Structure of ADP x AIF4(-)-stabilized nitrogenase complex and its implications for signal transduction.

abstract：:Multiplicative operations are important in sensory processing, but their biophysical implementation remains largely unknown. We investigated an identified neuron (the lobula giant movement detector, LGMD, of locusts) whose output firing rate in response to looming visual stimuli has been described by two models, one o...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Gabbiani F,Krapp HG,Koch C,Laurent G

更新日期：2002-11-21 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been shown that Neanderthals contributed genetically to modern humans outside Africa 47,000-65,000 years ago. Here we analyse the genomes of a Neanderthal and a Denisovan from the Altai Mountains in Siberia together with the sequences of chromosome 21 of two Neanderthals from Spain and Croatia. We find that a p...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kuhlwilm M,Gronau I,Hubisz MJ,de Filippo C,Prado-Martinez J,Kircher M,Fu Q,Burbano HA,Lalueza-Fox C,de la Rasilla M,Rosas A,Rudan P,Brajkovic D,Kucan Ž,Gušic I,Marques-Bonet T,Andrés AM,Viola B,Pääbo S,Meyer M,Sie

更新日期：2016-02-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Many intracellular targets of protein-tyrosine kinases possess Src homology 2 (SH2) domains that directly recognize phosphotyrosine-containing sites on autophosphorylated growth factor receptors and cytoplasmic proteins, and thereby mediate the activation of biochemical signalling pathways. SH2 domains possess relativ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Marengere LE,Songyang Z,Gish GD,Schaller MD,Parsons JT,Stern MJ,Cantley LC,Pawson T

更新日期：1994-06-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Signals elicited by binding of the T-cell antigen receptor and the CD4/CD8 co-receptor to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules control the generation of CD4+ (helper) or CD8+ (cytotoxic) T cells from thymic precursors that initially express both co-receptor proteins. These precursors have unique, clonally ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yasutomo K,Doyle C,Miele L,Fuchs C,Germain RN

更新日期：2000-03-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Several microorganisms, including Yersinia sp., Salmonella sp., Brucella sp., Mycobacterium sp. and Leishmania sp., have successfully adapted to grow within macrophage phagolysosomes. Infections caused by these intracellular pathogens are among the most difficult to treat. As part of an antimicrobial strategy directed...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Pollack C,Straley SC,Klempner MS

更新日期：1986-08-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The IKKalpha and IKKbeta catalytic subunits of IkappaB kinase (IKK) share 51% amino-acid identity and similar biochemical activities: they both phosphorylate IkappaB proteins at serines that trigger their degradation. IKKalpha and IKKbeta differ, however, in their physiological functions. IKKbeta and the IKKgamma/NEMO...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hu Y,Baud V,Oga T,Kim KI,Yoshida K,Karin M

更新日期：2001-04-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The overexpression of defined transcription factors in somatic cells results in their reprogramming into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. The extremely low efficiency and slow kinetics of in vitro reprogramming suggest that further rare events are required to generate iPS cells. The nature and identity of these e...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Utikal J,Polo JM,Stadtfeld M,Maherali N,Kulalert W,Walsh RM,Khalil A,Rheinwald JG,Hochedlinger K

更新日期：2009-08-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Many tyrosine kinases, including the receptors for hormones such as epidermal growth factor (EGF), nerve growth factor and insulin, transmit intracellular signals through Ras proteins. Ligand binding to such receptors stimulates Ras guanine-nucleotide-exchange activity and increases the level of GTP-bound Ras, suggest...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Rozakis-Adcock M,Fernley R,Wade J,Pawson T,Bowtell D

更新日期：1993-05-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Developing an optical amplifier on silicon is essential for the success of silicon-on-insulator (SOI) photonic integrated circuits. Recently, optical gain with a 1-nm bandwidth was demonstrated using the Raman effect, which led to the demonstration of a Raman oscillator, lossless optical modulation and optically tunab...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Foster MA,Turner AC,Sharping JE,Schmidt BS,Lipson M,Gaeta AL

更新日期：2006-06-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) is an innate immune sensor for cytosolic microbial DNA1. After binding DNA, cGAS synthesizes the messenger 2'3'-cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP)2-4, which triggers cell-autonomous defence and the production of type I interferons and pro-inflammatory cytokines via the activation of STING5. In addit...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Michalski S,de Oliveira Mann CC,Stafford CA,Witte G,Bartho J,Lammens K,Hornung V,Hopfner KP

