Abstract:
:Whole-cell voltage clamp was used to investigate the properties and spatial distribution of fast-deactivating (FD) Ca channels in squid giant fiber lobe (GFL) neurons. Squid FD Ca channels are reversibly blocked by the spider toxin omega-Agatoxin IVA with an IC50 of 240-420 nM with no effect on the kinetics of Ca channel gating. Channels with very similar properties are expressed in both somatic and axonal domains of cultured GFL neurons, but FD Ca channel conductance density is higher in axonal bulbs than in cell bodies at all times in culture. Channels presumably synthesized during culture are preferentially expressed in the growing bulbs, but bulbar Ca conductance density remains constant while Na conductance density increases, suggesting that processes determining the densities of Ca and Na channels in this extrasomatic domain are largely independent. These observations suggest that growing axonal bulbs in cultured GFL neurons are not composed entirely of "axonal" membranes because FD Ca channels are absent from the giant axon in situ but, rather, suggest a potential role for FD Ca channels in mediating neurotransmitter release at the motor terminals of the giant axon.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
McFarlane MB,Gilly WFdoi
10.1073/pnas.93.10.5067subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-05-14 00:00:00pages
5067-71issue
10eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
93pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Many current treatments for the reclamation of contaminated water sources are chemical-intensive, energy-intensive, and/or require posttreatment due to unwanted by-product formation. We demonstrate that through the integration of nanostructured materials, enzymatic catalysis, and iron-catalyzed free radical reactions ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1101144108
更新日期:2011-05-24 00:00:00
abstract::The rat calbindin D-9k gene is transcriptionally regulated by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in the intestine. We have examined the 5'-flanking region of this gene and identified a 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-responsive element (DRE) between nucleotides -489 and -445. This element confers 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 responsivenes...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.89.2.603
更新日期:1992-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::The restoration of planar cell polarity is an essential but poorly understood step toward physiological recovery during sensory-organ regeneration. Investigating this issue in the lateral line of the zebrafish, we found that hair cells regenerate in pairs along a single axis established by the restricted localization ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0608536103
更新日期:2006-12-05 00:00:00
abstract::Mutations of MECP2 (Methyl-CpG Binding Protein 2) cause Rett syndrome. As a chromatin-associated multifunctional protein, how MeCP2 integrates external signals and regulates neuronal function remain unclear. Although neuronal activity-induced phosphorylation of MeCP2 at serine 421 (S421) has been reported, the full sp...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0811648106
更新日期:2009-03-24 00:00:00
abstract::To better understand the roles of Sm proteins in forming the cores of many RNA-processing ribonucleoproteins, we determined the crystal structure of an atypical Sm-like archaeal protein (SmAP3) in which the conserved Sm domain is augmented by a previously uncharacterized, mixed alpha/beta C-terminal domain. The struct...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0538042100
更新日期:2003-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Many and diverse modifications of the myosin subfragment 1 (S-1) increase (modulate) its ATPase activity, including interaction of this particle with actin; a recent addition to these modifications is the extensive lysine modification of S-1 that seems prerequisite to crystallizing it for structure analysis. In this s...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.18.8665
更新日期:1994-08-30 00:00:00
abstract::Phytochrome is the photoreceptor that controls red light-mediated morphogenesis in higher plants. It exists in two photointerconvertible forms, a red light-absorbing form, Pr, and a far-red light-absorbing form, Pfr. Because photoconversion of Pr to Pfr by a brief light pulse decreases the in vivo half-life of this ch...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.84.2.359
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The degeneracy of the genetic code allows nucleic acids to encode amino acid identity as well as noncoding information for gene regulation and genome maintenance. The rare arginine codons AGA and AGG (AGR) present a case study in codon choice, with AGRs encoding important transcriptional and translational properties d...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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更新日期:2016-09-20 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.1.177
更新日期:1994-01-04 00:00:00
abstract::Yeast fatty acid synthetase consists of two multifunctional proteins, alpha and beta, which are arranged in a complex of alpha(6)beta(6). Electron microscopic studies of this complex led to a model for the synthetase as an ovate structure consisting of an equatorial plate-like structure to which six arches are equally...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.77.8.4544
更新日期:1980-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2007-10-09 00:00:00
abstract::Class Ib Qa-2 molecules are expressed in tissue culture cells as approximately 40-kDa membrane-bound, glycophosphatidylinositol-linked antigens and as approximately 39-kDa soluble polypeptides. Recently, alternative splicing events which delete exon 5 from a portion of Qa-2 transcripts were demonstrated to give rise t...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.5.1883
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Utrophin levels have recently been shown to be more abundant in slow vs. fast muscles, but the nature of the molecular events underlying this difference remains to be fully elucidated. Here, we determined whether this difference is due to the expression of utrophin A or B, and examined whether transcriptional regulato...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0932671100
更新日期:2003-06-24 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.87.7.2550
更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1809355115
更新日期:2018-10-23 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.24.11388
更新日期:1994-11-22 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2004-12-21 00:00:00
abstract::When spores of the anaerobic bacterium Clostridium novyi-NT are systemically injected into animals, they germinate exclusively within the hypoxic regions of cancers. The germinated bacteria destroy adjacent tumor cells but spare a rim of well oxygenated tumor cells that subsequently expand. Surprisingly, we found that...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1984-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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更新日期:2006-10-24 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2004-08-10 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1424795112
更新日期:2015-04-14 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.71.4.1413
更新日期:1974-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::HIV protease inhibitors are a key component of anti-retroviral therapy, but their susceptibility to cytochrome P(450) metabolism reduces their systemic availability and necessitates repetitive dosing. Importantly, failure to maintain adequate inhibitor levels is believed to provide an opportunity for resistance to eme...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0805375106
更新日期:2009-02-03 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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doi:10.1073/pnas.83.15.5620
更新日期:1986-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0800520105
更新日期:2008-09-02 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2012003117
更新日期:2020-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::The adult repertoire of antibody specificities is acquired in a developmentally programmed fashion that, in mouse and man, parallels the ordered rearrangement of a limited number of germ-line heavy chain variable region (VH) gene segments during development. It has been hypothesized that this developmental bias is a c...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.89.21.10430
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Mediator complex forms the bridge between transcriptional activators and RNA polymerase II. Mediator subunit Med1/TRAP220 is a key component of Mediator originally found to associate with nuclear hormone receptors. Med1 deficiency causes lethality at embryonic day 11.5 because of defects in heart and placenta deve...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0604494103
更新日期:2006-12-05 00:00:00