Epithelial immaturity and multiorgan failure in mice lacking epidermal growth factor receptor.

abstract：:The TE1 family of transposable elements (TEs) of Drosophila consists of unusually large transposons, cytologically visible in larval polytene chromosomes as one or more bands. They are composite elements, as their termini consist of foldback (FB) sequences which are themselves transposable. The location of FB elements...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Chia W,McGill S,Karp R,Gubb D,Ashburner M

更新日期：1985-07-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The properties of synapses between retinal neurons make an essential contribution to early visual processing. Light produces a graded hyperpolarization in photoreceptors, up to 25 mV in amplitude, and it is conventionally assumed that all of this response range is available for coding visual information. We report her...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Attwell D,Borges S,Wu SM,Wilson M

更新日期：1987-08-06 00:00:00

abstract：:HIV-1 protease processes the Gag and Gag-Pol polyproteins into mature structural and functional proteins, including itself, and is therefore indispensable for viral maturation. The mature protease is active only as a dimer with each subunit contributing catalytic residues. The full-length transframe region protease pr...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Tang C,Louis JM,Aniana A,Suh JY,Clore GM

更新日期：2008-10-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Thermoelectric energy harvesting-the transformation of waste heat into useful electricity-is of great interest for energy sustainability. The main obstacle is the low thermoelectric efficiency of materials for converting heat to electricity, quantified by the thermoelectric figure of merit, ZT. The best available n-ty...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Rhyee JS,Lee KH,Lee SM,Cho E,Kim SI,Lee E,Kwon YS,Shim JH,Kotliar G

更新日期：2009-06-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Acyclovir (9-[2-hydroxyethoxymethyl]guanine or ACV) is a nucleoside analogue with considerable potential for the treatment of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections in man. Two virus-coded enzymes are important in the mechanism of action of this drug: thymidine kinase (TK) which initiates its activation by converting i...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Darby G,Field HJ,Salisbury SA

更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The canonical Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway governs diverse developmental, homeostatic and pathological processes. Palmitoylated Wnt ligands engage cell-surface frizzled (FZD) receptors and LRP5 and LRP6 co-receptors, enabling β-catenin nuclear translocation and TCF/LEF-dependent gene transactivation. Mutations in ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yan KS,Janda CY,Chang J,Zheng GXY,Larkin KA,Luca VC,Chia LA,Mah AT,Han A,Terry JM,Ootani A,Roelf K,Lee M,Yuan J,Li X,Bolen CR,Wilhelmy J,Davies PS,Ueno H,von Furstenberg RJ,Belgrader P,Ziraldo SB,Ordonez H,H

更新日期：2017-05-11 00:00:00

abstract：:One of the most exciting events in recent years in molecular biology was the discovery of the left-handed Z form of the DNA double helix. Originally found in linear self-complementary d(GC)x . d(GC)x polymers and oligomers in non-physiological conditions (a rather high salt concentration), it was recently shown to be ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Frank-Kamenetskii MD,Vologodskii AV

更新日期：1984-02-02 00:00:00

abstract：:We have shown previously that chromosome VI of Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains nine origins of DNA replication that differ in initiation frequency and replicate sequentially during the S phase of the cell cycle. Here we show that there are links between activation of these multiple origins and regulation of S-phase ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Shirahige K,Hori Y,Shiraishi K,Yamashita M,Takahashi K,Obuse C,Tsurimoto T,Yoshikawa H

更新日期：1998-10-08 00:00:00

abstract：:The CD4 molecule is a high-affinity cell-surface receptor for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) and a soluble truncated form of CD4 produced by recombinant DNA technology is a potent inhibitor of HIV-1 replication and HIV-1-induced cell fusion in vitro. Rhesus monkeys infected with the simian immunodeficiency v...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Watanabe M,Reimann KA,DeLong PA,Liu T,Fisher RA,Letvin NL

更新日期：1989-01-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Intracellular Ca2+ signalling processes are fundamental to muscle contraction, neurotransmitter release, cell growth and apoptosis. Release of Ca2+ from the intracellular stores is supported by a series of ion channels in sarcoplasmic or endoplasmic reticulum (SR/ER). Among them, two isoforms of the trimeric intracell...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yang H,Hu M,Guo J,Ou X,Cai T,Liu Z

