Abstract:
:Policosanol is a natural mixture of higher aliphatic primary alcohols. Oral toxicity of policosanol was evaluated in a 12-month study in which doses from 0.5 to 500 mg/kg were given orally to Sprague Dawley (SD) rats (20/sex/group) daily. There was no treatment-related toxicity. Thus, effects on body weight gain, food consumption, clinical observations, blood biochemistry, hematology, organ weight ratios and histopathological findings were similar in control and treated groups. This study supports the wide safety margin of policosanol when administered chronically.
journal_name
Toxicol Lettjournal_title
Toxicology lettersauthors
Alemán CL,Más R,Hernández C,Rodeiro I,Cerejido E,Noa M,Capote A,Menéndez R,Amor A,Fraga Vdoi
10.1016/0378-4274(94)90147-3subject
Has Abstract,Author List Incompletepub_date
1994-01-01 00:00:00pages
77-87issue
1eissn
0378-4274issn
1879-3169pii
0378-4274(94)90147-3journal_volume
70pub_type
杂志文章abstract::In this study, the effects of exposure to a 900 megahertz (MHz) electromagnetic field (EMF) on serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and triiodothronine-thyroxin (T3-T4) hormones levels of adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were studied. Thirty rats were used in three independent groups, 10 of which were control (withou...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2005.03.006
更新日期:2005-07-04 00:00:00
abstract::Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) are a group of protein-modifying and nucleotide-polymerizing enzymes able to catalyze the transfer of multiple ADP-ribose units from NAD to substrate proteins. In the human genome, 16 different genes encoding for members of this emerging family of enzymes have been identified. Know...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0378-4274(02)00429-0
更新日期:2003-04-04 00:00:00
abstract::Aluminum (Al) is a toxic metal, and excessive Al accumulation causes immunosuppression. Deferiprone (DFP) is a well-known chelator and used in dialysis patients for removing Al from tissues. The present study aimed to investigate whether DFP treatment can attenuate immunotoxicity induced by aluminum chloride (AlCl3) i...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.01.007
更新日期:2018-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Effects of vitamin E on cell morphology and cellular protein thiols under oxidative stress was investigated in cultured rat hepatocytes with different vitamin E status. Hepatocytes were incubated in the presence or absence of 100 microM alpha-tocopherol succinate for 24 h then treated with 1.5 mM t-butyl hydroperoxide...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0378-4274(96)03793-9
更新日期:1996-12-16 00:00:00
abstract::Cadmium (Cd), which accumulates primarily in the liver and the kidney, induces apoptosis and also causes necrotic cell death in certain pathophysiologic situations. Previously, we have shown that Cd activated mitogen-activated protein kinases and that sulfur amino acid deficiency potentiated Cd-induced cytotoxicity vi...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0378-4274(03)00233-9
更新日期:2003-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::The lithocholic acid-sensitive mutant cells were isolated from CHO-9 cells mutagenized with ethylmethane sulfonate, through clonal selection on 96-well dishes. The isolated mutant cells (LSJ-11) were 3-fold more sensitive than controls in the survival to lithocholic acid and were also sensitive to other bile acids suc...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(93)90001-e
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurobehavioral effects of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) at environmental levels of exposure have been reported in cross-sectional and prospective studies in infants and children. However, observations differ for effect spectrum, persistence and effective matrix (cord plasma, maternal plasma or milk). In order to i...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0378-4274(98)00334-8
更新日期:1998-12-28 00:00:00
abstract::Mechanism of PAH mixtures, using granulosa tumour cells, was investigated. Cells were exposed to a mixture of all 16 priority PAHs (M1) or a mixture of five PAHs not classified as human carcinogens (M2). The effect of siAHR, siAHRR and siNFKB2 on the expression of CYP1A1, CYP1B1, GSTM1, ERα, AR and cell proliferation ...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.04.008
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rhesus monkeys exposed to marijuana smoke either 7 or 2 days/weeks (HI and LO groups, respectively), or ethanol-extracted marijuana smoke for 7 days/week (EM) or sham treatment (SH) for 1 year were sacrificed 7 months following the last exposure. Pulmonary levels of carcinogen-DNA adducts were determined. Although mea...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(92)90094-z
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Xenobiotic exposure is a risk factor in the etiology of neurodegenerative disease. It was recently hypothesized that restricted exposure during brain development could predispose for a neurodegenerative disease later in life. As neuroinflammation contributes to progressive neurodegeneration, it is suspected that neuro...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.02.001
更新日期:2014-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::The adverse effects on the immune system resulting from acute and subchronic exposure to immunotoxic compounds can be divided into the following three categories. One is the tissue manifestations induced by either immunosuppressive or immunomodulative compounds through the interactions of the drug or its metabolites w...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(92)90177-l
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dietary ethoxyquin (EQ) and methionine hydroxy analog (MHA) protected 6-8-month-old wethers from toxic doses of bitterweed (Hymenoxys odorata DC.). The EQ-MHA group received sweet feed (corn, oats, dehydrated alfalfa pellets, cane molasses and minerals), 500 g/day/sheep, supplemented with EQ and MHA (0.5% and 1.0% of ...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(83)90005-x
更新日期:1983-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of linolic acid hydroperoxides (product A) and secondary oxidative products of product A (product B), were examined in an in vivo mid-term test for hepatocarcinogens or hepatopromoters in rats. The number of placental type of glutathione S-transferase (GST-P)-positive foci of the liver was significantly re...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(86)90048-2
更新日期:1986-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a DNA-binding protein that is abundantly expressed in most tissues. Recently, HMGB1 has gained much attention for its regulation of immunity and inflammation. Yet its role in toluene diisocyanate (TDI)-induced asthma still remains poorly characterized. In this study, mice were sens...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.08.1108
