Abstract:
:The membrane attack complex of complement is a fusion product of five complement proteins: C5b, C6, C7, C8, and C9. The complex causes complement-dependent cell membrane damage. It is assembled following complement activation both on the target cell surface and in the fluid phase. The isolated soluble complex, which has a molecular weight of one million, exhibited reduced expression of the antigenic determinants of the native precursor proteins. Antisera produced to the intact complex contained antibodies to neoantigens which were not detectable on the five precursor proteins. Antisera were rendered neoantigen-specific by adsorption with fresh human serum. Since the adsorbed antisera precipitated the complex, the complex must contain multiple neoantigenic sites. The complex-specific antibodies not only reacted with the soluble complex, but also with the target cell-bound membrane attack complex.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Kolb WP,Müller-Eberhard HJdoi
10.1073/pnas.72.5.1687subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1975-05-01 00:00:00pages
1687-9issue
5eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
72pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The hepatic pigment accumulated in 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine-treated rats, which has been reported to inhibit ferrochelatase, has been isolated and purified. The pigment has been resolved into one major, one minor, and two trace components, all of which appear to be isomeric porphyrins. The major fract...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.78.3.1490
更新日期:1981-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In many human cancers, tumor-specific chromosomal rearrangements are known to create chimeric products with the ability to transform cells. The EWS/WT1 protein is such a fusion product, resulting from a t(11;22) chromosomal translocation in desmoplastic small round cell tumors, where 265 aa from the EWS amino terminus...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.25.14300
更新日期:1999-12-07 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanosensory hair cells of the inner ear are required for hearing and balance and have a distinctive apical structure, the hair bundle, that converts mechanical stimuli into electrical signals. This structure comprises a single cilium, the kinocilium, lying adjacent to an ensemble of actin-based projections know...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1719861115
更新日期:2018-08-14 00:00:00
abstract::Although the occurrence of epistasis and pleiotropy is widely accepted at the molecular level, its effect on the adaptive value of fitness-related genes is rarely investigated in plants. Knowledge of these features of a gene is critical to understand the molecular basis of adaptive evolution. Here we investigate the i...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0708209104
更新日期:2007-10-23 00:00:00
abstract::The mouse adipsin gene encodes a member of the serine protease family that is expressed predominantly in adipose tissue and is secreted into the bloodstream. Adipsin expression is sharply down-regulated in several models of genetic and acquired obesity, representing the first example of an adipocyte gene whose express...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.19.7490
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Peripheral nerve injury induces a robust proregenerative program that drives axon regeneration. While many regeneration-associated genes are known, the mechanisms by which injury activates them are less well-understood. To identify such mechanisms, we performed a loss-of-function pharmacological screen in cultured adu...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1805351115
更新日期:2018-10-16 00:00:00
abstract::Mutations induced by (+/-)trans-benzo-[a]pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide (BaP-diol epoxide-1) were selected by using a recombinant plasmid vector system designed for the study of transcription termination signals. The plasmid contains a transcription terminator positioned between a promotor signal and the Escheric...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.78.11.6817
更新日期:1981-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We present evidence that the JAK-STAT signal transduction pathway regulates multiple developmental processes in Drosophila. We screened for second-site mutations that suppress the phenotype of the hyperactive hopTum-1 Jak kinase, and recovered a mutation that meiotically maps to the known chromosomal position of D-Sta...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.93.12.5842
更新日期:1996-06-11 00:00:00
abstract::Sulfur assimilation is an evolutionarily conserved pathway that plays an essential role in cellular and metabolic processes, including sulfation, amino acid biosynthesis, and organismal development. We report that loss of a key enzymatic component of the pathway, bisphosphate 3'-nucleotidase (Bpnt1), in mice, both who...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1715302115
更新日期:2018-03-20 00:00:00
abstract::Caveolin, a 21- to 24-kDa integral membrane protein, is a principal component of caveolae membranes. Caveolin interacts directly with heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide binding proteins (G proteins) and can functionally regulate their activity. Here, an approximately 20-kDa caveolin-related protein, caveolin-2, was ide...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.93.1.131
更新日期:1996-01-09 00:00:00
abstract::We posit that feasible reversal of the growth of atmospheric CH(4) and other trace gases would provide a vital contribution toward averting dangerous anthropogenic interference with global climate. Such trace gas reductions may allow stabilization of atmospheric CO(2) at an achievable level of anthropogenic CO(2) emis...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0406982101
更新日期:2004-11-16 00:00:00
abstract::There is significant variation in the reported magnitude and even the sign of [Formula: see text] shifts in thin polymer films with nominally the same chemistry, film thickness, and supporting substrate. The implicit assumption is that methods used to estimate [Formula: see text] in bulk materials are relevant for inf...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1722024115
更新日期:2018-05-29 00:00:00
abstract::Cloned 3.18 kilobase fragments of Xenopus laevis DNA containing genes for tRNAMet1 and for at least one other 4S RNA species are transcribed rapidly after their injection into the nucleus of X. laevis oocytes. The newly synthesized RNA can be resolved by gel electrophoresis into a few predominant 4S RNA species and a ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.75.3.1176
更新日期:1978-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies of replicative and chronological lifespan in Saccharomyces cerevisiae have advanced understanding of longevity in all eukaryotes. Chronological lifespan in this species is defined as the age-dependent viability of nondividing cells. To date this parameter has only been estimated under calorie restriction, mimi...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1323918111
