Abstract:
:Oxygen consumption of preimplantation and early postimplantation mouse embryos has been measured using a novel noninvasive ultramicrofluorescence technique, based on an oil-soluble, nontoxic quaternary benzoid compound pyrene, whose fluorescence is quenched in the presence of oxygen. Pyruvate and glucose consumption, lactate production, and glycogen formation from glucose were also measured. Preimplantation mouse embryos of the strain CBA/Ca x C57BL/6 were cultured in groups of 10-30 in 2 microliters of modified M2 medium containing 1 mmol l-1 glucose, 0 mmol l-1 lactate, and 0.33 mmol l-1 pyruvate, for between 4-6 hr. Day 6.5 and 7.5 embryos were cultured singly in 40 microliters M2 medium for between 2-3 hr. Oxygen consumption was detected at all stages of development, including, for the first time, in the early postimplantation embryo. Consumption remained relatively constant from zygote to morula stages before increasing in the blastocyst and day 6.5-7.5 stages. When expressed as QO2 (microliters/mg dry weight/hr), oxygen consumption was relatively constant from the one-cell to morula stages before increasing sharply at the blastocyst stage and declining to preblastocyst levels on days 6.5 and 7.5. Pyruvate was consumed during preimplantation stages, with glucose uptake undetectable until the blastocyst stage. Glucose was the main substrate consumed by the 6.5 and 7.5 day embryo. The proportions of glucose accounted for by lactate appearance were 81%, 86%, and 119% at blastocyst, day 6.5, and day 7.5 stages, respectively. The equivalent figures for glucose incorporated into glycogen were 10.36%, 0.21%, and 0.19%, respectively. The data are consistent with a switch from a metabolism dependent on aerobic respiration during early preimplantation stages to one dependent on both oxidative phosphorylation and aerobic glycolysis at the blastocyst stage, a pattern which is maintained on days 6.5 and 7.5. Our technique for measuring oxygen consumption may have diagnostic potential for selecting viable embryos for transfer following assisted conception techniques in man and domestic animals.
journal_name
Mol Reprod Devjournal_title
Molecular reproduction and developmentauthors
Houghton FD,Thompson JG,Kennedy CJ,Leese HJdoi
10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(199608)44:4<476::AID-MRD7>subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-08-01 00:00:00pages
476-85issue
4eissn
1040-452Xissn
1098-2795pii
10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(199608)44:4<476::AID-MRD7>journal_volume
44pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The text below is a transcript of the keynote address Kenneth Manning gave at the symposium honoring E. E. Just that was held on the campus of Howard University on November 21, 2008. In his talk, Manning reflects on his experiences researching and writing Black Apollo of Science: The Life of Ernest Everett Just, his p...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.21087
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plac1 is a recently identified, X-linked gene whose expression is restricted primarily to cells of the trophoblast lineage. It localizes to a chromosomal locus previously implicated in placental growth. We therefore sought to determine if Plac1 is necessary for placental and embryonic development by examining a mutant...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.22062
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The sperm nucleus has a unique chromatin structure where the DNA is highly condensed and associated with specific proteins, the protamines. It is a nondividing cell which is also transcriptionally inactive. After fusion with an oocyte, the sperm nucleus undergoes decondensation and, in the same time, starts replicatio...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(200003)55:3<307::AID-MRD9>
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Biochemical and immunoelectron microscopic methods have been used to analyze the distribution of actin in boar spermatozoa and its state of aggregation before and after acrosome reaction. F-actin was detected on sperm head and tail by electron microscopy using an improved phalloidin probe: incubation with a fluorescei...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.1080330114
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is an important assisted reproductive technology (ART). Due to deployment difficulties and low efficiency of the earlier (conventional) version of ICSI, especially in the mouse, a piezo-assisted ICSI technique had evolved as a popular ART methodology in recent years. An importan...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.20919
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) plays an important role in asthenozoospermia. This study evaluated the sperm microRNA-423-5p (miR-423-5p) expression in asthenozoospermia and normozoospermia, exploring the role of miR-423-5p in asthenozoospermia. Eighty participants were divided into asthenozoospermic (AZS, n =...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.23454
更新日期:2021-01-28 00:00:00
abstract::DNA methylation/demethylation of donor genomes in recipient ooplasm after nuclear transfer occurs in a species-specific way. In cloned rabbit and bovine embryos, repetitive sequences maintain the donor-type methylation status, but typical demethylation of repetitive sequences takes place in cloned porcine embryos. To ...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.20421
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Varicocele is a prevalent pathology among infertile men. The mechanisms linking this condition to infertility, however, are poorly understood. Our previous work showed a relationship between sperm functional quality and the ability of spermatozoa to respond to capacitating conditions with increased membrane fluidity a...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.20611
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In newt testis, spermatocytes never appear during winter, because secondary spermatogonia die by apoptosis just before meiosis. In the current study, we examined the effect of low temperatures on spermatogenesis. Incubation of newts at low temperatures (8, 12, 15 degrees C) induced defects in spermatogenesis in a temp...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.10328
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was conducted to investigate the effect of recipient activation time on the chromatin structure and development of bovine nuclear transfer embryos. Serum-starved skin cells were electrofused to enucleated oocytes, activated 1-5 hr after fusion, and cultured in vitro. Some fused eggs were fixed at each time ...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.20131
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are always more evidences indicating that 17beta-estradiol (E2) is to be necessary for normal male fertility. Here we report the expression of the most ubiquitously expressed member of the akt family of genes, akt1, in the lizard (Podarcis s. sicula) testis. We have used a nonmammalian vertebrate model (the liza...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.20284
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three sources of hamster periovulatory fluids (+/- heat inactivation at 56 degrees C), with bovine serum albumin (BSA) as control, were tested for effects on penetration of three classes of eggs by hamster sperm precapacitated in BSA. These fluids were a soluble extract of cumulus oophorus fluid (COF) from the ovulate...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.1080380409
