Mutations that alter the transmission of chloroplast genes in Chlamydomonas.

abstract：:The importance of founder events in promoting evolutionary changes on islands has been a subject of long-running controversy. Resolution of this debate has been hindered by a lack of empirical evidence from naturally founded island populations. Here we undertake a genetic analysis of a series of historically documente...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Clegg SM,Degnan SM,Kikkawa J,Moritz C,Estoup A,Owens IP

更新日期：2002-06-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The lck gene encodes a membrane-associated protein tyrosine kinase (p56lck) that is believed to participate in lymphocyte-specific signal transduction pathways. To investigate the function of this molecule, transgenic mice were generated carrying the wild-type lck gene or a mutated lck gene encoding a constitutively a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Abraham KM,Levin SD,Marth JD,Forbush KA,Perlmutter RM

更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two objects with homologous landmarks are said to be of the same shape if the configuration of landmarks of one object can be exactly matched with that of the other by translation, rotation/reflection, and scaling. In an earlier paper, the authors proposed statistical analysis of shape by considering logarithmic diffe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rao CR,Suryawanshi S

更新日期：1998-04-14 00:00:00

abstract：:RNA helicases play roles in various essential biological processes such as RNA splicing and editing. Recent in vitro studies show that RNA helicases are involved in immune responses toward viruses, serving as viral RNA sensors or immune signaling adaptors. However, there is still a lack of in vivo data to support the ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wang Y,He K,Sheng B,Lei X,Tao W,Zhu X,Wei Z,Fu R,Wang A,Bai S,Zhang Z,Hong N,Ye C,Tian Y,Wang J,Li M,Zhang K,Li L,Yang H,Li HB,Flavell RA,Zhu S

更新日期：2021-01-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Pyrrolysine (Pyl), the 22nd natural amino acid and genetically encoded by UAG, becomes attached to its cognate tRNA by pyrrolysyl-tRNA synthetase (PylRS). We have determined three crystal structures of the Methanosarcina mazei PylRS complexed with either AMP-PNP, Pyl-AMP plus pyrophosphate, or the Pyl analogue N-epsil...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kavran JM,Gundllapalli S,O'Donoghue P,Englert M,Söll D,Steitz TA

更新日期：2007-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The observed intensities of the reflections from the body-centered cubic phase of lipid systems are shown to be incompatible with a recently reported model consisting of straight, indefinitely long rods. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Luzzati V,Tardieu A,Gulik-Krzywicki T

更新日期：1981-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Y chromosomes control essential male functions in many species, including sex determination and fertility. However, because of obstacles posed by repeat-rich heterochromatin, knowledge of Y chromosome sequences is limited to a handful of model organisms, constraining our understanding of Y biology across the tree of l...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hall AB,Papathanos PA,Sharma A,Cheng C,Akbari OS,Assour L,Bergman NH,Cagnetti A,Crisanti A,Dottorini T,Fiorentini E,Galizi R,Hnath J,Jiang X,Koren S,Nolan T,Radune D,Sharakhova MV,Steele A,Timoshevskiy VA,Windbich

更新日期：2016-04-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Estradiol-17beta administration to young (10- to 12-week-old) rabbits to produce the "estrogen-dominated" uterus increased the uterine contractile response to both oxytocin and methacholine in vitro. In "progesterone-dominated" uteri, obtained from rabbits that received progesterone for 4 days after estrogen pretreatm...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nissenson R,Fluoret G,Hechter O

更新日期：1978-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The qualities of perception depend not only on the sensory inputs but also on the brain state before stimulus presentation. Although the collective evidence from neuroimaging studies for a relation between prestimulus state and perception is strong, the interpretation in the context of sensory computations or decision...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kayser SJ,McNair SW,Kayser C