更新日期：2016-10-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Using visual information to guide behaviour requires storage in a temporary buffer, known as visual short-term memory (VSTM), that sustains attended information across saccades and other visual interruptions. There is growing debate on whether VSTM capacity is limited to a fixed number of objects or whether it is vari...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Xu Y,Chun MM

更新日期：2006-03-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Owing to their scientific and technological importance, inorganic single crystals with highly reactive surfaces have long been studied. Unfortunately, surfaces with high reactivity usually diminish rapidly during the crystal growth process as a result of the minimization of surface energy. A typical example is titaniu...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yang HG,Sun CH,Qiao SZ,Zou J,Liu G,Smith SC,Cheng HM,Lu GQ

更新日期：2008-05-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Parkinson's disease is characterized by loss of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra1. Similar to other major neurodegenerative disorders, there are no disease-modifying treatments for Parkinson's disease. While most treatment strategies aim to prevent neuronal loss or protect vulnerable neuronal circuits, a poten...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Qian H,Kang X,Hu J,Zhang D,Liang Z,Meng F,Zhang X,Xue Y,Maimon R,Dowdy SF,Devaraj NK,Zhou Z,Mobley WC,Cleveland DW,Fu XD

更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been associated with more than 780,000 deaths worldwide (as of 20 August 2020). To develop antiviral interventions quickly, drugs used for the treatment of unrelated diseases are curre...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hoffmann M,Mösbauer K,Hofmann-Winkler H,Kaul A,Kleine-Weber H,Krüger N,Gassen NC,Müller MA,Drosten C,Pöhlmann S

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The origin of eukaryotes stands as a major conundrum in biology. Current evidence indicates that the last eukaryotic common ancestor already possessed many eukaryotic hallmarks, including a complex subcellular organization. In addition, the lack of evolutionary intermediates challenges the elucidation of the relative ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Pittis AA,Gabaldón T

更新日期：2016-03-03 00:00:00

abstract：:A short, 14-amino-acid segment called SP1, located in the Gag structural protein1, has a critical role during the formation of the HIV-1 virus particle. During virus assembly, the SP1 peptide and seven preceding residues fold into a six-helix bundle, which holds together the Gag hexamer and facilitates the formation o...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Dick RA,Zadrozny KK,Xu C,Schur FKM,Lyddon TD,Ricana CL,Wagner JM,Perilla JR,Ganser-Pornillos BK,Johnson MC,Pornillos O,Vogt VM

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cells operate in dynamic environments using extraordinary communication capabilities that emerge from the interactions of genetic circuitry. The mammalian immune response is a striking example of the coordination of different cell types. Cell-to-cell communication is primarily mediated by signalling molecules that for...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Tay S,Hughey JJ,Lee TK,Lipniacki T,Quake SR,Covert MW

更新日期：2010-07-08 00:00:00

abstract：:The protein coding sequences of most eukaryotic messenger RNA precursors (pre-mRNAs) are interrupted by non-coding sequences called introns. Pre-mRNA splicing is the process by which introns are removed and the protein coding elements assembled into mature mRNAs. Alternative pre-mRNA splicing selectively joins differe...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Maniatis T,Tasic B

更新日期：2002-07-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Villin is an actin-binding protein of relative molecular mass (Mr) 95,000 found in the core bundle of microfilaments in brush border microvilli from intestine. In physiological calcium concentrations (less than 1 microM), villin crosslinks actin filaments into bundles. However, in free calcium concentrations (greater ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Matsudaira P,Jakes R,Walker JE

更新日期：1985-05-16 00:00:00

abstract：:For plants, the sensing of light in the environment is as important as vision is for animals. Fluctuations in light can be crucial to competition and survival. One way plants sense light is through the phytochromes, a small family of diverse photochromic protein photoreceptors whose origins have been traced to the pho...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Smith H

