Abstract：
:A short-term initiation/promotion bioassay has been developed in rat liver using putative preneoplastic foci as the endpoint for the detection of chemical carcinogens. The two protocols of the bioassay used in this study were varied according to the time 2/3 partial hepatectomy was performed in relation to when the initiator or test substance was given. After 7 weeks of promotion with phenobarbital in the drinking water, the rats were killed and the liver was sectioned, stained and scored for gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGTase)-positive foci. The appearance of GGTase-positive foci was taken as an indication of initiation of carcinogenesis by the chemical. Acetylaminofluorene (AAF), aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), diethylnitrosamine (DENA), 7,12-dimethylbenzo(a)anthracene, (DMBA), dimethylhydrazine (DMH), dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) and urethane were positive in the assay, while benzene and N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) were negative. Phenobarbital promoted the response of AAF, AFB1, BaP, DENA, DMBA, DMH and DMN. Partial hepatectomy 24 h prior to initiation increased the response of AAF, BaP, DENA, DMBA and DMH. The initiation/promotion assay in rat liver which includes (1) partial hepatectomy at 24 h prior to administering the test chemical; (2) phenobarbital promotion, and (3) GGTase-positive foci as an indication of carcinogenic activity: appears to be sensitive to a wide variety of chemical carcinogens.
journal_name
Toxicol Lettjournal_title
Toxicology lettersauthors
Herren SL,Pereira MA,Britt AL,Khoury MKdoi
10.1016/0378-4274(82)90177-1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1982-07-01 00:00:00pages
143-50issue
2-3eissn
0378-4274issn
1879-3169pii
0378-4274(82)90177-1journal_volume
12pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Reactivity of phenoxyl radicals towards biomolecules (proteins, nucleic acids and lipids) is essential for antioxidant (protective) versus prooxidant (cytotoxic) effects of phenolic compounds (antioxidants, phytochemicals, environmental pollutants and toxic chemicals). The present study demonstrates for the first time...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(96)03767-8
更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Toxicity of a compound for an organism is dependent on the route of exposure, the amount (or concentration), the way in which the compound is taken up, distributes and is eliminated from the organism (ADME, kinetics) and the intrinsic properties (reactivity; mode of action, dynamics) of the compound towards the organi...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0378-4274(02)00367-3
更新日期：2003-02-18 00:00:00
abstract：:Cynomolgus monkeys showed no measurable adverse effects following inhalation of 500 ppm dimethylformamide (DMF), 6 h/d, 5 d/wk, for 2 weeks either when exposed whole-body or head-only (one monkey per exposure route). Measurement of DMF concentrations into and out of the head-only exposure unit along with measurement o...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(91)90076-i
更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(87)90184-6
更新日期：1987-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0378-4274(98)00192-1
更新日期：1998-11-23 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.04.008
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(90)90042-k
更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2011-06-10 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.09.022
更新日期：2012-01-05 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 共识发展会议,杂志文章
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更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.07.015
更新日期：2013-10-24 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(96)03671-5
更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(95)03569-9
更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.07.019
更新日期：2018-10-15 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.09.011
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lead (Pb) alters the susceptibility to different pathogens suggesting that macrophage-mediated defense mechanisms, through activation of toll-like receptors (TLRs), may be affected by Pb. The aim of this study was to test whether activation of TLR4 is a targeted molecule to the effect of environmentally relevant Pb co...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.09.009
更新日期：2012-11-15 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(94)90108-2
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1998-12-28 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0378-4274(98)00343-9
更新日期：1998-12-28 00:00:00
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journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2004.02.009
更新日期：2004-05-02 00:00:00
abstract：:Free fatty acids (FFA), commonly elevated in diabetes and obesity, have been shown to impair endothelial functions and cause oxidative stress, inflammation, and insulin resistance. Anthocyanins represent one of the most important and interesting classes of flavonoids and seem to play a role in preventing cardiovascula...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.09.020
更新日期：2015-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Interstitial pulmonary fibrosis is characterized by an abnormal accumulation of fibroblasts with a resultant increase in lung collagen content. Previous research has implied a possible involvement of the T-lymphocyte in this process. We used cyclosporin A (Cy A), a known immunosuppressant, to deplete T-lymphocyte-depe...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(85)90162-6
更新日期：1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oral administration of stannous chloride (SnCl2) (1.0 mg Sn2$/kg body weight) to rats, twice daily for 28 days, caused a significant increase in the tin (Sn) content and a corresponding decrease of the calcium (Ca) content in the femoral epiphysis, but was without effect on serum Ca, intestinal Ca absorption, and urin...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-4274(82)90259-4
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We previously reported that NR2E3, an orphan nuclear receptor, plays an important role in maintaining the basal expression of estrogen receptor α (ER) and that the NR2E3 level is highly correlated with the relapse-free survival of breast cancer patients. Here, we investigated the role of NR2E3 in benzo(a)pyrene (BaP)-...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.06.1708
更新日期：2015-09-17 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:The popularity of new and emerging tobacco products such as E-cigarettes (E-cigs) is rapidly expanding worldwide. However, uncertainties surrounding the potential health consequences due to the use of such products exist and warrant further study. METHODS:Cultured A549 and Calu-3 airway epithelia were expose...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.11.017
更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Effects of isoflavones on estrogen sensitive tissues are discussed controversially. This study was designed to investigate tissue specific effects of an isoflavone exposure through different periods of life in female Wistar rats and to compare the effects of genistein (GEN) to those of mixed dietary isoflavones, GEN a...
journal_title：Toxicology letters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.08.019
更新日期：2009-12-15 00:00:00
