Abstract：
:Organotypic cultures of the brain provide a unique opportunity to directly examine the regional vulnerability of specific brain regions like the hippocampus. Two well-characterized models of oxidative stress were used to examine the regional vulnerability of the hippocampus. Endogenous oxidative stress was induced by blocking synthesis of the endogenous antioxidant, glutathione with buthionine sulfoximine (BSO). Exogenous oxidative stress was induced with paraquat, an intracellular generator of superoxide. Injury was measured by quantitative fluorescence microscopy using the vital dye propidium iodide. BSO caused dose- and time-dependent injury that took at more than 24 h to develop. Injury began in discrete patches in the culture. In any given culture, each patch increased in size and intensity as incubation continued. The pattern was not clearly correlated with neuronal anatomy and may demonstrate glial vulnerability. Injury caused by BSO could be prevented with the antioxidants trolox or the 21-aminosteroid U-83836E, both of which are vitamin E derivatives. Paraquat also caused dose- and time-dependent injury, but the CA1 region of the hippocampus was most vulnerable. The same pattern of selective CA1 injury was caused by brief exposures to high concentrations and by prolonged exposures to much lower concentrations. Under some conditions, paraquat injury was prevented by iron chelation with deferoxamine or by blockade of either NMDA or AMPA/ kainate glutamate receptors. During paraquat exposure, glutathione concentration in the cultures was reduced prior to onset of propidium staining. The observation that the hippocampus has a similar selective regional pattern of vulnerability to paraquat and ischemia suggests that their mechanisms of injury may be related.
journal_name
Exp Neuroljournal_title
Experimental neurologyauthors
Vornov JJ,Park J,Thomas AGdoi
10.1006/exnr.1997.6673subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-01-01 00:00:00pages
109-22issue
1eissn
0014-4886issn
1090-2430pii
S0014-4886(97)96673-5journal_volume
149pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Fatigue indices and succinic dehydrogenase (SDH) activities were determined in the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and soleus muscles of the hind limb and the extensor carpi radialis longus of the forelimb in control and dystrophic mice aged 4 to 26 weeks. A good correlation was found between SDH activities and fatigu...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(85)90226-2
更新日期：1985-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the present study, we investigated whether cultured astrocytes derived from adult neural precursor cells (NPCs) obtained from the subventricular zone (SVZ) of wobbler mice display metabolic traits of the wobbler astrocytes in situ and in primary culture. We also utilized NPC-derived astrocytes as a tool to investig...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2010.06.008
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs), extracellular matrix molecules that increase dramatically following a variety of CNS injuries or diseases, have long been known for their potent capacity to curtail cell migrations as well as axon regeneration and sprouting. The inhibition can be conferred through binding to ...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113276
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The possible pain inhibitory effects of periaqueductal gray (PAG) stimulation were investigated in cats anesthetized with Nembutal and immobilized with Flaxedil. Unitary responses evoked by electrical stimulation of the upper canine dentine and by cutaneous facial noxious and nonnoxious stimuli were recorded extracell...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(83)90155-3
更新日期：1983-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Adult mammalian retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) can regenerate through peripheral nerve (PN) grafts and innervate central nervous system (CNS) targets. Previous studies have demonstrated a basic level of differentiation of such projections. To further assess the specificity and functionality of regenerated CNS connectio...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exnr.1997.6495
更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Interactions between neurotrophic factors and neurotransmitters participate in the formation and maintenance of appropriate connections, as well as in neurodegenerative processes. Here we have measured changes in the developmental expression pattern of BDNF and NT-3 in the striatum, cortex, and substantia nigra induce...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exnr.2000.7451
更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rapidly progressing neurodegenerative disease in which the majority of upper and lower motor neurons are degenerated. Despite intensive efforts to identify drug targets and develop neuroprotective strategies, effective therapeutics for ALS remains unavailable. The identificatio...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2015.03.004
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Paired-pulse potentiation was studied in the CA1 region of rats exposed prenatally to alcohol. Pregnant rats were fed a liquid diet containing 35% ethanol-derived calories on days 3 to 21 of gestation. Control animals were fed liquid diets without ethanol. When the pups of both groups were 40 to 60 days old, hippocamp...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(86)90203-7
更新日期：1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Alzheimer's disease-related peptide beta(1-40) amyloid self-associates to form fibrils exhibiting a morphology characteristic of amyloidogenic proteins. The mechanism of this fibrillization process has yet to be fully elucidated. In this study we have immobilized the beta(1-40) amyloid to flat gold surfaces using ...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exnr.1999.7114
更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The roles of activated NF-kappaB subunits in the CNS remain to be discerned. Members of this family of transcription factors are essential to diverse physiological processes and can be activated by pathogens, stress, pharmacological agents, and trauma. We are particularly interested in long-term NF-kappaB activation a...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exnr.2002.7967
更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 168-nucleotide exon, found in alternatively spliced amyloid precursor protein (APP) mRNAs, encodes a Kunitz protease inhibitor (KPI) domain. Kainic acid (ip) caused a selective increase of KPI mRNA in rat hippocampus. By in situ hybridization, KPI mRNA was induced in the neuronal layers of the hippocampus 11-12 h af...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(92)90191-r
更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ability to differentiate neural stem cells (NSCs) into dopamine neurons is fundamental to their role in cell replacement therapies for neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease. We show here that when a clonal line (C17.2) of undifferentiated NSCs is transplanted into the intact or 6-hydroxydopamine-...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exnr.2002.7989
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neural progenitor cells (NPCs) grafted to sites of spinal cord injury (SCI) extend numerous axons over long distances and form new synaptic connections with host neurons. In the present study we examined the myelination of axons emerging from NPC grafts. Rat embryonic day 14 (E14) multipotent NPCs constitutively expre...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.07.005
