Abstract:
:Cryptosporidial infections in severe combined immune deficient (SCID) mice produce a chronic disease state which in the later stages leads to extraintestinal involvement and hepatic dysfunction. To further characterize the infection dynamics in this model and monitor the changes in the hepatic system, a dose titration of the oocyst inoculum was performed and alkaline phosphatase levels in the sera were assayed. Ten SCID mice per dose were inoculated with 10(3), 10(4), 10(5), 10(6), or 10(7) oocysts. Oocyst shedding in the feces was quantified by microscopic enumeration. Mice inoculated with 10(6) oocysts and those inoculated with 10(7) oocysts demonstrated similar oocyst shedding patterns, but the 10(7)-oocyst group exhibited signs of distress (e.g., weight loss and icterus) earlier. The intensity of the infection increased markedly approximately 14 days postinoculation (p.i.) and continued to increase steadily over the next 6 weeks. Inoculation with lower oocyst doses produced a delay in patency (e.g., it occurred 7 days later with the 10(5)-oocyst inoculum and 14 days later with the 10(4)-oocyst inoculum). Mean serum alkaline phosphatase levels in the 10(7)-oocyst group were more than twice control values at 5 weeks p.i. and continued to increase over the next 8 weeks. Oocyst doses and alkaline phosphatase levels were positively correlated with hepatobiliary colonization (r = 0.71) and liver necrosis (r = 0.65) at 13 weeks p.i. A strong positive correlation between hepatobiliary colonization and liver necrosis at 13 weeks p.i. (r = 0.87) was observed.
journal_name
Infect Immunjournal_title
Infection and immunityauthors
Mead JR,Ilksoy N,You X,Belenkaya Y,Arrowood MJ,Fallon MT,Schinazi RFdoi
10.1128/IAI.62.5.1691-1695.1994subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-05-01 00:00:00pages
1691-5issue
5eissn
0019-9567issn
1098-5522journal_volume
62pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Pseudomonas aeruginosa invades various epithelial cell types in vitro and in vivo. The P. aeruginosa genome possesses a gene (flhA) which encodes a protein that is believed to be part of the export apparatus for flagellum assembly and which is homologous to invA of Salmonella spp. Because invA is required for invasion...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.69.8.4931-4937.2001
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Murine embryo fibroblasts (MEF) were found to secrete tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in response to stimulation with endotoxin. Endotoxin-induced TNF production by MEF was inhibited by cycloheximide. However, reversal of the effect of this inhibitor on protein synthesis results in TNF being secreted in amounts equivalent...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.61.5.1630-1635.1993
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Impaired erythropoiesis causes anemia during genetic disorders, chronic disease, and infection. In studies of the underlying mechanisms researchers have increasingly focused on gamma interferon (IFN-gamma). Here, we identified a previously unrecognized role for interleukin-15 (IL-15) in red blood cell homeostasis and ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.01836-06
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heat-labile enterotoxins from Escherichia coli strains of porcine and human origin polymerize on heating to form high-molecular-weight aggregates, "procoligenoids," analogous to procholeragenoid derived from the cholera enterotoxin. This aggregation is accompanied by loss of biological activity (toxicity). Further hea...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.45.2.518-521.1984
更新日期:1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this report, we demonstrate that the variable antigens present on the surface of Plasmodium knowlesi-infected erythrocytes could not be found on the surface of merozoites. A number of technical problems had to be solved to make such a comparative study possible, including the purification of merozoites by affinity ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.33.1.275-284.1981
更新日期:1981-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::AMA-1 of Plasmodium falciparum is a promising candidate antigen in malaria vaccine development. In this study, we have mapped the immunodominant T-cell determinants in this antigen by using synthetic peptides. From the amphipathic scores, 17 putative T-cell determinants were identified. Nine of the 17 peptides complem...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.64.3.1054-1059.1996
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genetic resistance to lethal infection with Rickettsia tsutsugamushi was studied in over 30 inbred strains, inbred hybrids, and outbred stocks of mice. Inbred mice infected intraperitoneally with the Gilliam strain of R. tsutsugamushi showed three patterns of response: susceptible (A/HeJ, C3H/HeDub, C3H/HeJ, C3H/HeN, ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.19.2.583-588.1978
