Abstract:
:The bacterial pathogen Clostridium difficle synthesizes two high-molecular-weight toxins (A and B), which exhibit toxic effects in vivo and in vitro. Here, we present evidence that the major intracellular targets of these two toxins are the Rho GTPases. Overexpression of RhoA, RhoB, or RhoC GTPases in transfected HeLa cells conferred an increased resistance to toxins A and B, indicating that these toxins cause their cytopathic effects primarily by affecting Rho proteins. In addition, toxin A and B treatment appeared to result in modification of Rho, since Rho isolated from toxin-treated cells had a decreased ability to be ADP-ribosylated by Clostridium botulinum C3 exoenzyme. In contrast, the lethal toxin (LT) of Clostridium sordellii, although structurally and immunologically related to C. difficile toxin B, appeared to induce cytopathic effects independently of the Rho GTPases. Overexpression of RhoA in transfected HeLa cells did not protect them from the effect of LT, and Rho isolated from lysates of LT-treated cells was not resistant to modification by C3. Immunofluorescence studies showed that LT treatment caused a cytopathic effect that was very different from those described for C. difficile toxins A and B, resulting in an increase in cortical F-actin, with a concomitant decrease in the number of stress fibers, and in the formation of numerous microvilli containing the actin-bundling protein fimbrin/plastin.
journal_name
Infect Immunjournal_title
Infection and immunityauthors
Giry M,Popoff MR,von Eichel-Streiber C,Boquet Pdoi
10.1128/IAI.63.10.4063-4071.1995subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-10-01 00:00:00pages
4063-71issue
10eissn
0019-9567issn
1098-5522journal_volume
63pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Antiprotein monoclonal antibodies derived from mice inoculated with Rickettsia rickettsii heated at 56 degrees C for 15 min are of two types: one is type specific for epitopes denatured by moderate temperatures, and the other is specific for epitopes resistant to 100 degrees C for 5 min. The heat-resistant epitopes ar...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.55.3.825-827.1987
更新日期:1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Onchocerca volvulus, a human parasitic nematode, is the third leading cause of preventable blindness worldwide. This study describes the molecular cloning of a novel superoxide dismutase (SOD) from the parasite. This putative O. volvulus extracellular SOD (OvEcSOD) is 628 nucleotides (nt) long, including a 22-nt 5' sp...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.62.2.713-716.1994
更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antibody to Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin was detected in human sera by using a cytotoxicity-neutralization assay. Serum antitoxin was present in high titer in all 14 patients who recovered from serious pseudomonas infections (log2 of 50% neutralization titer, mean +/- standard deviation = 6.0 +/- 1.2). In contrast,...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.14.4.942-947.1976
更新日期:1976-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We found that oral immunization with flagellum-defective mutant strains of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium with the ClpXP-deficient background protected mice against oral challenge with the virulent strain. These data indicate that Salmonella flagellin is not a dominant protective antigen in oral immunization ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.72.4.2449-2451.2004
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Respiratory epithelial cells play an active part in the host response to respiratory pathogens, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, by releasing chemokines responsible for neutrophil recruitment. In order to investigate the role of specific pneumococcal virulence factors in eliciting CXC chemokine responses, type II pne...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00954-06
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have shown that a member of the 70-kDa heat shock protein (Hsp70) family is a major target of the humoral immune response during Leishmania donovani infection. A recombinant fusion protein was recognized by sera from 92% (35 of 38) of patients with visceral leishmaniasis, including representatives from each of the ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.60.7.2688-2693.1992
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fibrosis is a significant complication of intestinal disorders associated with microbial dysbiosis and pathobiont expansion, notably Crohn's disease (CD). Mechanisms that favor fibrosis are not well understood, and therapeutic strategies are limited. Here we demonstrate that colitis-susceptible Il10-deficient mice dev...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00587-19
更新日期:2019-10-18 00:00:00
abstract::Culture fluids after growth of Mycobacterium bovis BCG on Sauton medium contain actively secreted proteins and proteins released by bacterial lysis. BCG culture fluids and sonicates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium paratuberculosis were tested after separation by gel filtration and sodium dodecyl sulfat...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.66.1.289-296.1998
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Salivary gland lysates of the sand fly Lutzomyia longipalpis markedly enhance the course of infection with Leishmania major in mice. Here we examine various parameters of this phenomenon. The exacerbative effect of L. longipalpis salivary gland lysates occurred in five different mouse strains; however, the character o...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.59.5.1592-1598.1991
更新日期:1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fonsecaea pedrosoi is a fungal pathogen that produces melanin. The functions of melanin and its possible influence in the protective immunological response during infection by F. pedrosoi are not known. In this work, treatment of F. pedrosoi mycelia with proteases and glycosidases followed by a denaturing agent and ho...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.72.1.229-237.2004
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Production of the Kanagawa hemolysin by patient strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus was found to respond to the pH rather than to the type of carbohydrate present in the growth medium. Regardless of the carbohydrate present, hemolysin production in peptone broth cultures occurred only when the pH was between 6.5 and 5....
