Abstract:
:Estrogen has been suggested to be pro-epileptic by reducing GABA synthesis, resulting in increased spine density and a decreased threshold for seizures in the hippocampus, which, once they occur, are characterized by a dramatic spine loss in the affected brain areas. As considerable amounts of estradiol are synthesized in the hippocampus, in this study we focused on aromatase, the rate-limiting enzyme in estrogen synthesis in order to examine the role of locally synthesized estrogens in epilepsy. To this end, we first examined the effects of letrozole, a potent aromatase inhibitor, on GABA metabolism in single interneurons of hippocampal dispersion cultures. Letrozole downregulated estradiol release into the medium, as well as glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) expression and GABA synthesis, and decreased the number of GAD positive cells in the cultures. Next, we counted spine synapses and measured estradiol release of hippocampal slice cultures, in which GABA(A) receptors had been blocked by bicuculline, in order to mimic epileptic activity. Treatment of slice cultures with bicuculline resulted in a dramatic decrease in the number of spine synapses and in a significant suppression of estrogen synthesis. The decrease in synapse number in response to bicuculline was restored by combined application of estradiol and bicuculline. Surprisingly, estradiol alone had no effect on either spine synapse number or on GAD expression and GABA synthesis. "Rescue" of synapse number in "epileptic slices" by estradiol and maintenance of GABA metabolism by hippocampus-derived estradiol points to a neuroprotective role of aromatase in epilepsy. Re-filling of estradiol stores after their depletion due to overexcitation may therefore add to therapeutical strategies in epilepsy.
journal_name
Exp Neuroljournal_title
Experimental neurologyauthors
Zhou L,Lehan N,Wehrenberg U,Disteldorf E,von Lossow R,Mares U,Jarry H,Rune GMdoi
10.1016/j.expneurol.2006.07.020subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-01-01 00:00:00pages
72-81issue
1eissn
0014-4886issn
1090-2430pii
S0014-4886(06)00439-0journal_volume
203pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Laser Doppler flowmetry was utilized to examine blood flow in sciatic nerves of barbiturate-anesthetized and of unanesthetized decerebrate rats, in response to hypotension induced by graded exsanguination or by graded clamping of the descending aorta. Continuous laser Doppler flowmetry signals decreased linearly with ...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4886(85)90047-0
更新日期:1985-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::GABAergic dysfunction is implicated in hippocampal deficits of the Ts65Dn mouse model of Down syndrome (DS). Since Ts65Dn mice overexpress G-protein coupled inward-rectifying potassium (GIRK2) containing channels, we sought to evaluate whether increased GABAergic function disrupts the functioning of hippocampal circui...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2011.11.033
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Synaptic reorganization of mossy fibers following kainic acid (KA) administration has been reported to contribute to the formation of recurrent excitatory circuits, resulting in an epileptogenic state. It is unclear, however, whether KA-induced mossy fiber sprouting results from neuronal cell loss or the seizure activ...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.1999.7251
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Based on their differentiation ability, bone marrow stromal cells (MSCs) are a good source for cell therapy. Using a cynomolgus monkey peripheral nervous system injury model, we examined the safety and efficacy of Schwann cells induced from MSCs as a source for auto-cell transplantation therapy in nerve injury. Serial...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2010.01.022
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Copyright ...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.1998.6843
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::An increasing body of research suggests that a number of immune mechanisms play a role in degenerative pathways in Parkinson's disease (PD). In the current work we investigated a posited humoral immune response in this disorder. Sera from PD patients exhibited a significantly enhanced absorbance response on a novel EL...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2009.03.002
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Peripheral nerve crush injury (PNCI) has been used for many years in adult animals to study central and peripheral changes related to regeneration across the injury site. While these adult animals experience full recovery with no neuronal cell loss following PNCI, it has been noted that the injury in perinatal animals...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.1999.7014
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ectopic discharges observed in uninjured dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons following various lesions of spinal nerves have been attributed to functional alterations of voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs). Such mechanisms may be important for the development of neuropathic pain. However, the pathophysiology unde...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2010.11.017
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::With the consideration of the multifactorial etiology of diabetic peripheral neuropathy, an ideal drug or drug combination should target at least several key pathogenetic mechanisms. The flavonoid baicalein (5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone) has been reported to counteract sorbitol accumulation, activation of 12/15-lipoxygenas...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2011.04.002
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Activation of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in the spinal dorsal horn has been shown to be essential for the initiation of central sensitization and the hyperexcitability of dorsal horn neurons in chronic pain. However, whether the spinal NR2B-containing NMDA (NMDA-2B) receptors are involved still remains larg...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2008.10.018
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Activation of the visual system with a moving black and white geometric pattern resulted in dense patches or columns of 2-deoxyglucose label in primate extrastriate visual cortex. The three-dimensional reconstruction of these metabolic columns showed that they were arranged in irregularly shaped slabs which extended i...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4886(84)90148-1
更新日期:1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cascade of events leading to post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE) after traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains unclear. Altered inhibition in the hippocampal formation and dentate gyrus is a hallmark of several neurological disorders, including TBI and PTE. Inhibitory synaptic signaling in the hippocampus is predominately ...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.03.022
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Propentofylline is a xanthine derivative that has been known to protec t neurons against ischemia-induced damage. To assess its neuroprotective mechanisms, we examined the effect of propentofylline on microglial proliferation that is thought to play an important role in neuronal damage. We determined the proliferation...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.1996.0035