更新日期:1978-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exposure of hamster tracheal rings in organ culture to virulent Mycoplasma pneumoniae organisms leads to alterations in macromolecular biosynthesis and metabolic activity of the respiratory epithelial cells. Avirulent organisms derived from the same parent strain do not produce these effects. During the course of infe...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.11.4.704-710.1975
更新日期:1975-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Citrobacter rodentium, an attaching-effacing bacterial pathogen, establishes an acute infection of the murine colonic epithelium and induces a mild colitis in immunocompetent mice. This study describes the role of T-cell subsets and B lymphocytes in immunity to C. rodentium. C57Bl/6 mice orally infected with C. rodent...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.71.9.5077-5086.2003
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Expression of the Vwa+ phenotype of Yersinia pestis in vitro is known to reflect maximum induction of virulence (or V and W antigens) at 37 degrees C with concomitant restriction of cell division. Both phenomena are potentiated by 20 mM Mg2+ and prevented by cultivation at 26 or 37 degrees C with 2.5 mM Ca2+. We have ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.40.1.166-171.1983
更新日期:1983-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Protective immunity in mice to the infective third-stage larvae (L3) of Strongyloides stercoralis was shown to be dependent on immunoglobulin M (IgM), complement activation, and granulocytes. The objectives of the present study were to determine whether IgG was also a protective antibody isotype and to define the spec...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.71.12.6835-6843.2003
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the effect of a pH 4-treated human immunoglobulin preparation for intravenous use (pH4-G) on the production of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in vivo. The level of TNF-alpha in the sera of rabbits receiving pH4-G before lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection was lower than that in rabbits receivin...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.58.5.1384-1390.1990
更新日期:1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tritium-labeled, water-soluble components of Streptococcus pyogenes type M6 absorbed to cardiac tissue in vitro. Tissue binding was time dependent, saturable, and reversible. Chromatography of the crude bacterial extract on Bio-Gel P-300 indicated a molecular weight greater than 300,000 for the heart-binding component...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.35.1.335-342.1982
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We identified a T-cell determinant of the 35-kDa antigen of Mycobacterium leprae which is discriminatory against cross-sensitization by its closely related homologue in Mycobacterium avium. From synthetic peptides covering the entire sequence, those with the highest affinity and permissive binding to purified HLA-DR m...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.67.3.1501-1504.1999
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Streptococcus pyogenes secretes a specific immunoglobulin G (IgG)-protease, SpeB, as well as the IgG glycan-hydrolyzing enzyme EndoS. Here we show that SpeB also degrades IgA, IgM, IgD, and IgE. We also show that EndoS only hydrolyzes the glycan moiety on native but not denatured IgG. Thus, SpeB has a broad immunoglob...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.69.11.7187-7189.2001
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Immune responses in the guinea pig model are understudied because of a lack of commercial reagents. We have developed a custom-made guinea pig oligonucleotide microarray (81 spots) and have examined the gene expression profile of splenocytes restimulated in vitro from Mycobacterium bovis BCG-vaccinated and naive anima...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.74.2.1436-1441.2006
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Yersinia pestis, the agent of plague, has arisen from a less virulent pathogen, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, by a rapid evolutionary process. Although Y. pestis displays a large number of virulence phenotypes, it is not yet clear which of these phenotypes descended from Y. pseudotuberculosis and which were acquired in...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.71.10.5892-5899.2003
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Archival gastric tissues from 10 of 39 gnotobiotic piglets colonized with Helicobacter pylori 26695 contained stromal leukocytic inflammation along with ulcers and erosions. In contrast, gastric tissues from 54 archival control piglets were devoid of both inflammation and ulcers. These data confirm the hypothesis that...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.63.6.2352-2355.1995
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Comparisons of the course of coccidioidomycosis in two strains of inbred mice established that BALB/c mice are significantly more susceptible to pulmonary infection with Coccidioides immitis than are DBA/2 mice. The susceptibility of BALB/c mice does not reside in their inability to mount a delayed-type hypersensitivi...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.56.1.13-17.1988
