Abstract:
:Minicells are small, anucleate cells resulting from aberrant cell divisions at the polar ends of bacilli. We have isolated minicell-producing mutant strains of Shigella flexneri 2a (MC-I) and Shigella dysenteriae 1 (MC-V) after mutagenesis with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. Microscopically, broth cultures of MC-I and MC-V were found to contain free minicells, normal cells, and filamentous cells with polar, attached minicells. Both strains retained their ability to provoke keratoconjunctivitis in guinea pigs and to invade HeLa cells. Purified suspensions of minicells containing less than one whole cell per 10(6) minicells were obtained by a combination of differential sedimentation and density gradient centrifugation (5 to 30% [wt/vol] linear sucrose gradients). Each MC-I minicell contained about 0.005 times the amount of deoxyribonucleic acid of one normal S. flexneri. The MC-V minicell had about 0.003 times the amount of deoxyribonucleic acid of one whole S. dysenteriae cell. Purified MC-V minicells were treated with polymyxin B to release Shiga toxin. Shiga toxin was readily detected in MC-V minicells by means of a microtiter HeLa cell cytotoxicity assay. Our findings indicate that such a minicell-producing alteration in the cell division cycle of shigellae has not significantly affected their virulence.
journal_name
Infect Immunjournal_title
Infection and immunityauthors
Gemski P,Griffin DEdoi
10.1128/IAI.30.1.297-302.1980subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1980-10-01 00:00:00pages
297-302issue
1eissn
0019-9567issn
1098-5522journal_volume
30pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Tularemia is caused by the Gram-negative bacterial pathogen Francisella tularensis Infection of macrophages and their subsequent death are believed to play important roles in the progression of disease. Because complement is a particularly effective opsonin for Francisella, we asked whether complement-dependent uptake...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00424-17
更新日期:2017-09-20 00:00:00
abstract::Infection with mycobacterial species, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis, has long been implicated in the etiopathology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) on the basis of clinical and pathological similarities between tuberculosis and RA. Despite evidence of immune responses to mycobacterial antigens in RA patient synovia...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.69.3.1821-1831.2001
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Resistance to phagocytosis is a hallmark of virulent Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococcus). Surface-bound C5a peptidase reduces recruitment of phagocytes to the site of infection, and hyaluronic acid capsules and/or the M protein limit the uptake of streptococci. In this study the relative impact of M and M-l...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.66.11.5399-5405.1998
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We developed a human inhibition monoclonal enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (HIMELISA) to investigate the human immune response to the lipooligosaccharides (LOS) of Neisseria meningitidis. Monoclonal antibodies (MAb) were used to define seven epitopes on four LOS molecules of a meningococcal strain (126E) previously ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.58.7.2204-2213.1990
更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In meningococcal septic shock, the dominant inducer of inflammation is lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the outer membrane of Neisseria meningitidis, while interleukin-10 (IL-10) is the principal anti-inflammatory cytokine. We have used microarrays and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis to study the global effects of IL-10 on gene...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00386-12
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD) protein 1 (NOD1) and NOD2 are pathogen recognition receptors that sense breakdown products of peptidoglycan (PGN) (muropeptides). It is shown that a number of these muropeptides can induce tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) gene expression without significant TNF-al...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.01597-06
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oral treponemes are considered to be important in the development and progression of periodontal diseases. We investigated the mechanisms of recognition and activation of human gingival epithelial cells (HGEC) with the oral treponemes Treponema denticola, Treponema vincentii, and Treponema medium and their outer membr...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.71.2.717-725.2003
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Escherichia coli isolates from patients with bacteriuria of pregnancy were compared by PCR with isolates from patients with community-acquired cystitis for the presence of established virulence determinants. The strains from patients with bacteriuria of pregnancy were less likely to carry genes for P-family, S-family,...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.69.2.794-799.2001
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Variable subregions within the variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) coat displayed by African trypanosomes are predicted sites for T- and B-cell recognition. Hypervariable subregion 1 (HV-1) is localized to an internal amphipathic alpha helix in VSG monomers and may have evolved due to selective pressure by host T-cell ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00729-08
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Brucella organisms are intracellular stealth pathogens of animals and humans. The bacteria overcome the assault of innate immunity at early stages of an infection. Removal of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) at the onset of adaptive immunity against Brucella abortus favored bacterial elimination in mice. This was ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00118-19
更新日期:2019-04-23 00:00:00
abstract::Infection of C57BL/6 mice with the third-stage larvae of Brugia pahangi results in a rapid expansion of NK1.1(+) T cells in the spleen and draining lymph nodes. NK T cells produced interleukin-4 in the spleen within 24 h of infection, and these cells were CD4(-). ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.70.4.2215-2219.2002
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adhesion of Trichomonas vaginalis is believed to be dependent on four adhesion proteins, which are thought to bind to vaginal epithelial cells in a specific manner with a ligand-receptor type of interaction. However, the specific receptors on the host cell have not yet been identified. In this work, the ability of the...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.68.7.4358-4360.2000
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cathepsin G (CatG) is a serine protease found in the azurophilic granules of monocytes that is known to have antimicrobial properties, but its role in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection is unknown. We found that M. tuberculosis infection of human THP-1 monocytic cells induced the down-regulation of CatG mRNA express...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.72.10.5712-5721.2004