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.34.1.115-119.1981
更新日期:1981-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Immunization with Plasmodium sporozoites can elicit high levels of sterile immunity, and neutralizing antibodies from protected hosts are known to target the repeat region of the circumsporozoite (CS) protein on the parasite surface. CS-based subunit vaccines have been hampered by suboptimal immunogenicity and the req...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00263-13
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spleen cell cultures from guinea pigs given legionella pneumophila vaccine in complete Freund adjuvant or as a sublethal infection were inhibited in their migration activity in vitro when incubated with specific antigen. Both direct and indirect migration inhibition assays revealed sensitization of the guinea pigs to ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.41.3.1132-1137.1983
更新日期:1983-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The facultative intracellular bacterial pathogen Listeria monocytogenes induces severe fetal infection during pregnancy. Little is known about the molecular mechanisms allowing the maternofetal transmission of bacteria. In this work, we studied fetoplacental invasion by infecting mice with various mutants lacking viru...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.01570-06
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The formation of water-insoluble glucan by extracellular glucosyltransferase from Streptococcus mutans 6715 found to be greatly stimulated by various mono- or divalent cations. An enzyme preparation, obtained by ethanol fractionation, was able to catalyze the formation of water-insoluble glucan from sucrose in the pre...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.23.3.564-570.1979
更新日期:1979-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) binding protein (LBP) is an acute-phase protein that enhances the responsiveness of immune cells to LPS by virtue of its capacity to transfer LPS to CD14. To determine the role of LBP in the innate immune response to peritonitis, LBP gene-deficient (LBP(-/-)) and normal wild-type mice were int...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.71.12.6747-6753.2003
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The guinea pig migration inhibition technique, an accepted in vitro correlate of delayed hypersensitivity, has been adapted to a murine system. Peritoneal exudate cells from CF-1 mice vaccinated with viable cells of the H37Ra strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis were inhibited in vitro by purified protein derivative (...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.7.2.190-195.1973
更新日期:1973-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have recently reported Bacillus anthracis attenuated live vaccine strains efficiently expressing recombinant protective antigen (rPA) and have shown a direct correlation between the level of rPA secreted by these cells and efficacy (S. Cohen, I. Mendelson, Z. Altboum, D. Kobiler, E. Elhanany, T. Bino, M. Leitner, I...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.71.2.801-813.2003
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Actinomyces viscosus ATCC 15987 was examined for the presence of cell-associated levan by absorption of myeloma proteins with antilevan activity and direct immunofluorescence. Levan was not detectable on the surface of glucose-grown A. viscosus, but after a brief incubation of these cells with 5% sucrose, they were en...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.19.2.711-719.1978
更新日期:1978-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mannose-resistant, Proteus-like (MR/P) fimbria, responsible for mannose-resistant hemagglutination, is a virulence factor for uropathogenic Proteus mirabilis. Based on known fimbrial gene organization, we postulated that MrpG, a putative minor subunit of the MR/P fimbria, functions as an adhesin responsible for he...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.65.4.1327-1334.1997
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Immunization with ribosomal preparations from Haemophilus influenzae type b elicited protective immunity in mice. Ribosomes from disrupted cells where isolated by differential centrifugation using sodium dodecyl sulfate. The washed ribosomes contained 25% protein and 75% ribonucleic acid and sedimented as a single pea...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.15.2.453-460.1977
更新日期:1977-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::To determine whether an ongoing response to Leishmania major would affect the response to a non-cross-reacting, non-leishmanial antigen, susceptible BALB/c mice and resistant C3H mice were infected with L. major parasites expressing Escherichia coli beta-galactosidase (beta-GAL); this parasite was designated L. major-...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.68.2.809-814.2000
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Invasive aspergillosis is a major threat for patients suffering from chronic granulomatous disease (CGD). Although Aspergillus fumigatus is the most commonly encountered Aspergillus species, the presence of A. nidulans appears to be disproportionately high in CGD patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00921-10
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antibody levels in sera and respiratory secretions and resistance to respiratory infections were examined in mice given live infuenza virus in small-particle (2 mum) aerosols, large-particle (10 mum) aerosols, intraperitoneally, and subcutaneously. After parenteral administration antibody was found primarily in the se...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.13.3.696-703.1976
更新日期:1976-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Macrophages can undergo apoptosis after infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This macrophage response deprives the bacillus of its niche cell and supports the host response through better antigen presentation. The intracellular pathways of apoptosis that elaborate this macrophage response are not well understood...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.01107-06
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The microbicidal myeloperoxidase (MPO)-H2O2-chloride system strongly inhibits Escherichia coli DNA synthesis. Also, cell envelopes from MPO-treated E. coli cells lose their ability to interact with hemimethylated DNA sequences of oriC, the chromosomal origin of replication, raising the prospect that suppression of DNA...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.66.6.2655-2659.1998
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Strains of Cryptococcus neoformans vary in resistance to phagocytosis in vitro. The binding of isolated capsular polysaccharide (CPS) to a capsule-free mutant of C. neoformans confers resistance to phagocytosis. The importance of capsule composition to differences among strains in susceptibility to phagocytosis was ev...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.57.12.3751-3756.1989
更新日期:1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A total of 224 strains were serogrouped by coagglutination (COA) and serotyped by protein I enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Of these strains, 61 were from patients with disseminated gonococcal infection, 21 were from patients with pelvic inflammatory disease, and 115 were from patients with uncomplicated go...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.35.1.229-239.1982
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antisera were produced by inoculation of mycoplasma cells grown in PPLO broth supplemented with rabbit serum alone or rabbit serum plus Freund complete or incomplete adjuvant. By using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunoglobulin G antibodies to cholesterol were detected in antisera to mycoplasmas (Mycoplasma ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.59.6.2200-2202.1991
更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Yersinia pestis causes bubonic, pneumonic, and septicemic plague, diseases that are rapidly lethal to most mammals, including humans. Plague develops as a consequence of bacterial neutralization of the host's innate immune response, which permits uncontrolled growth and causes the systemic hyperactivation of the infla...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00570-17
更新日期:2017-10-18 00:00:00