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is widely accepted that the immune system plays important functional roles in regeneration after injury to the spinal cord. Immune response towards injury involves a complex interplay of immune system cells, such as neutrophils, macrophages and microglia, T- and B-lymphocytes. We investigated the influence of the l...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2012.07.016
更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The psychopathological impact of emotional stress on a specific individual varies markedly: while most escape the development of post-traumatic stress disorder and/or major depression, a select group of individuals demonstrate a vulnerability to succumb to these conditions. The past decade has witnessed an explosion i...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2014.05.012
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Parkinson's Disease (PD) is the most common neurodegenerative movement disorder. Autosomal-recessive mutations in the mitochondrial protein kinase PINK1 (PTEN-induced kinase 1) account for 1-2% of the hereditary early-onset cases. To study the mechanisms underlying disease development, we generated Pink1-deficient mic...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2012.01.002
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The members of the tenascin family are involved in a number of developmental processes, mainly by their ability to regulate cell adhesion. We have here studied the distribution of mRNAs for tenascin-X, -C, and -R and the closely related molecule tenascin/J1 in the olfactory system and spinal cord. The olfactory bulb a...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exnr.2000.7543
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inherited neurological diseases in animals are of interest to a wide range of scientific disciplines, particularly because such animals may be suited as genetic animal models for respective human disorders. Because the pig has a number of anatomic and physiologic features similar to those of human beings, this species...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exnr.1995.1050
更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Methylmalonic acidemia is an inherited metabolic disorder that leads to brain damage associated to the accumulation of methylmalonic acid (MMA) and impairment of energy metabolism. We demonstrate here that treatment with diazoxide, an agonist of mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K(+) channels (mitoK(ATP)), can prevent death...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2006.04.004
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A host protein encoded by the gene specifying the scrapie amyloid precursor affects pathogenesis of the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies: Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker's syndrome (GSS), and kuru in man, and scrapie in animals. We found a mutation in this gene of two patients ...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(89)90095-2
更新日期：1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:AMPA receptors (AMPARs) are responsible for fast excitatory neurotransmission, and their prolonged activation can result in the generation and spread of epileptic seizures. At early stages of postnatal development, the majority of AMPARs are permeable to both Na(+) and Ca(2+) ions. This permeability, which increases n...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.05.039
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Estimates were made of the changing volumes of discharge arising from the total populations of Ia and II spindle afferent fibers in the cat's deefferented medial gastrocnemius as the muscle was extended stepwise over its excursion range. The estimates were based on values reported elsewhere for (i) the incidence of ac...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(83)90017-1
更新日期：1983-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tamoxifen-induced mutagenesis via the so-called CreER(T2) fusion enzyme is a key technology for the inducible gene knockout in the adult murine brain. However, it requires a subchronic transient treatment with high doses of the non-selective estrogen receptor antagonist tamoxifen. It has been shown earlier that acute ...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2007.12.012
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent evidence suggests interactions between primary afferent nociceptors and postganglionic sympathetic efferents in the pathogenesis of inflammation. The effect of unilateral removal of the superior cervical ganglion on the innervation pattern of nerve fibers immunoreactive (IR) to calcitonin gene-related peptide (...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/exnr.2001.7642
更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The response of the developing brain to traumatic injury is different from the response of the mature, adult brain. There are critical developmental trajectories in the young brain, whereby injury can lead to long term functional abnormalities. Emerging preclinical and clinical literature supports the presence of sign...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.02.016
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We used [2-14C]deoxyglucose as a marker of increased metabolism of the hypoglossal nucleus after transection of its nerve. We studied this metabolism in 3-, 12-, and 24-month-old rats. We found an increase in glucose uptake in the control nucleus of 24-month-old rats which was significant when compared to that of 3-mo...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(90)90012-h
更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated whether administration of neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) and NMDA-2D-expressing units, found previously to enhance transmission in neonatal rat spinal cord, strengthens synaptic connections in the injured neonatal cord. We employed electrophysiological methods to evaluate the strength of synaptic transmission t...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2005.10.008
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Adaptive responses in glutamate and opioid receptor systems in limbic circuits are emerging as a critical component of the neural plasticity induced by chronic use of abused substances. The present commentary reviews findings from neuroanatomical studies, with superior spatial resolution, that support a cellular basis...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.expneurol.2011.03.016
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Genetically dystrophic chicks (line 413) were administered 0.3 mg/kg dexamethasone (DEX), a corticosteroid, from 2 to 28 days ex ovo. Diluent-injected dystrophic and normal (line 412) chicks served as controls. The effects of DEX on muscle function were evaluated weekly by the exhaustion score (ES) method. Proton magn...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(88)90096-9
更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rat cortical explants were cultured in the presence or absence of the mitotic inhibitor cytosine arabinoside to determine whether or not it affects the composition of the nonneuronal cell population within the outgrowth zone. Ultrastructural morphometric analysis of the incidence of fibroblasts, fibrous astrocytes, an...
journal_title：Experimental neurology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4886(86)90092-0
更新日期：1986-05-01 00:00:00