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Artificial activation is required for successful intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) to induce haploidy pronuclear formation with extraction of second polar body. The present study showed that an additional treatment with Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) followed by Ca(2+) ionophore treatment improved the rat...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.20182
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The developmental competence of bovine follicular oocytes that had been meiotically arrested with the phosphokinase inhibitor 6-dimethylaminopurine (6-DMAP) was studied. After 24 h in vitro culture with 2 mM 6-DMAP, 85 +/- 12% of the oocytes were at the germinal vesicle stage compared to 97 +/- 3% at the start of cult...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(199807)50:3<334::AID-MRD10
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Embryonic stem (ES) cell lines are routinely derived from in vivo produced blastocysts. We investigated the efficiency of ES cells derivation from in vitro produced blastocysts either in monoculture or sequential culture. Zygotes from hybrid F1 B6D2 mice were cultured in vitro to the blastocyst stage in Potassium (K(+...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.20512
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Successful fertilization in mammals depends on the sperm's ability to initiate intracellular Ca2+ oscillations in the egg, a phenomenon that is elicited by Sperm-oocyte activating factors (SOAFs), whose quantitative and/or qualitative defect might result in fertilization failure. One such proposed factor is Post-acros...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.22950
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The plasmid DNA, pAcZ, containing Escherichia coli beta-galactosidase (lacZ) gene under the control of chicken beta-actin gene promoter was injected in a linearized form into the germinal disc of fertilized chick ova at the single-cell stage. The manipulated embryos were cultured by the method of Naito et al. (1990) u...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.1080370207
更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Demecolcine-induced enucleation (IE) of mouse oocytes has been shown to improve development to term of cloned mice. In this study, we characterized the kinetics and morphological progression of bovine oocytes subjected to IE, and evaluated their ability to support embryo development to the blastocyst stage after nucle...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.20356
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report the primary structures of two mRNA species (GH1 and GH2), each predicted from the cloned cDNA and genomic gene sequences, that encode growth hormone in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). Both GH1 and GH2 mRNA contain open reading frames comprising 630 nucleotides and encode 210 amino acid residues, of which 11...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.1080010104
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We compared the results of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) that leads to full term development of hybrid (B6C3F1 and B6D2F1) and inbred (C57BL/6) mouse embryos. Although fertilization and pre-implantation development of C57BL/6 eggs were similar to those of F1 hybrid eggs, post-implantation development of the ...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.1063
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the cow, cryopreserved semen is inseminated into the uterus, and most of sperm are removed by backflow and phagocytes. Nevertheless, the mechanism responsible for sperm phagocytosis is unclear. Here, we used cultured bovine uterine epithelial cells (BUECs) to investigate the uterine response to sperm and the mechan...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.22955
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently, mice and embryonic stem (ES) cells with allelic polymorphisms have been used extensively in the field of genetics and developmental biology. In this study, we examined whether intersubspecific hybrid mice and ES cells with these genotypes can be efficiently produced by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.20612
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We previously demonstrated that the progesterone-(P) initiated human sperm acrosome reaction (AR) was dependent on the presence of extracellular Na+ (Na(-)0). Moreover, Na(-)0 depletion resulted in a decreased cytosolic pH (pHi), suggesting involvement of a Na(+)-dependent pHi regulatory mechanism during the P-initiat...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(199902)52:2<189::AID-MRD10
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Semen analysis lacks a functional component and best identifies extreme cases of infertility. The ganglioside GM1 is known to have functional roles during capacitation and acrosome exocytosis. Here, we assessed whether GM1 localization patterns (Cap-Score™) correspond with male fertility in different settings: Study 1...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.22803
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormones (GnRHs) are decapeptides well known to regulate the reproductive cycle. They are expressed not only in the brain, but also in other tissues including the gonads. It is believed that they may be involved in the endocrine and paracrine regulation of the reproductive cycle. To date, two fo...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.10065
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mitochondrial metabolic capacity and DNA replication have both been shown to affect oocyte quality, but it is unclear which one is more critical. In this study, immature oocytes were treated with FCCP or ddC to independently inhibit the respective mitochondrial metabolic capacity or DNA replication of oocytes during i...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.22042
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, we document that the overall rate of protein synthesis decreases during in vitro maturation (IVM) of pig oocytes despite enhanced formation of the 5' cap structure eIF4F. Within somatic/interphase cells, formation of the eIF4F protein complex correlates very well with overall rates of protein translatio...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.20368
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the mammalian testis the cytoplasmic beta and gamma actins are expressed in all stages of germ-cell differentiation, whereas gamma enteric actin is expressed in germ cells solely in postmeiotic stages. Northern blot analysis of mouse testicular RNAs reveals actin mRNAs of about 2.1, 1.5, and 1.4 kB. The 2.1-kB mRNA...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(199606)44:2<141::AID-MRD1>
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In vitro oocyte maturation followed by in vitro fertilization (IVM/IVF) success in the domestic cat remains inferior to commonly studied livestock or laboratory species. The objectives here were (1) to histologically assess atresia status of freshly excised follicle/oocyte complexes, and (2) to evaluate taphonomic cha...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(199702)46:2<190::AID-MRD9>
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::It was reported that a hamster protein, called "oscillin," with a sequence related to that of an Escherichia coli GNPDA triggered Ca(2+) oscillations in mammalian oocytes when introduced into their cytoplasm upon fertilization. Recently, it was shown that GNPDA/oscillin is ubiquitously expressed in rat tissues and tha...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1098-2795(200007)56:3<424::AID-MRD13>3.0.C
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00