更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In Dictyostelium discoideum, carbohydrate binding proteins (CBPs) or lectins have been implicated in the molecular basis of cellular cohesion. To determine the role of these CBPs, we have attempted to isolate structural gene mutants in which the CBPs have a defective affinity for carbohydrate ligands. We now report th...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ray J,Shinnick T,Lerner R

更新日期：1979-05-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Concentrations of dissolved oxygen in the ocean seem to correlate well with climate instabilities over the past 100,000 years. For example, the concentration of dissolved oxygen in Pacific intermediate waters was considerably higher during Pleistocene glacial periods than it is today. This has been inferred from the p...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Stott LD,Berelson W,Douglas R,Gorsline D

更新日期：2000-09-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The nature of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) at energies >10(20) eV remains a mystery. They are likely to be of extragalactic origin, but should be absorbed within approximately 50 Mpc through interactions with the cosmic microwave background. As there are no sufficiently powerful accelerators within this dista...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Falcke H,Apel WD,Badea AF,Bähren L,Bekk K,Bercuci A,Bertaina M,Biermann PL,Blümer J,Bozdog H,Brancus IM,Buitink S,Brüggemann M,Buchholz P,Butcher H,Chiavassa A,Daumiller K,de Bruyn AG,de Vos CM,Di Pierro F,Doll P

更新日期：2005-05-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Circulating tumour cells in women with advanced oestrogen-receptor (ER)-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative breast cancer acquire a HER2-positive subpopulation after multiple courses of therapy. In contrast to HER2-amplified primary breast cancer, which is highly sensitive to HER2-targete...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Jordan NV,Bardia A,Wittner BS,Benes C,Ligorio M,Zheng Y,Yu M,Sundaresan TK,Licausi JA,Desai R,O'Keefe RM,Ebright RY,Boukhali M,Sil S,Onozato ML,Iafrate AJ,Kapur R,Sgroi D,Ting DT,Toner M,Ramaswamy S,Haas W,Mah

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gene targeting in embryonic stem cells has become the principal technology for manipulation of the mouse genome, offering unrivalled accuracy in allele design and access to conditional mutagenesis. To bring these advantages to the wider research community, large-scale mouse knockout programmes are producing a permanen...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Skarnes WC,Rosen B,West AP,Koutsourakis M,Bushell W,Iyer V,Mujica AO,Thomas M,Harrow J,Cox T,Jackson D,Severin J,Biggs P,Fu J,Nefedov M,de Jong PJ,Stewart AF,Bradley A

更新日期：2011-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:When integral membrane proteins are visualized in detergents or other artificial systems, an important layer of information is lost regarding lipid interactions and their effects on protein structure. This is especially relevant to proteins for which lipids have both structural and regulatory roles. Here we demonstrat...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Gao Y,Cao E,Julius D,Cheng Y

更新日期：2016-06-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Endocytosis has long been thought of as simply a way for cells to internalize nutrients and membrane-associated molecules. But an explosive growth in knowledge has given a new dimension to our understanding of this process. It now seems that endocytosis is a master organizer of signalling circuits, with one of its mai...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Scita G,Di Fiore PP

更新日期：2010-01-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Williams syndrome is a genetic neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by an uncommon hypersociability and a mosaic of retained and compromised linguistic and cognitive abilities. Nearly all clinically diagnosed individuals with Williams syndrome lack precisely the same set of genes, with breakpoints in chromosome b...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Chailangkarn T,Trujillo CA,Freitas BC,Hrvoj-Mihic B,Herai RH,Yu DX,Brown TT,Marchetto MC,Bardy C,McHenry L,Stefanacci L,Järvinen A,Searcy YM,DeWitt M,Wong W,Lai P,Ard MC,Hanson KL,Romero S,Jacobs B,Dale AM,Dai L

更新日期：2016-08-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Metabotropic γ-aminobutyric acid receptors (GABAB) are involved in the modulation of synaptic responses in the central nervous system and have been implicated in neuropsychological conditions that range from addiction to psychosis1. GABAB belongs to class C of the G-protein-coupled receptors, and its functional entity...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Shaye H,Ishchenko A,Lam JH,Han GW,Xue L,Rondard P,Pin JP,Katritch V,Gati C,Cherezov V

更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The species diversity of natural communities is often strongly related to their productivity. The pattern of this relationship seems to vary: diversity is known to increase monotonically with productivity, to decrease monotonically with productivity, and to be unimodally related to productivity, with maximum diversity...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kassen R,Buckling A,Bell G,Rainey PB

