Mortality traps and the dynamics of health transitions.

abstract：:Nascent precursors of phosphatidylinositol-glycan (PI-G)-linked membrane proteins contain a hydrophobic COOH-terminal sequence of 15-30 residues that is eliminated during processing to yield a newly exposed COOH terminus to which the PI-G moiety is added. There is no consensus as to the primary structure of the termin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Micanovic R,Kodukula K,Gerber LD,Udenfriend S

更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Phenylglyoxal is an arginine-specific reagent that inactivates creatine kinase (CK). Previous results suggest that modification of the dimeric enzyme at a single arginine residue per subunit causes complete inactivation accompanied by the loss of nucleotide binding; the actual site of modification was not identified. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wood TD,Guan Z,Borders CL Jr,Chen LH,Kenyon GL,McLafferty FW

更新日期：1998-03-31 00:00:00

abstract：:To generate transgenic planarians we used a set of versatile vectors for animal transgenesis based on the promiscuous transposons, mariner, Hermes and piggyBac, and a universal enhanced GFP (EGFP) marker system with three Pax6 dimeric binding sites, the 3xP3-EGFP developed by Berghammer et al. [Berghammer, A. J., Klin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： González-Estévez C,Momose T,Gehring WJ,Saló E

更新日期：2003-11-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Patchy particles with shape complementarity can serve as building blocks for assembling colloidal superstructures. Alternatively, encoding information on patches using DNA can direct assembly into a variety of crystalline or other preprogrammed structures. Here, we present a tool where DNA is used both to engineer sha...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Diaz A JA,Oh JS,Yi GR,Pine DJ

更新日期：2020-05-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Although sunlight provides the energy necessary for plants to survive and grow, light can also damage reaction centers of photosystem II (PSII) and reduce photochemical efficiency. To prevent damage, plants possess photoprotective mechanisms that dissipate excess excitation. A subset of these mechanisms is collectivel...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Leonelli L,Brooks MD,Niyogi KK

更新日期：2017-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:cis-jasmone, or (Z)-jasmone, is well known as a component of plant volatiles, and its release can be induced by damage, for example during insect herbivory. Using the olfactory system of the lettuce aphid to investigate volatiles from plants avoided by this insect, (Z)-jasmone was found to be electrophysiologically ac...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Birkett MA,Campbell CA,Chamberlain K,Guerrieri E,Hick AJ,Martin JL,Matthes M,Napier JA,Pettersson J,Pickett JA,Poppy GM,Pow EM,Pye BJ,Smart LE,Wadhams GH,Wadhams LJ,Woodcock CM

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An increase in free Ca2+ triggers exocytosis in pituitary nerve terminals leading to an increase in membrane area and membrane capacitance. When Ca2+ is increased by step depolarization, an instantaneous capacitance increase during the first 80 ms is followed by a slow increase extending over several seconds. We measu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rosenboom H,Lindau M

更新日期：1994-06-07 00:00:00

abstract：:We deal with the issue of quantifying and optimizing the rotation dynamics of synthetic molecular motors. For this purpose, the continuous four-stage rotation behavior of a typical light-activated molecular motor was measured in detail. All reaction constants were determined empirically. Next, we developed a Markov mo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Geertsema EM,van der Molen SJ,Martens M,Feringa BL

更新日期：2009-10-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Some patients with a lesion to the primary visual cortex (V1) show "blindsight": the remarkable ability to guess correctly about attributes of stimuli presented to the blind hemifield. Here, we show that blindsight can be induced in normal observers by using transcranial magnetic stimulation of the occipital cortex bu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jolij J,Lamme VA

更新日期：2005-07-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Positive-strand RNA viruses are the largest virus class and include many pathogens such as hepatitis C virus and the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS). Brome mosaic virus (BMV) is a representative positive-strand RNA virus whose RNA replication, gene expression, and encapsidation have been reproduce...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kushner DB,Lindenbach BD,Grdzelishvili VZ,Noueiry AO,Paul SM,Ahlquist P