更新日期：2016-04-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Synaptic transmission depends on the continued availability of neurotransmitter-filled synaptic vesicles (SVs) for triggered release from presynaptic boutons. Surprisingly, small boutons in the brain, that already contain comparatively few SVs, are thought to retain the majority of these SVs in a "reserve" pool that i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ikeda K,Bekkers JM

更新日期：2009-02-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The structure of HIV-1 Psi-RNA has been elucidated by a concerted approach combining structural probes with mass spectrometric detection (MS3D), which is not affected by the size and crystallization properties of target biomolecules. Distance constraints from bifunctional cross-linkers provided the information require...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yu ET,Hawkins A,Eaton J,Fabris D

更新日期：2008-08-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Cleavage of precursor proteins occurs during assembly of numerous viruses. Seven bacteriophage T4 head-related proteins areknown to be cleaved during morphogenesis. Sequences surrounding the cleavage sites in T4 head precursors P23 and IPIII are reported here. We previously determined the sequences of precursor and pr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Isobe T,Black LW,Tsugita A

更新日期：1976-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is known from a variety of experimental systems that the ability of tumor cells to grow locally and metastasize can be affected by the presence of adjacent normal tissues and cells, particularly mesenchymally derived stromal cells such as fibroblasts. However, the comparative influence of such normal cell-tumor cel...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cornil I,Theodorescu D,Man S,Herlyn M,Jambrosic J,Kerbel RS

更新日期：1991-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Relatively little is known about neurobiological changes attributable to early-life stressors (e.g., orphanage rearing), even though they have been associated with a heightened risk for later psychopathology. Human neuroimaging and animal studies provide complementary insights into the neural basis of problem behavior...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Malter Cohen M,Jing D,Yang RR,Tottenham N,Lee FS,Casey BJ

更新日期：2013-11-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The vast majority of biologists engaged in evolutionary studies interpret virtually every aspect of biodiversity in adaptive terms. This narrow view of evolution has become untenable in light of recent observations from genomic sequencing and population-genetic theory. Numerous aspects of genomic architecture, gene st...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lynch M

更新日期：2007-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Whole-cell voltage clamp was used to investigate the properties and spatial distribution of fast-deactivating (FD) Ca channels in squid giant fiber lobe (GFL) neurons. Squid FD Ca channels are reversibly blocked by the spider toxin omega-Agatoxin IVA with an IC50 of 240-420 nM with no effect on the kinetics of Ca chan...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： McFarlane MB,Gilly WF

更新日期：1996-05-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Representations of the (infinite) canonical anticommutation relations and the associated operator algebra, the fermion algebra, are studied. A "coupling constant" (in (0,1]) is defined for primary states of "finite type" of that algebra. Primary, faithful states of finite type with arbitrary coupling are constructed a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kadison RV

更新日期：1998-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：:In animals, fatty acid desaturases catalyze key reactions in the synthesis of arachidonic acid and other polyunsaturated fatty acids. A search of the Caenorhabditis elegans DNA databases, using the sequences of Arabidopsis genes, identified several putative desaturases. Here we describe the characterization of the fir...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Spychalla JP,Kinney AJ,Browse J

更新日期：1997-02-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Bves is an integral membrane protein with no determined function and no homology to proteins outside of the Popdc family. It is widely expressed throughout development in myriad organisms. Here, we demonstrate an interaction between Bves and guanine nucleotide exchange factor T (GEFT), a GEF for Rho-family GTPases. Th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Smith TK,Hager HA,Francis R,Kilkenny DM,Lo CW,Bader DM

更新日期：2008-06-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Epilepsy is characterized by recurrent synchronizations of neuronal activity, which are both a cardinal clinical symptom and a debilitating phenomenon. Although the temporal dynamics of epileptiform synchronizations are well described at the macroscopic level using electrophysiological approaches, less is known about ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Feldt Muldoon S,Soltesz I,Cossart R