更新日期:2014-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::In Arabidopsis thaliana, biosynthesis of the essential thiol antioxidant, glutathione (GSH), is plastid-regulated, but many GSH functions, including heavy metal detoxification and plant defense activation, depend on cytosolic GSH. This finding suggests that plastid and cytosol thiol pools are closely integrated and we...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0913689107
更新日期:2010-02-02 00:00:00
abstract::Members of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily play essential roles in various aspects of embryonic development and physiological organ function. Among them, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 9 and BMP10 regulate embryonic vascular development by activating their endothelial receptor ALK1 (activin receptor-lik...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1207210109
更新日期:2012-07-24 00:00:00
abstract::Rett syndrome (RTT) is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by mutations in the gene encoding MeCP2. By binding to methylated CpG dinucleotide promoter regions, MeCP2 acts as a transcriptional repressor, predicting that its absence might result in widespread aberrant gene transcription, leading to the RTT phenotype. C...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0307083101
更新日期:2004-05-18 00:00:00
abstract::Interleukin (IL)-1beta is a pluripotent proinflammatory cytokine that signals through the type-I IL-1 receptor (IL-1RI), a member of the Toll-like receptor family. In hypothalamic neurons, binding of IL-1beta to IL-1RI mediates transcription-dependent changes that depend on the recruitment of the cytosolic adaptor pro...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0510802103
更新日期:2006-02-21 00:00:00
abstract::Neovascular diseases of the retina include age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy, and together they comprise the leading causes of adult-onset blindness in developed countries. Current surgical, pharmaceutical, and laser therapies for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) rarely result in improved...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.122247299
更新日期:2002-06-25 00:00:00
abstract::The self-adjoint algebra of operators generated by the semigroup of translation operators acting on the Hilbert space of functions supported on the half-line is studied. A real-valued index is introduced and is used to determine the spectrum of the Wiener-Hopf integral operators with distribution kernel having an almo...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.62.4.1010
更新日期:1969-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The benzo[a]pyrene 4,5-, 7,8-, and 9,10-oxides and the six corresponding phenols (4-, 5-, 7-, 8-, 9-, and 10-hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene) have been tested for mutagenic and cytotoxic activity in bacteria and in a mammalian cell culture system. Benzo[a]pyrene 4,5-oxide (K-region) was highly mutagenic in two histidine-depende...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.72.8.3176
更新日期:1975-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Zeolite and zeolite-like molecular sieves are being used in a large number of applications such as adsorption and catalysis. Achievement of the long-standing goal of creating a chiral, polycrystalline molecular sieve with bulk enantioenrichment would enable these materials to perform enantioselective functions. Here, ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1704638114
更新日期:2017-05-16 00:00:00
abstract::The local field at large distances from a charged or dipolar impurity in a nonpolar polarizable fluid is related to the dielectric constant of the medium. The predicted local field agrees accurately with molecular dynamics results. In contrast, the usual continuum theory prediction is only accurate to first order in t...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.77.1.49
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tumor necrosis factors (TNF) alpha and beta are structurally related cytokines that mediate a wide range of immunological, inflammatory, and cytotoxic effects. During bacterial infection of the bloodstream (sepsis), TNF-alpha induction by bacterial endotoxin is thought to be a major factor contributing to the cardiova...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.88.23.10535
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pain is a major health concern even though numerous analgesic agents are available. Side effects and lack of wide-spectrum efficacy of current drugs justify efforts to better understand pain mechanisms. Stabilization of natural epoxy-fatty acids (EFAs) through inhibition of the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) reduces ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1101073108
更新日期:2011-03-22 00:00:00
abstract::During the periimplantation period of pregnancy, pig blastocysts undergo morphological changes and differentiation requiring secretion and transport of nutrients (histotroph) into the uterine lumen. Of these nutrients, glucose is converted to fructose, an isomer of glucose, by conceptus trophectoderm. Although glucose...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1204298109
更新日期:2012-06-19 00:00:00
abstract::We present a model to explain how the neurosecretory system of aquatic mollusks generates their diversity of shell structures and pigmentation patterns. The anatomical and physiological basis of this model sets it apart from other models used to explain shape and pattern. The model reproduces most known shell shapes a...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0810311106
更新日期:2009-04-21 00:00:00
abstract::The gene for the RNA-dependent eIF-2 alpha protein kinase (PKR) was isolated from mouse genomic DNA and characterized. The mouse PKR gene contains 16 exons and spans about 28 kilobase pairs. Exon 1 is untranslated; the AUG translation initiation site is located early in the second exon. Exon 16 includes the UAG transl...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.17.7995
更新日期:1994-08-16 00:00:00
abstract::Neuronal dynamics display a complex spatiotemporal structure involving the precise, context-dependent coordination of activation patterns across a large number of spatially distributed regions. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has played a central role in demonstrating the nontrivial spatial and topologica...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1400181111
更新日期:2014-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Human activities increasingly take place in online environments, providing novel opportunities for relating individual behaviors to population-level outcomes. In this paper, we introduce a simple generative model for the collective behavior of millions of social networking site users who are deciding between different...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1313895111
更新日期:2014-07-22 00:00:00