更新日期：2003-12-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Clostridium difficile has rapidly emerged as the leading cause of antibiotic-associated diarrheal disease, with the transcontinental spread of various PCR ribotypes, including 001, 017, 027 and 078. However, the genetic basis for the emergence of C. difficile as a human pathogen is unclear. Whole genome sequencing was...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： He M,Sebaihia M,Lawley TD,Stabler RA,Dawson LF,Martin MJ,Holt KE,Seth-Smith HM,Quail MA,Rance R,Brooks K,Churcher C,Harris D,Bentley SD,Burrows C,Clark L,Corton C,Murray V,Rose G,Thurston S,van Tonder A,Walker D

更新日期：2010-04-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Serotonin (5-HT) plays a critical role in modulating synaptic plasticity in the marine mollusc Aplysia and in the mammalian nervous system. In Aplysia sensory neurons, 5-HT can activate several signal cascades, including PKA and PKC, presumably via distinct types of G protein-coupled receptors. However, the molecular ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lee YS,Choi SL,Lee SH,Kim H,Park H,Lee N,Lee SH,Chae YS,Jang DJ,Kandel ER,Kaang BK

更新日期：2009-08-25 00:00:00

abstract：:S-Adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase (SAHH) is a key enzyme in transmethylation reactions that use S-adenosylmethionine as the methyl donor. Because of the importance of SAHH in a number of S-adenosylmethionine-dependent transmethylation reactions, particularly the 5' capping of mRNA during viral replication, SAHH has bee...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Masuta C,Tanaka H,Uehara K,Kuwata S,Koiwai A,Noma M

更新日期：1995-06-20 00:00:00

abstract：:To test whether a 30S ribosomal subunitformylmethionyl-tRNA-mRNA complex is an obligatory intermediate in protein synthesis, 70S ribosomes from Escherichia coli were crosslinked with the bifunctional imidoester, dimethylsuberimidate. Crosslinked ribosomes contained covelently joined 30S and 50S subunits, as judged by ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Slobin LI

更新日期：1972-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glycosylation is one of the most common posttranslational modifications to occur in protein biosynthesis, yet its effect on the thermodynamics and kinetics of proteins is poorly understood. A minimalist model based on the native protein topology, in which each amino acid and sugar ring was represented by a single bead...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shental-Bechor D,Levy Y

更新日期：2008-06-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Insulin activates sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) in liver, thereby increasing fatty acid and triglyceride synthesis. We created a line of transgenic rats that produce epitope-tagged human SREBP-1c in liver under control of the constitutive apolipoprotein E promoter/enhancer. This system allows...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Owen JL,Zhang Y,Bae SH,Farooqi MS,Liang G,Hammer RE,Goldstein JL,Brown MS

更新日期：2012-10-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Efficient and productive virus infection often requires viral countermeasures that block innate immunity. The IFN-inducible 2',5'-oligoadenylate (2-5A) synthetases (OASs) and ribonuclease (RNase) L are components of a potent host antiviral pathway. We previously showed that murine coronavirus (MHV) accessory protein n...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhang R,Jha BK,Ogden KM,Dong B,Zhao L,Elliott R,Patton JT,Silverman RH,Weiss SR

更新日期：2013-08-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Marriage in many traditional societies often concerns the institutionalized exchange of reproductive partners among groups of kin. Such exchanges most often involve cross-cousins-marriage with the child of a parent's opposite-sex sibling-but it is unclear who benefits from these exchanges. Here we analyze the fitness ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chagnon NA,Lynch RF,Shenk MK,Hames R,Flinn MV

更新日期：2017-03-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Rivers around the world are being regulated by dams to accommodate the needs of a rapidly growing global population. These regulatory efforts usually oppose the natural tendency of rivers to flood, move sediment, and migrate. Although an economic benefit, river regulation has come at unforeseen and unevaluated cumulat...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Trush WJ,McBain SM,Leopold LB

更新日期：2000-10-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Steroidogenic factor-1 (SF-1) and liver receptor homologue-1 (LRH-1) belong to the fushi tarazu factor 1 subfamily of nuclear receptors. SF-1 is an essential factor for sex determination during development and regulates adrenal and gonadal steroidogenesis in the adult, whereas LRH-1 is a critical factor for developmen...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wang W,Zhang C,Marimuthu A,Krupka HI,Tabrizizad M,Shelloe R,Mehra U,Eng K,Nguyen H,Settachatgul C,Powell B,Milburn MV,West BL