更新日期：2013-02-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Addition of Na+ to Na+-depleted Swiss 3T3 cells causes a rapid and dramatic increase in intracellular pH, as monitored by uptake of the weak acid 5,5-dimethyloxazolidine-2,4-dione. The effect of Na+ is concentration dependent (half-maximal effect at 38 mM); this cation can be replaced by Li+ but not by K+ or the choli...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schuldiner S,Rozengurt E

更新日期：1982-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A cDNA sequence coding for murine granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) has been isolated from a cDNA library prepared with mRNA derived from murine fibrosarcoma NFSA cells, which produce G-CSF constitutively. Identification of murine G-CSF cDNA was based on the cross-hybridization with human G-CSF cDNA under ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tsuchiya M,Asano S,Kaziro Y,Nagata S

更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) and Angelman syndrome (AS) result from the loss of function of imprinted genes in human chromosome 15q11-q13. The central part of mouse chromosome 7 is homologous to human 15q11-q13, with conservation of both gene order and imprinted features. We report here the characterization of a transg...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gabriel JM,Merchant M,Ohta T,Ji Y,Caldwell RG,Ramsey MJ,Tucker JD,Longnecker R,Nicholls RD

更新日期：1999-08-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Spinach chloroplasts were found to contain three forms of cytochrome b(559) that have the same alpha-peak at 559 nm, but are distinguished from one another by their oxidation-reduction potentials. The high-potential (H) form (E(m) about 330-350 mV) is reducible by hydroquinone, the middle-potential (M) form (E(m) abou...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wada K,Arnon DI

更新日期：1971-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability of antibodies to extravasate out of blood vessels is critical for therapeutic activity, because molecular targets for most diseases are located outside of the endothelial lining. By performing detailed biodistribution studies with a novel IL9-armed cancer-specific antibody, we identified a clear correlatio...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Venetz D,Hess C,Lin CW,Aebi M,Neri D

更新日期：2015-02-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The distribution of dopamine-containing processes in the striatum of fetal and neonatal cats was studied by immunohistochemical and glyoxylic acid histofluorescence methods and compared to the distribution of acetylcholinesterase (acetylcholine acetylhydrolase, EC 3.1.1.7) observed by thiocholine histochemistry in the...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Graybiel AM,Pickel VM,Joh TH,Reis DJ,Ragsdale CW Jr

更新日期：1981-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:P-glycoprotein is an ATP-binding cassette multidrug transporter that actively transports chemically diverse substrates across the lipid bilayer. The precise molecular mechanism underlying transport is not fully understood. Here, we present crystal structures of a eukaryotic P-glycoprotein homolog, CmABCB1 from Cyanidi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kodan A,Yamaguchi T,Nakatsu T,Sakiyama K,Hipolito CJ,Fujioka A,Hirokane R,Ikeguchi K,Watanabe B,Hiratake J,Kimura Y,Suga H,Ueda K,Kato H

更新日期：2014-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The configuration of the heme-carbonyl group upon binding of carbon monoxide to sperm whale myoglobin (Mb) in crystals is evaluated on the basis of infrared spectroscopic methods. Multiplets of the totally symmetric C-O stretching mode are observed for the heme-bound ligand near 1933, 1944, and 1967 cm-1, correspondin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Makinen MW,Houtchens RA,Caughey WS

更新日期：1979-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have isolated and characterized the complete human villin gene. The villin gene is located on chromosome 2q35-36 in humans and on chromosome 1 in mice. Villin belongs to a family of calcium-regulated actin-binding proteins that share structural and functional homologies. The villin gene is expressed mainly in cells...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pringault E,Robine S,Louvard D

更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the apoptotic role of caspases has been largely understood, accumulating evidence in Drosophila suggests that caspases also control other processes than apoptotic cell death. However, how caspases contribute to the development of the mammalian nervous system remains obscure. Here, we provide unique evidence t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ohsawa S,Hamada S,Kuida K,Yoshida H,Igaki T,Miura M

更新日期：2010-07-27 00:00:00