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The majority of human spinal cord injuries involve gray matter loss from the cervical or lumbar enlargements. However, the deficits that arise from gray matter damage are largely masked by the severe deficits due to associated white matter damage. We have developed a model to examine gray matter-specific deficits and ...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.1999.7016
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the June issue of Experimental Neurology, Nizzardo and colleagues demonstrate that the beta-lactam antibiotic ceftriaxone is neuroprotective in a mouse model of spinal muscular atrophy. Here I review their main findings and the relevance to previous and future work on motor neuron disorders and for developing thera...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2011.06.002
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Traumatic CNS injury triggers a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), in which circulating inflammatory cells invade body organs causing local inflammation and tissue damage. We have shown that the SIRS caused by spinal cord injury is greatly reduced by acute intravenous treatment with an antibody against th...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2015.07.003
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS/HYPOTHESIS:Dorsal root ganglia (DRG) sensory neurons cultured from 3 to 5 month streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats exhibit structural and biochemical changes seen in peripheral nerve fibers in vivo, including axonal swellings, oxidative damage, reduced axonal sprouting, and decreased NF-κB activity. NF-κB ...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2012.11.009
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::An inherited deficiency of β-galactosylceramidase (GALC) causes the lysosomal storage disease globoid cell leukodystrophy (GLD). The disease is characterized by the accumulation of the cytotoxic metabolite psychosine (galactosylsphingosine), causing rapid degeneration of myelinating cells. Most patients suffer from th...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2015.04.020
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) and its naturally occurring antagonist angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) are novel ligands that regulate tyrosine phosphorylation of the Tie2/Tek receptor on endothelial cells. Proper regulation of Tie2/Tek is absolutely required for normal vascular development, seemingly by regulating vascular remodeling ...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.1999.7162
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In previous studies of our group, we have reported differential alterations in opioidergic receptor subtypes densities in infarcted and periinfarcted brain tissue following middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in mice. Other studies have also described subcortical alterations consecutive to focal cortical ischemia....
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.2000.7400
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neuronopathy was induced in rats by chronic treatment (2 mg/kg twice a week for nine injections) with the antineoplastic drug cisplatin. Morphological alterations and changes in peptide [calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), substance P, galanin (Gal), and somatostatin] concentration were s...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.1996.0050
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study of medial gastrocnemius (MG) muscle and motor units (MUs) after spinal cord hemisection and deafferentation (HSDA) in adult cats, asked 1) whether the absence of muscle atrophy and unaltered contractile speed demonstrated previously in HSDA-paralyzed peroneus longus (PerL) muscles, was apparent in the unloa...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113201
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infection with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) is associated with dysfunctions of the central nervous system (CNS). HIV-1 induces its effects on the CNS by a variety of mechanisms, including by shedding the neurotoxic viral proteins such as gp120 and Tat. Both HIV-1 and gp120 have been shown to cross the blood-...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2004.11.019
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The antiretroviral toxic neuropathy, a distal sensory polyneuropathy associated with antiretroviral treatment, is a frequently occurring neurological complication during treatment of patients with AIDS and often leads to discontinuation of antiretroviral therapy. The mechanisms by which antiretroviral drugs contribute...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2015.02.036
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypobaric hypoxia has been implicated with neural degeneration and memory loss. Though there has been considerable knowledge on the role of the p75(NTR) in triggering apoptosis, the occurrence of a similar mechanism in hypoxic stress still remains to be explored. We, in the present study, have tried to explore the rol...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2008.01.030
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the intraluminal suture model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in the rat, lesions of the masticator muscles associated with impaired functional outcome occur. We evaluated the role of external carotid artery (ECA) transection. We assessed whether isolated interruption of an arterial or a venous connectio...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2005.05.013
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cinnamophilin (CINN, (8R, 8'S)-4, 4'-dihydroxy-3, 3'-dimethoxy-7-oxo-8, 8'-neolignan) protects against ischemic stroke in mice. While some anti-oxidative effects of CINN have been characterized, its therapeutic window and molecular basis for neuroprotection remain unclear. We evaluated antioxidant and anti-inflammator...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2009.01.019
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thalamocortical spike-and-wave discharges characterize the nonconvulsive absence seizures that occur spontaneously in genetic absence epilepsy rats from Strasbourg (GAERS), a selected strain of Wistar rats. GABA is crucial in the generation of absence seizures. The susceptibility to convulsions induced by threshold do...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.1999.7302
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Long-term levodopa or dopamine agonist treatment in the MPTP-lesioned primate model of Parkinson's disease elicits dyskinesia, which is phenotypically similar to levodopa-induced dyskinesia in patients with Parkinson's disease. AMPA receptor antagonists have previously been shown to have both anti-parkinsonian and ant...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.2001.7854
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Muscle disuse-induced changes in the cholinergic system of sciatic nerve, slow-twitch soleus (SOL), and fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles were studied in rats. Rats with hind limbs suspended for 2 to 3 weeks showed marked elevation in the activity of choline acetyltransferase in sciatic nerve (38%), ...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4886(85)90012-3
更新日期:1985-09-01 00:00:00