Abstract:
:The response of the developing brain to traumatic injury is different from the response of the mature, adult brain. There are critical developmental trajectories in the young brain, whereby injury can lead to long term functional abnormalities. Emerging preclinical and clinical literature supports the presence of significant sex differences in both the response to and the recovery from pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI). These sex differences are seen at all pediatric ages, including neonates/infants, pre-pubertal children, and adolescents. As importantly, the response to neuroprotective therapies or treatments can differ between male and females subjects. These sex differences can result from several biologic origins, and may manifest differently during the various phases of brain and body development. Recognizing and understanding these potential sex differences is crucial, and should be considered in both preclinical and clinical studies of pediatric TBI.
journal_name
Exp Neuroljournal_title
Experimental neurologyauthors
Arambula SE,Reinl EL,El Demerdash N,McCarthy MM,Robertson CLdoi
10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.02.016subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-07-01 00:00:00pages
168-179eissn
0014-4886issn
1090-2430pii
S0014-4886(19)30037-8journal_volume
317pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Estrogens and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors regulate multiple aspects of morphological and functional plasticity in young animals. For example, estrogens increase spine density in the hippocampus, and NMDA antagonists block these effects. Few studies have examined the effects of age, postovariectomy interval, ...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.2001.7716
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Estrogen has been suggested to be pro-epileptic by reducing GABA synthesis, resulting in increased spine density and a decreased threshold for seizures in the hippocampus, which, once they occur, are characterized by a dramatic spine loss in the affected brain areas. As considerable amounts of estradiol are synthesize...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2006.07.020
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study of medial gastrocnemius (MG) muscle and motor units (MUs) after spinal cord hemisection and deafferentation (HSDA) in adult cats, asked 1) whether the absence of muscle atrophy and unaltered contractile speed demonstrated previously in HSDA-paralyzed peroneus longus (PerL) muscles, was apparent in the unloa...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113201
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Paired corticospinal-motoneuronal stimulation (PCMS) elicits spinal synaptic plasticity in humans with chronic incomplete cervical spinal cord injury (SCI). Here, we examined whether PCMS-induced plasticity could be potentiated by acute intermittent hypoxia (AIH), a treatment also known to induce spinal synaptic plast...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113483
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pompe disease is an inherited disorder due to a mutation in the gene that encodes acid α-glucosidase (GAA). Children with infantile-onset Pompe disease develop progressive hypotonic weakness and cardiopulmonary insufficiency that may eventually require mechanical ventilation (MV). Our team conducted a first in human t...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.07.013
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously demonstrated that systemic administration of testosterone propionate (TP) to adult hamsters accelerates the rate of facial nerve regeneration following crush axotomy of the facial nerve at its exit from the stylomastoid foramen. In this study, we utilized flutamide, a potent nonsteroidal antiandroge...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.1995.1016
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aminergic and cholinergic fibers innervating the hippocampus reach their target regions via the dorsal (dorsal fornix, fimbria, and cingulum) and ventral routes. The plasticity of this innervation after lesions of the dorsal pathway was investigated in the septal, medial, and temporal regions of the adult rat hipp...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4886(87)90053-7
更新日期:1987-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The receptiveness of the brain to monocyte infiltration was studied in rats that had been injected intracerebrally with Corynebacterium parvum. At 0-17 days after intracerebral injection and 18 h after intravenous injection of diI-labeled isogenous mononuclear cells, host rats were sacrificed and cells from the vicini...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.1997.6748
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Copyright ...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.1998.6843
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) has neuroprotective effects against ischemia, even when given by intravenous (iv) administration 24 h after stroke. Transport of PACAP across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) by peptide transport system (PTS)-6 underlies its effectiveness after iv administration....