更新日期：2005-05-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Marine ecosystems are sensitive to stochastic environmental variability, with higher-amplitude, lower-frequency--i.e., "redder"--variability posing a greater threat of triggering large ecosystem changes. Here we show that fluctuations in the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) index have slowed down markedly over the ob...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Boulton CA,Lenton TM

更新日期：2015-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The properties of the virus synthesized by each of three morphologically different cell lines originating from DBA/2J fetal liver cells transformed by the anemic strain of Friend leukemia virus in vitro were analyzed. The cells of line G-1 are malignant in syngeneic DBA/2 mice, grow in suspension, and are erythroid in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tsuei D,Pogo BG,Friend C

更新日期：1980-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rat liver polysomal RNA was translated in the rabbit reticulocyte lysate and in the wheat germ cell-free protein-synthesizing systems, using [(35)S]methionine as label. The catalase (hydrogen-peroxide:hydrogen-peroxide oxidoreductase, EC 1.11.1.6) that was synthesized was isolated by immunoprecipitation and characteri...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Robbi M,Lazarow PB

更新日期：1978-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mismatch repair contributes to genetic stability, and inactivation of the mammalian pathway leads to tumor development. Mismatch correction occurs by an excision-repair mechanism and has been shown to depend on the 5' to 3' hydrolytic activity exonuclease 1 (Exo1) in eukaryotic cells. However, genetic and biochemical ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kadyrov FA,Genschel J,Fang Y,Penland E,Edelmann W,Modrich P

更新日期：2009-05-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The utilization of the isoaccepting species of leucyl-tRNA in protein synthesis has been examined in E. coli. Two minor leucyl-tRNA species, isoacceptors tRNA3Leu and tRNA4Leu, are the predominant species found bound to ribosomes during exponential growth in minimal medium. In rich medium, an increased proportion of t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Holmes WM,Goldman E,Miner TA,Hatfield GW

更新日期：1977-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) plays a major role in the regulation of neuroendocrine functions and behaviors by estrogens. Although the generation of ERalpha knockout mice advanced our knowledge of ERalpha functions, gene deletion using this method is global and potentially confounded by developmental consequences...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Musatov S,Chen W,Pfaff DW,Kaplitt MG,Ogawa S

更新日期：2006-07-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Hybridoma technology was used for preparation of murine monoclonal antibodies of high titer against bone-Gla protein and osteonectin. A procedure of immunization and hybridization similar to that already described [Katzmann, J.A., Nesheim, M.E., Hibbard, L.S. & Mann, K.G. (1981) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 78, 162-166;...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Stenner DD,Romberg RW,Tracy RP,Katzmann JA,Riggs BL,Mann KG

更新日期：1984-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:αβ T-cell repertoire selection is mediated by peptide-MHC complexes presented by thymic epithelial or myeloid cells, and by lipid-CD1 complexes expressed by thymocytes. γδ T-cell repertoire selection, by contrast, is largely unresolved. Mice mutant for Skint-1, a unique Ig superfamily gene, do not develop canonical Vγ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Barbee SD,Woodward MJ,Turchinovich G,Mention JJ,Lewis JM,Boyden LM,Lifton RP,Tigelaar R,Hayday AC

更新日期：2011-02-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Voltage-gated Na(+) channels initiate action potentials during electrical signaling in excitable cells. Opening and closing of the pore of voltage-gated ion channels are mechanically linked to voltage-driven outward movement of the positively charged S4 transmembrane segment in their voltage sensors. Disulfide locking...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： DeCaen PG,Yarov-Yarovoy V,Scheuer T,Catterall WA

更新日期：2011-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Tropical forest degradation emits carbon at a rate of approximately 0.5 Pgxy(-1), reduces biodiversity, and facilitates forest clearance. Understanding degradation drivers and patterns is therefore crucial to managing forests to mitigate climate change and reduce biodiversity loss. Putative patterns of degradation aff...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ahrends A,Burgess ND,Milledge SA,Bulling MT,Fisher B,Smart JC,Clarke GP,Mhoro BE,Lewis SL

更新日期：2010-08-17 00:00:00