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three MudJ prototrophs demonstrated that intracellular replication is a Salmonella virulence trait (K. Y. Leung and B. B. Finlay, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 88:11470-11474, 1991). mutS and mutH are disrupted in mutants 3-11 and 12-23, and ssaQ is disrupted in mutant 17-21. Further analysis revealed that loss of Salmo...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.71.4.2247-2252.2003
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous examination of thin sections of L929 cells heavily infected with the Q fever Priscilla isolate by conventional transmission electron microscopy indicated that the rickettsiae resided within multiple vacuoles. The present study using high-voltage electron microscopy and three-dimensional reconstruction reveale...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.61.10.4485-4488.1993
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Peptidoglycans of organisms belonging to the strictly anaerobic family Bacteroidaceae were investigated for the presence of lanthionine. Different procedures for the quantitation of lanthionine were compared. Performic acid and peroxide oxidation procedures on 35S-labeled peptidoglycan from Fusobacterium nucleatum Fev...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.36.1.114-122.1982
更新日期:1982-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human systemic antibody levels to oral members of the Bacteroides genus were assessed with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Antibody levels to B. gingivalis, two homology groups of B. intermedius, B. melaninogenicus, B. denticola, B. loescheii, B. corporis, B. oralis, B. buccae, and B. gracilis were determined in...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.51.2.507-513.1986
更新日期:1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Borrelia burgdorferi, a tick-borne bacterial pathogen, causes a disseminated infection involving multiple organs known as Lyme disease. Surface proteins can directly participate in microbial virulence by facilitating pathogen dissemination via interaction with host factors. We show here that a fraction of the B. burgd...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.05671-11
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Minicells are small, anucleate cells resulting from aberrant cell divisions at the polar ends of bacilli. We have isolated minicell-producing mutant strains of Shigella flexneri 2a (MC-I) and Shigella dysenteriae 1 (MC-V) after mutagenesis with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. Microscopically, broth cultures of M...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.30.1.297-302.1980
更新日期:1980-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) is an emerging cause of diarrheal illness. Clinical data suggest that diarrhea caused by EAEC is predominantly secretory in nature, but the responsible enterotoxin has not been described. Work from our laboratories has implicated a ca. 108-kDa protein as a heat-labile enteroto...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.66.7.3155-3163.1998
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lactoferrin (Lf) is an iron-binding antimicrobial protein present in milk and on mucosal surfaces, with a suggested role in preimmune host defense. Certain strains of Escherichia coli (bacterial whole cells) demonstrate specific interaction with 125I-labeled Lf. A band with a mass of approximately 37 kDa, which was re...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.62.4.1236-1240.1994
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A recombinant 23-kDa protein (rBPI23) derived from human bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI) possesses potent endotoxin-neutralizing abilities in vitro and in vivo. Binding of rBPI23 to those endotoxins (lipopolysaccharides [LPSs]) encountered clinically would be a prerequisite for efficacy in decreasin...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.62.8.3564-3567.1994
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Isolated outer membranes of Borrelia burgdorferi 297 were utilized to obtain partial amino acid sequence information for a low-molecular-weight, outer membrane-associated polypeptide. Degenerate oligonucleotide primers based upon this information were used to amplify a 100-bp probe for detection of the corresponding f...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.65.2.412-421.1997
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The antigenic relationship of glucosyltransferases (GTF) produced by different serotypes of Streptococcus mutans was studied by using a functional inhibition assay. Rat, rabbit, or hamster immune fluids, directed to cell-associated or supernatant-derived GTF, were tested against ammonium sulfate-precipitated culture s...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.15.1.91-103.1977
更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00