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rabbits are not usually susceptible to intestinal Shigella infection without extensive pretreatment, including starvation and administration of antimicrobial, antimotility, and toxic agents (carbon tetrachloride). Most animals infected this way die rapidly and do not always develop colonic lesions and signs of dysente...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.63.11.4350-4357.1995
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Chagas' disease parasite Trypanosoma cruzi commonly infects humans through skin abrasions or mucosa from reduviid bug excreta. Yet most studies on animal models start with subcutaneous or intraperitoneal injections, a distant approximation of the skin abrasion route. We show here that atraumatic placement of T. cr...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.01434-08
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Streptococcus pneumoniae contains an inhibitor of human neutrophil elastase. The agent does not inhibit other proteases, including neutrophil cathepsin G and pancreatic elastase. It is active in the presence of insoluble elastin as well as synthetic elastase substrates. The inhibitor is present in the pneumococcal cel...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.49.1.52-60.1985
更新日期:1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vibrio vulnificus is an oyster-associated bacterial pathogen that causes life-threatening fulminating septicemia and necrotizing wound infections in humans. The capsular polysaccharide of V. vulnificus (VvPS) is critical for virulence. Previously we showed that active immunization of mice with a VvPS-tetanus toxoid (V...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.64.6.2220-2224.1996
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi is a human-restricted Gram-negative bacterial pathogen responsible for causing an estimated 27 million cases of typhoid fever annually, leading to 217,000 deaths, and current vaccines do not offer full protection. The O-antigen side chain of the lipopolysaccharide is an immunodominant...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.01021-16
更新日期:2017-03-23 00:00:00
abstract::Antibiotic-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates constitute a great clinical challenge. One important resistance mechanism in K. pneumoniae is the metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs), which require zinc for their function. Thus, zinc chelation could be a strategy to resensitize K. pneumoniae to β-lactams. However, the pote...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00756-19
更新日期:2019-12-17 00:00:00
abstract::Infection of inbred mouse strains with Borrelia burgdorferi results in the development of experimental Lyme arthritis. The degree of arthritic pathology has been suggested to correlate with the level of spirochete burden within tissues. To investigate this further, we infected resistant DBA/2 (DBA) and susceptible C3H...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.66.5.2065-2071.1998
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Murine hybridoma cell lines were developed which synthesized monoclonal antibodies against Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans-associated antigens. Monoclonal antibodies specific for an antigen(s) common to all A. actinomycetemcomitans isolates tested but not detected on other gram-negative oral plaque microorganisms...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.56.5.1394-1398.1988
更新日期:1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell type 1 (TREM-1) is a cell surface molecule that has been identified on both human and murine polymorphonuclear neutrophils and mature monocytes. The activation of TREM-1 in the presence of microbial components amplifies the inflammatory response and may be responsible ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.74.5.2823-2830.2006
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genetic defects in the Rab27a or Munc13-4 gene lead to immunodeficiencies in humans, characterized by frequent viral and bacterial infections. However, the role of Rab27a and Munc13-4 in the regulation of systemic inflammation initiated by Gram-negative bacterium-derived pathogenic molecules is currently unknown. Usin...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.05043-11
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The immunogenicity of the two major group 19 pneumococcal polysaccharides, types 19F and 19A, was studied in human volunteers. Antibody responses after vaccination with either 50 micrograms of type 19F polysaccharide, 50 micrograms of type 19A polysaccharide, or 25 micrograms of both polysaccharides premixed in a sing...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.36.3.1261-1262.1982
更新日期:1982-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied seven strains of group G streptococci isolated from clinically severe bacteremic infections in six intravenous drug abusers. These group G strains multiplied luxuriantly in fresh human blood. On electron microscopy, they exhibited surface fibrillae similar to those observed in M-protein-rich group A strepto...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.55.3.753-757.1987
更新日期:1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::An antigen recognized by monoclonal antibody specific for Bacteroides gingivalis was purified in the presence of 0.5% (wt/vol) beta-octyl-glucoside by immunoadsorbent column chromatography. The purified antigen was homogeneous as judged by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and silver...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.53.2.366-371.1986
更新日期:1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Salmonella spp. and Shigella spp. are responsible for millions of cases of enteric disease each year worldwide. While these pathogens have evolved distinct strategies for interacting with the human intestinal epithelium, they both induce significant proinflammatory responses that result in massive transepithelial migr...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00407-08
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A chimeric recombinant protein composed of the lktA gene product from Pasteurella haemolytica fused to bovine interleukin-2 (IL-2) was made. The LKT-IL-2 chimera was compared with recombinant bovine IL-2 with regard to the ability to induce proliferative responses and LAK cell activity in bovine peripheral blood monon...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.60.2.565-570.1992
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A nasal vaccine, consisting of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) from group B Neisseria meningitidis, was given to 12 volunteers in the form of nose drops or nasal spray four times at weekly intervals, with a fifth dose 5 months later. Each nasal dose consisted of 250 microg of protein, equivalent to 10 times the intramu...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.66.4.1334-1341.1998
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human gingival fibroblasts were exposed in culture to cell extracts of different black-pigmented Bacteroides species, and their growth was monitored by determining thymidine uptake and counting cells. Of the Bacteroides species tested (B. gingivalis, B. asaccharolyticus, and B. intermedius), B. gingivalis gave the ext...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.55.1.201-205.1987
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00