reste L,Hohlbein J,Torella JP,Grindley ND,Kapanidis AN

更新日期：2010-01-12 00:00:00

abstract：:A general theory of the structure of complexes of the transition metals is developed on the basis of the enneacovalence of the metals and the requirements of the electroneutrality principle. An extra orbital may be provided through the small but not negligible amount of f and g character of spd bond orbitals, and an e...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pauling L

更新日期：1977-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A highly purified fraction obtained from scrapie (263-K strain)-infected hamsters' brains by an alternative procedure without proteinase K treatment contained a protease-resistant form of the scrapie precursor protein (PrPSc) and infectivity of 9.9 +/- 0.7 log LD50/ml. Polyclonal antibodies produced against hamster sc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Safar J,Wang W,Padgett MP,Ceroni M,Piccardo P,Zopf D,Gajdusek DC,Gibbs CJ Jr

更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An ovarian cell line was developed that requires hormonal conditioning of the host for growth in vivo and that requires special factors for growth in vitro. It is necessary to prepare special culture media to demonstrate the effects of growth factors in vitro. To this end, methods were developed for removing from seru...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nishikawa K,Armelin HA,Sato G

更新日期：1975-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Paleocene/Eocene thermal maximum (PETM) and associated carbon isotope excursion (CIE) are often touted as the best geologic analog for the current anthropogenic rise in pCO2. However, a causal mechanism for the PETM CIE remains unidentified because of large uncertainties in the duration of the CIE's onset. Here, w...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wright JD,Schaller MF

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mycobacterium marinum, a natural pathogen of fish and frogs and an occasional pathogen of humans, is capable of inducing actin tail formation within the cytoplasm of macrophages, leading to actin-based motility and intercellular spread. Actin tail formation by M. marinum is markedly reduced in macrophages deficient in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Stamm LM,Pak MA,Morisaki JH,Snapper SB,Rottner K,Lommel S,Brown EJ

更新日期：2005-10-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The mitogen-activated kinase activating death domain protein (MADD) that is differentially expressed in neoplastic vs. normal cells (DENN) was identified as a substrate for c-Jun N-terminal kinase 3, the first demonstration of such an activity for this stress-activated kinase that is predominantly expressed in the bra...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhang Y,Zhou L,Miller CA

更新日期：1998-03-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Type beta transforming growth factor (TGF-beta) activity was found in conditioned medium harvested from fetal rat and neonatal mouse calvariae by using the anchorage-independent growth of normal rat kidney fibroblasts as an indicator system. Calvariae incubated with parathyroid hormone, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, and i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pfeilschifter J,Mundy GR

更新日期：1987-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are expressed on innate immune cells and trigger inflammation upon detection of pathogens and host tissue injury. TLR-mediated proinflammatory-signaling pathways are counteracted by partially characterized anti-inflammatory mechanisms that prevent exaggerated inflammation and host tissue dam...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhou J,Wu R,High AA,Slaughter CA,Finkelstein D,Rehg JE,Redecke V,Häcker H

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Magnetic interactions between dissolved oxygen and nitroxide radical spin probes lead to broadening of the ESR lines. We have used a closed-chamber method based on this property to determine the maximum rate of O2 uptake per cell (Vmax per cell) in cultured mammalian cells. A suitable spin probe and a cell suspension ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lai CS,Hopwood LE,Hyde JS,Lukiewicz S

更新日期：1982-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Combinatorial transcription codes generate the myriad of cell types during development and thus likely provide crucial insights into directed differentiation of stem cells to a specific cell type. The LIM complex composed of Isl1 and Lhx3 directs the specification of spinal motor neurons (MNs) in embryos. Here, we rep...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lee S,Cuvillier JM,Lee B,Shen R,Lee JW,Lee SK

更新日期：2012-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Actin purified from mouse fibroblasts by sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis was used as antigen to obtain an antibody in rabbits. The elicited antibody was shown to be specific for actin as judged by immunodiffusion and complement fixation against partially purified mouse fibroblast actin and highly purified c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lazarides E,Weber K

更新日期：1974-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Biodiversity responses to ongoing climate and atmospheric changes will affect both ecosystem processes and the delivery of ecosystem goods and services. Combined effects of co-occurring global changes on diversity, however, are poorly understood. We examined plant diversity responses in a California annual grassland t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zavaleta ES,Shaw MR,Chiariello NR,Mooney HA,Field CB

更新日期：2003-06-24 00:00:00