Abstract：
:Nuclear magnetic resonance (MR) can be used to measure velocities in fluid flow using the technique of phase velocity mapping. Advantages of MR velocimetry include the simultaneous mapping of the entire flow field through a non-contacting, magnetic window. The phase velocity mapping technique assumes that velocity is constant over the measurement time (typically around 10 ms). For many fluid flows, this assumption is not valid. The current study showed that MR phase velocity measurements of velocity through stenotic flow can be in error by over 100% immediately upstream and downstream of the stenosis throat and by 20% far downstream of the throat in comparison with laser Doppler anemometer measurements taken at the same location. Highly turbulent flow also led to significant errors in velocity measurement. These errors can be attributed to several sources including low signal-to-noise ratio, additional phase shifts due to non-constant velocities, and non-stationary transit-time effects. Velocity measurement errors could be reduced to under 30% at all measurement locations through the use of MR sequences with high signal-to-noise ratios, low echo times, and thick slices.
journal_name
J Biomechjournal_title
Journal of biomechanicsauthors
Siegel JM Jr,Oshinski JN,Pettigrew RI,Ku DNsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-12-01 00:00:00pages
1665-72issue
12eissn
0021-9290issn
1873-2380pii
0021-9290(96)00032-2journal_volume
29pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Improper activation of the quadriceps muscles vastus medialis (VM) and vastus lateralis (VL) has been implicated in the development of patellofemoral pain (PFP). This explanation of PFP assumes that VM and VL produce opposing mediolateral forces on the patella. Although studies have provided evidence for opposing acti...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2018.09.007
更新日期：2018-11-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Polyethylene remains the most popular bearing material for total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Despite its widespread use, wear continue to be one of major factors implicated in revision surgery. Sliding distance, cross-shear, and contact stress are the major factors influencing polyethylene wear. As previous studies have ...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2018.06.009
更新日期：2018-08-22 00:00:00
abstract：:The literature contains many measurements of the fatigue properties of compact bone, but these experimental results have been difficult to interpret and use due to a large amount of apparent scatter: variation in the number of cycles to failure for a given cyclic stress or strain range. Recently Taylor (1998a, Journal...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0021-9290(99)00112-8
更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Motion capture systems are widely used to measure human kinematics. Nevertheless, users must consider system errors when evaluating their results. Most validation techniques for these systems are based on relative distance and displacement measurements. In contrast, our study aimed to analyse the absolute volume accur...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2018.04.009
更新日期：2018-06-06 00:00:00
abstract：:Body segment parameters (BSP) are essential input for the computations in kinetics of motion applied in the field of biomechanics. These data are usually obtained from population-specific predictive equations which present limitations in being representative of the population under study. More recently, medical imagin...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2008.10.036
更新日期：2009-02-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Fragility fractures are a result of alterations in bone quantity, tissue properties, applied loads, or a combination of these factors. The current study addresses the contribution of cortical bone tissue properties to skeletal fragility by characterizing the shear damage accumulation processes which occur during torsi...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0021-9290(98)00179-1
更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bone has the ability to adapt its structure in response to the mechanical environment as defined as Wolff's Law. The alignment of trabecular structure is intended to adapt to the particular mechanical milieu applied to it. Due to the absence of normal mechanical loading, it will be extremely important to assess the an...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2012.04.022
更新日期：2012-06-26 00:00:00
abstract：:The in situ longitudinal strain of canine and porcine aortas was investigated. Marks of black water-resistant ink were placed on the aortas and the axial lengths between the marks were measured in situ and in vitro. When the aortas were cut, the retraction was measured and described by the stretch ratio, which is defi...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0021-9290(94)00091-h
更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The breaking of left-right symmetry in the mammalian embryo is believed to occur in a transient embryonic structure, the node, when cilia create a leftward flow of liquid. The two-cilia hypothesis proposes that the node contains two kinds of primary cilia: motile cilia that rotate autonomously to generate the leftward...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2008.10.040
更新日期：2009-02-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Strength, or maximum joint torque, is a fundamental factor governing human movement, and is regularly assessed for clinical and rehabilitative purposes as well as for research into human performance. This study aimed to identify the most appropriate protocol for fitting a maximum voluntary torque function to experimen...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2010.11.024
更新日期：2011-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:High knee joint-loading increases the risk and progression of knee osteoarthritis (OA). Mechanical loading on the knee is reflected in the external knee adduction moment (KAdM) that can be measured during gait with laboratory-based measurement systems. However, clinical application of these systems is limited. Ambulat...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2012.09.030
更新日期：2013-01-04 00:00:00
abstract：:This numerical study assesses the influence of an oversized humeral hemiprosthesis with a larger medial offset on the mechanics of the shoulder with cuff tear arthropathy (CTA). Shoulder elevation in the scapular plane is performed, and a Seebauer Type IIa CTA is simulated: a massive rotator cuff tear, a proximal and ...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2012.11.021
更新日期：2013-02-22 00:00:00
abstract：:There are many diseases which cause detrimental changes in the trabecular structure of cancellous bone, leading to mechanical failure of the tissue. One approach to understanding the mechanisms of these diseases is to create idealized models that recreate the morphology of the tissue. This paper presents a partial dev...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0021-9290(93)90057-l