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2004.09.013
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spinal ischemia is a frequent cause of paralysis. Here we explore the biological basis of ischemic preconditioning (IPC), the phenomenon in which a brief period of ischemia can confer protection against subsequent longer and normally injurious ischemia, to identify mediators of endogenous neuroprotection. Using microa...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2003.09.007
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to characterize the microglial and astroglial reactions to degeneration of (a) hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells and dentate hilar neurons induced by cerebral ischemia and (b) CA3 pyramidal cells and dentate hilar neurons induced by intraventricular injections of kainic acid (KA). The microglia...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.1993.1041
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We demonstrated previously that the hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus (SON) undergoes a robust axonal sprouting response following unilateral transection of the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial tract. Concomitant with this response is an increase in ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) and CNTF receptor alpha (CNTFRα) express...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2011.10.009
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cats were kindled in the amygdala. After completion of kindling, their EEG was monitored almost continuously by a computer system which allowed the detection of spontaneous seizures and the quantification of interictal spikes. The relationships between seizures triggered by stimulation, spontaneous seizures, and inter...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4886(84)90223-1
更新日期:1984-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::delta-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA), a toxic precursor of porphyrin, when injected i.v. failed to enter most brain structures, such as the cortex, thalamus, midbrain, and others, as determined by the autoradiographic technique. However, the choroid plexus, median eminence, and a narrow strip of the periventricular zone, w...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4886(83)90234-0
更新日期:1983-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although transgenic expression of oncogenes typically leads to tumorigenesis, oncogene expression directed to the rod photoreceptors leads to cell death without tumor formation. To evaluate the cellular and functional changes induced in cone photoreceptors by an oncogene, the Mas1 protooncogene was targeted to the con...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.2000.7370
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dopaminergic (DAergic) hypofunction in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) has been implicated in the negative and cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia and is regulated by serotonergic (5-HTergic) neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN). The lateral habenula (LHb) is a key element in controlling DRN 5-HT neurons. We ...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.05.005
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Muscle disuse-induced changes in the cholinergic system of sciatic nerve, slow-twitch soleus (SOL), and fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles were studied in rats. Rats with hind limbs suspended for 2 to 3 weeks showed marked elevation in the activity of choline acetyltransferase in sciatic nerve (38%), ...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4886(85)90012-3
更新日期:1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Among the comorbidities observed in epilepsy patients depression is the most frequent one. Likewise, depression by itself is accompanied by an increased risk to develop epilepsy. Both epilepsy and depression are characterized by a high incidence of pharmacoresistance, which might be based on overactivity of multidrug ...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2014.09.004
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::beta-N-methylamino-l-alanine (BMAA) is a non-protein amino acid implicated in the neurodegenerative disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/Parkinson-dementia complex (ALS/PDC) on Guam. BMAA has recently been discovered in the brains of Alzheimer's patients in Canada and is produced by various species of cyanobacteria a...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2009.04.002
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The members of the tenascin family are involved in a number of developmental processes, mainly by their ability to regulate cell adhesion. We have here studied the distribution of mRNAs for tenascin-X, -C, and -R and the closely related molecule tenascin/J1 in the olfactory system and spinal cord. The olfactory bulb a...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.2000.7543
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methylmalonic acidemia is an inherited metabolic disorder that leads to brain damage associated to the accumulation of methylmalonic acid (MMA) and impairment of energy metabolism. We demonstrate here that treatment with diazoxide, an agonist of mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K(+) channels (mitoK(ATP)), can prevent death...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2006.04.004
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cordotomy-denervation interactions were studied on contractile and myofibrillar properties of slow (soleus) and fast (extensor digitorum longus) muscles of the rat. The spinal cord was transected midthoracically in neonatal (2-day-old) animals. Two months after birth, a unilateral transection of the sciatic nerve was ...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4886(88)90214-2
更新日期:1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study evaluates the temporal relationships between increases in glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) mRNA, GFA protein levels, and GFAP immunostaining in the hippocampus of adult rats following unilateral lesions of the entorhinal cortex (EC). GFAP mRNA levels were assessed at 12 h, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.1993.1187
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infant rats were subjected to pentylenetetrazol-induced convulsions on alternate days from 5 to 13 days of age. At 17 days of age, their susceptibility to the convulsant effects of hyperthermia was examined. It was found that previous pentylenetetrazol-induced convulsions caused a significant facilitation in the devel...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4886(83)90398-9
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cells dissociated from 6-day rat cerebellum were seeded on glass coverslips coated with polylysine on one half and hyaluronectin on the other. Cell attachment and neurite extension were drastically reduced on hyaluronectin-coated surfaces. ...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4886(88)90218-x
更新日期:1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pericytes are a major component of cerebrovasculature playing a key role in maintaining cerebrovascular homeostasis. These cells have also been suggested to regulate brain metabolism of amyloid-β (Aβ), disturbances of which are believed to contribute to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). To examine the effe...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.10.023
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exposing rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons to dibutyryl cAMP (db-cAMP) enables central branches to regenerate in the spinal cord by nullifying the ability of CNS myelin to inhibit elongation. A conditioning lesion (CL) promotes similar regeneration of central branches in the spinal cord by increasing neuronal cAM...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2004.03.010
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was performed to investigate the physicological properties of histaminergic neurons in intraocular hypothalamic transplants. Pieces of posterolateral hypothalamus containing the tuberomammillary nucleus were dissected from Embryonic Day 17 rat fetuses and transplanted into the anterior chamber of the eye of...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.1995.1079
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Myelin accelerates action potential conduction velocity and provides essential energy support for axons. Unfortunately, myelin and myelinating cells are often vulnerable to injury or disease, resulting in myelin damage, which in turn can lead to axon dysfunction, overt pathology and neurological impairment. Inflammati...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.05.001
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00