更新日期：2000-10-05 00:00:00

abstract：:When we reach towards an object that suddenly appears in our peripheral visual field, not only does our arm extend towards the object, but our eyes, head and body also move in such a way that the image of the object falls on the fovea. Popular models of how reaching movements are programmed have argued that while the ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Goodale MA,Pelisson D,Prablanc C

更新日期：1986-04-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The Gram-negative bacterium Yersinia pestis is the causative agent of the systemic invasive infectious disease classically referred to as plague, and has been responsible for three human pandemics: the Justinian plague (sixth to eighth centuries), the Black Death (fourteenth to nineteenth centuries) and modern plague ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Parkhill J,Wren BW,Thomson NR,Titball RW,Holden MT,Prentice MB,Sebaihia M,James KD,Churcher C,Mungall KL,Baker S,Basham D,Bentley SD,Brooks K,Cerdeño-Tárraga AM,Chillingworth T,Cronin A,Davies RM,Davis P,Dougan G,

更新日期：2001-10-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Transcriptional activator proteins (activators) function, at least in part, by increasing preinitiation complex assembly (for reviews see refs 1-4). Previous studies have shown that an acidic activator forms a contact with the general transcription factor TFIIB (refs 5-7) and recruits it into the preinitiation complex...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Roberts SG,Green MR

更新日期：1994-10-20 00:00:00

abstract：:In 1994, two independent groups extracted DNA from several Pleistocene epoch mammoths and noted differences among individual specimens. Subsequently, DNA sequences have been published for a number of extinct species. However, such ancient DNA is often fragmented and damaged, and studies to date have typically focused ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Miller W,Drautz DI,Ratan A,Pusey B,Qi J,Lesk AM,Tomsho LP,Packard MD,Zhao F,Sher A,Tikhonov A,Raney B,Patterson N,Lindblad-Toh K,Lander ES,Knight JR,Irzyk GP,Fredrikson KM,Harkins TT,Sheridan S,Pringle T,Schuste

更新日期：2008-11-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite the continued increase in atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations, the annual-mean global temperature has not risen in the twenty-first century, challenging the prevailing view that anthropogenic forcing causes climate warming. Various mechanisms have been proposed for this hiatus in global warming, but thei...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kosaka Y,Xie SP

更新日期：2013-09-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Immune-challenged vertebrate females transfer specific antibodies to their offspring, but this gratuitous immunity cannot operate in invertebrates. Here we show that constitutive immune defence is enhanced in sexual offspring of the bumble-bee Bombus terrestris L. when the parental colony is immune-challenged. Our fin...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Moret Y,Schmid-Hempel P

更新日期：2001-11-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Lecithin is a major structural component of biological membranes. Because of their amphipathic nature, lecithin and related phospholipids tend to aggregate as bilayer structures in which the hydrophilic head groups are orientated towards the surface and the hydrophobic hydrocarbon chains towards the interior. A detail...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Pearson RH,Pascher I

更新日期：1979-10-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Fullerenes are graphitic cage structures incorporating exactly twelve pentagons. The smallest possible fullerene is thus C20, which consists solely of pentagons. But the extreme curvature and reactivity of this structure have led to doubts about its existence and stability. Although theoretical calculations have ident...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Prinzbach H,Weiler A,Landenberger P,Wahl F,Worth J,Scott LT,Gelmont M,Olevano D,v. Issendorff B

更新日期：2000-09-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Within the substantia nigra, the dendrites of dopaminergic neurons that project to the striatum appear to play an active and nonclassical role in the physiology of the neuron in that they release transmitter and protein, but little is known of the factors controlling release of substances from these dendrites. In this...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Nedergaard S,Bolam JP,Greenfield SA

更新日期：1988-05-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The snowball Earth hypothesis postulates that the planet was entirely covered by ice for millions of years in the Neoproterozoic era, in a self-enhanced glaciation caused by the high albedo of the ice-covered planet. In a hard-snowball picture, the subsequent rapid unfreezing resulted from an ultra-greenhouse event at...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Sansjofre P,Ader M,Trindade RI,Elie M,Lyons J,Cartigny P,Nogueira AC

更新日期：2011-10-05 00:00:00