更新日期:2015-11-19 00:00:00
abstract::Phenathrene is a major coal tar component found in hazardous waste disposal sites. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the extent to which phenanthrene adsorption to either of 2 different soils affects the manner in which phenanthrene is subsequently handled in orally and dermally exposed adult female rats. Abso...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(95)03250-o
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The in vitro N-methylating capability of rabbit tissue cytosolic preparations, utilizing S-adenosyl-L-[methyl-3H]methionine as methyl donor, is described. Dialysed preparations from the lung, liver and kidney are capable of N-methylating 3- and 4-phenylpyridines and 3,3'- and 4,4'-bispyridyls; the corresponding 2-subs...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(86)90213-4
更新日期:1986-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic exposure to arsenic, a potent carcinogen and toxicant, via drinking water is a worldwide public health problem. Because little is known about early-life effects of arsenic on immunity, we evaluated the impact of in utero exposure on infant immune parameters and morbidity in a pilot study. Pregnant women were e...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.01.001
更新日期:2009-03-28 00:00:00
abstract::Cigarette smoke (CS) induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been emerging as a great health problem in China. However, lack of appropriate animal model slows down the progress in understanding pathogenesis of the disease. The aim of current study is to establish and evaluate a more adequate rat model...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.06.850
更新日期:2009-09-28 00:00:00
abstract::Methylmercury (MeHg) is an environmental toxicant, while mercuric sulfide (HgS) is a main active component of cinnabar, a Chinese mineral medicine used as a sedative. Because the neurotoxicological effects of HgS were not clearly understood, in this study, we attempted to compare HgS with MeHg in various physiological...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2006.12.006
更新日期:2007-03-08 00:00:00
abstract::Occupational and environmental exposure to pesticides has been associated with thyroid dysfunction, particularly changes in circulating thyroid hormone levels (T3, T4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). This study assessed the association between environmental exposure to pesticides and the risk of developing thyr...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.08.017
更新日期:2019-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of sorbic acid alone and in combination with sodium nitrite has been studied on bone marrow chromosomes of mice following 30 days oral treatment. Bone marrow of mice exposed to sorbic acid (15 mg/kg) and sorbic acid nitrite (7.5-1 mg/kg) showed an increase in mitotic index indicating that the drugs had an e...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(86)90002-0
更新日期:1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interstitial pulmonary fibrosis is characterized by an abnormal accumulation of fibroblasts with a resultant increase in lung collagen content. Previous research has implied a possible involvement of the T-lymphocyte in this process. We used cyclosporin A (Cy A), a known immunosuppressant, to deplete T-lymphocyte-depe...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(85)90162-6
更新日期:1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors have recently emerged as a new class of anti-cancer agents. Trichostatin A (TSA), a classical HDAC inhibitor, has been demonstrated to induce cell cycle arrest, promote cell apoptosis, and inhibit metastasis. However, the molecular mechanism underlying TSA function has not been fu...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.05.643
更新日期:2013-07-31 00:00:00
abstract::Dermal toxicity of the new multi-insect repellent N,N-diethylphenylacetamide (DEPA) was studied in female rabbits. LD50 of DEPA was estimated to be 3505 mg/kg b.w. On daily topical application for 21 d at a dose of 50 mg/kg b.w., dermal irritancy score and blood chemistry changes indicated that the compound is non-irr...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(89)90160-4
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Because coarse mode particles are rarely studied in their existing size ranges (greatest mass about 5-7 microns, aerodynamic diameter), we investigated the effects of four such particles, quartz, ferric oxide, calcium carbonate, and sodium feldspar, on host defenses against bacterial pulmonary infection. Mice which re...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(83)90263-1
更新日期:1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The distribution of mercury to the brain following an injection of methylmercury (MeHg) or ethylmercury (EtHg) was examined in immature mice. Postnatal day (PND) 16 CD1 mice received MeHg chloride either by IM injection or by gavage. At 24 h and 7 days post-injection, total mercury concentrations were determined in bl...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2004.07.014
更新日期:2004-12-30 00:00:00
abstract::Dietary administration of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP; 2%) to male rats caused testicular atrophy. Serum non-esterified fatty acid increased while cholesterol, triglyceride and phospholipid decreased in treated rats. Testicular concentration of cholesterol and non-esterified fatty acid increased in DEHP-treated ra...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(84)90011-0
更新日期:1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bisphenol A (BPA) is a potential endocrine disruptor. It has been shown that it can interfere with steroid biosynthesis and metabolism. However, the mechanism is unclear. The objective of the present study is to investigate the effects of BPA on two isoforms of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (11β-HSD1 and 11β-HSD2)...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.10.002
更新日期:2012-11-30 00:00:00
abstract::Lithocholic acid (LCA) supplementation in the diet results in intrahepatic cholestasis and bile infarcts. Previously we showed that an innate immune response is critical for cholestatic liver injury in the bile duct ligated mice. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the role of neutrophils in the mechani...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.04.001
更新日期:2014-07-03 00:00:00
abstract::The liver, which is the major organ responsible for the metabolism of drugs and toxic chemicals, is also the primary target organ for many toxic chemicals. Increasing evidence has indicated that inflammatory processes are intimately involved in chemical-induced hepatotoxic processes, and like other inflammatory diseas...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0378-4274(01)00284-3
更新日期:2001-03-31 00:00:00