更新日期：2000-08-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Lipoprotein(a) is an LDL-like lipoprotein whose concentration in plasma is correlated with atherosclerosis. The characteristic protein component of lipoprotein(a) is apolipoprotein(a) which is disulphide-linked to apolipoprotein B-100. Sequencing of cloned human apolipoprotein(a) complementary DNA shows that it is ver...

journal_title：Nature

authors： McLean JW,Tomlinson JE,Kuang WJ,Eaton DL,Chen EY,Fless GM,Scanu AM,Lawn RM

更新日期：1987-11-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Cyclic GMP has been implicated as a messenger molecule involved in visual transduction. Photoexcited rhodopsin (R*) binds to a multisubunit membrane protein called transducin (T) and stimulates the exchange of a bound GDP molecule for GTP. This leads to the release of the alpha-subunit of T with bound GTP (T alpha-GTP...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Vuong TM,Chabre M,Stryer L

更新日期：1984-10-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Protecting the world's freshwater resources requires diagnosing threats over a broad range of scales, from global to local. Here we present the first worldwide synthesis to jointly consider human and biodiversity perspectives on water security using a spatial framework that quantifies multiple stressors and accounts f...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Vörösmarty CJ,McIntyre PB,Gessner MO,Dudgeon D,Prusevich A,Green P,Glidden S,Bunn SE,Sullivan CA,Liermann CR,Davies PM

更新日期：2010-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:In this Letter, owing to a copying error in Illustrator, the two centre panels in Extended Data Fig. 7a were identical. This error has been corrected online. The old, incorrect Extended Data Fig. 7 is shown in the Supplementary Information to this Amendment for transparency. Some typos ('occurence') in Figs. 1, 2 and ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Andersen TG,Naseer S,Ursache R,Wybouw B,Smet W,De Rybel B,Vermeer JEM,Geldner N

更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The skin of mice contains dendritic epidermal cells carrying the Thy-1 antigen (Thy-1+ dEC) which express antigen receptors composed of the T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) gamma- and delta-chains. Although the role of the thymus in the generation of most T cells is well established, the involvement of the thymus in the ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Havran WL,Allison JP

更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since the first aeroplane flight more than 100 years ago, aeroplanes have been propelled using moving surfaces such as propellers and turbines. Most have been powered by fossil-fuel combustion. Electroaerodynamics, in which electrical forces accelerate ions in a fluid1,2, has been proposed as an alternative method of ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Xu H,He Y,Strobel KL,Gilmore CK,Kelley SP,Hennick CC,Sebastian T,Woolston MR,Perreault DJ,Barrett SRH

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The maternal messenger RNA An3 was originally identified localized to the animal hemisphere of Xenopus laevis oocytes, eggs and early embryos. Xenopus embryos depend on mRNA and protein present in the egg before fertilization (maternal molecules) to provide the information needed for early development. Localization of...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Gururajan R,Perry-O'Keefe H,Melton DA,Weeks DL

更新日期：1991-02-21 00:00:00

abstract：:An observer moving forwards through the environment experiences a radial pattern of image motion on each retina. Such patterns of optic flow are a potential source of information about the observer's rate of progress, direction of heading and time to reach objects that lie ahead. As the viewing distance changes there ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Busettini C,Masson GS,Miles FA

更新日期：1997-12-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Interactions between animal viruses and antiviral antisera may exceptionally result in an apparent increase in viral infectivity. Halstead and coworkers demonstrated enhanced replication of dengue virus (a Flavivirus, family Togaviridae) in human or simian peripheral blood leucocytes carrying Fc receptors at subneutra...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Peiris JS,Porterfield JS

更新日期：1979-11-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The adult mammalian heart is incapable of regeneration following cardiomyocyte loss, which underpins the lasting and severe effects of cardiomyopathy. Recently, it has become clear that the mammalian heart is not a post-mitotic organ. For example, the neonatal heart is capable of regenerating lost myocardium, and the ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Nakada Y,Canseco DC,Thet S,Abdisalaam S,Asaithamby A,Santos CX,Shah AM,Zhang H,Faber JE,Kinter MT,Szweda LI,Xing C,Hu Z,Deberardinis RJ,Schiattarella G,Hill JA,Oz O,Lu Z,Zhang CC,Kimura W,Sadek HA

更新日期：2017-01-12 00:00:00