更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Wall shear stress distribution in the carotid siphon, which is a multiple curved segment of the internal carotid artery, is investigated numerically under physiological flow conditions. The computer simulation of flow through the model segment is based on the time-dependent, three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations, ...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0021-9290(88)90203-5
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bilateral asymmetry in gallop stride limb contact patterns of four Quarter Horse fillies was documented by high-speed cinematography. Horses were filmed with rider by two cameras simultaneously while galloping along a straightaway. Even though signaled for each gallop lead an equivalent number of times, horses frequen...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0021-9290(87)90285-5
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The advent of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) sensors has enabled real-time wall shear stress (WSS) measurements with high spatial and temporal resolution in a 3-D bifurcation model. To optimize intravascular shear stress assessment, we evaluated the feasibility of catheter/coaxial wire-based MEMS sensors in the...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.04.021
更新日期：2009-07-22 00:00:00
abstract：:Prosthetic heart valves deployed in the left heart (aortic and mitral) are subjected to harsh hemodynamical conditions. Most of the tissue engineered heart valves have been developed for the low pressure pulmonary position because of the difficulties in fabricating a mechanically strong valve, able to withstand the sy...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2018.07.018
更新日期：2018-09-10 00:00:00
abstract：:The micromechanical environment of bone is crucial to understanding both bone fracture and mechanobiological responses of osteocytes, yet few techniques exist that are capable of measuring strains on the micrometer scale. A method for measuring micrometer level strains has been developed based on digital image correla...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2013.06.003
更新日期：2013-08-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Active tension developed while cardiac muscle shortens has been studied extensively under afterloaded isotonic or isovelocity conditions. However, these are not true in vivo loading conditions. To obtain more physiological loading, we controlled sarcomere length to follow the time courses that we observed previously i...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0021-9290(96)00122-4
更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Children with spastic cerebral palsy (CP) experience secondary musculoskeletal adaptations, affecting the mechanical and material properties of muscles and tendons. CP-related changes in the spastic muscle are well documented whilst less is known about the tendon. From a clinical perspective, it is important...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.07.020
更新日期：2016-09-06 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to compare three camera calibration approaches applied to underwater applications: (1) static control points with nonlinear DLT; (2) moving wand with nonlinear camera model and bundle adjustment; (3) moving plate with nonlinear camera model. The DVideo kinematic analysis system was used f...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2012.01.004
更新日期：2012-04-05 00:00:00
abstract：:Patient selection for lateral retinacular release (LRR) and its efficacy are controversial. Iatrogenic medial subluxation can occur with inappropriate LRR. The aim of this study was to determine the reduction in patellofemoral stability with progressively more extensive LRR. The force required to displace the patella ...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2008.11.003
更新日期：2009-02-09 00:00:00
abstract：:We assessed the local distribution of bone mechanical properties on a micro-nano-scale and its correlation to strain distribution. Left tibia samples were obtained from 5-month old female Sprague Dawley rats, including baseline control (n=9) and hindlimb suspended (n=9) groups. Elastic modulus was measured by nanoinde...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.11.052
更新日期：2016-01-25 00:00:00
abstract：:An apparatus was designed for mechanical compression of cultured articular cartilage explants with acylindrical plain-ended loading head (diameter 2-5 mm) driven by a stepping motor. A load cell under the culture dish was applied for feedback regulation utilizing a microprocessor-based control unit. The operating prog...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0021-9290(89)90232-7
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, the dynamic compressive properties in five different regions of the porcine temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc are investigated over a wide range of loading frequencies. The aim was, thus far, to evaluate the regional difference and the frequency-related effect of the applied load on these properties. E...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2012.11.035
更新日期：2013-02-22 00:00:00
abstract：:Human movement reconstruction is still difficult due to noise generated by the use of skin markers. The a priori definition of a kinematic chain associated with a global optimisation method allows reducing these deleterious effects. When dealing with the forearm, this approach can be improved by personalising the two ...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2013.01.029
更新日期：2013-04-05 00:00:00
abstract：:The thoracolumbar fascia (TLF) provides a means of attachment to the lumbar spine for several muscles including the transverse abdominis, and parts of the latissimus dorsi and internal oblique muscles. Previous biomechanical models of the lumbar spine either tend to omit the TLF on the assumption that its contribution...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2010.06.022
更新日期：2010-10-19 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study investigated the feasibility and reliability of continuous relative phase (CRP) and deviation phase (DP) to assess intersegmental hind limb coordination pattern and coordination variability in rats during walking. Twenty-six adult rats walked at 8 m/min, 12 m/min and 16 m/min while two-dimensional ki...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2018.03.045
更新日期：2018-05-17 00:00:00
abstract：:The elastic modulus of bioengineered materials has a strong influence on the phenotype of many cells including cardiomyocytes. On polyacrylamide (PAA) gels that are laminated with ligands for integrins, cardiac myocytes develop well organized sarcomeres only when cultured on substrates with elastic moduli in the range...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2011.11.023
更新日期：2012-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The finite element (FE) method based on high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) use a variety of tissue constitutive properties and boundary conditions at different laboratories making comparison of mechanical properties difficult. Furthermore, the advent of a second-generation HR-pQCT po...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2018.08.030
更新日期：2018-10-26 00:00:00
