Abstract:
:Estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) plays a major role in the regulation of neuroendocrine functions and behaviors by estrogens. Although the generation of ERalpha knockout mice advanced our knowledge of ERalpha functions, gene deletion using this method is global and potentially confounded by developmental consequences. To achieve a site-specific knockdown of ERalpha in the normally developed adult brain, we have generated an adeno-associated virus vector expressing a small hairpin RNA targeting ERalpha. After bilateral injection of this vector into the hypothalamic ventromedial nucleus in ovariectomized female mice, expression levels of ERalpha as well as the estrogen-inducible progesterone receptor were profoundly reduced despite the continued presence of this receptor elsewhere in the brain. Functionally, silencing of ERalpha in the ventromedial nucleus abolished female proceptive and receptive sexual behaviors while enhancing rejection behavior. These results provide evidence that adeno-associated virus-mediated long-term knockdown of genes can be used to delineate their effects on complex behaviors in discrete brain regions.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Musatov S,Chen W,Pfaff DW,Kaplitt MG,Ogawa Sdoi
10.1073/pnas.0603045103subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-07-05 00:00:00pages
10456-10460issue
27eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490pii
0603045103journal_volume
103pub_type
杂志文章abstract::While recent experiments revealed that some pioneer transcription factors (TFs) can bind to their target DNA sequences inside a nucleosome, the binding dynamics of their target recognitions are poorly understood. Here we used the latest coarse-grained models and molecular dynamics simulations to study the nucleosome-b...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2005500117
更新日期:2020-08-25 00:00:00
abstract::The crystal structure of the dimeric gene V protein of bacteriophage f1 was determined using multiwavelength anomalous diffraction on the selenomethionine-containing wild-type and isoleucine-47-->methionine mutant proteins with x-ray diffraction data phased to 2.5 A resolution. The structure of the wild-type protein h...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.6.2071
更新日期:1994-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::X-ray studies on human insulins prepared by semisynthetic and biosynthetic methods have recently been undertaken. Human insulin differs from porcine insulin only at the COOH terminus of the B-chain. The present study reports the crystal structure of 4-zinc human insulin, which is used clinically as a slow-acting prepa...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.81.22.7093
更新日期:1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The tau and gamma subunits of DNA polymerase III holoenzyme are both products of the dnaX gene. Since tau and gamma are required as stoichiometric components of the replicative complex, a mechanism must exist for the cell to coordinate their synthesis and ensure that both subunits are present in an adequate quantity a...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.87.10.3713
更新日期:1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::To some extent, the genetic theory of adaptive evolution in bacteria is a simple extension of that developed for sexually reproducing eukaryotes. In other, fundamental ways, the process of adaptive evolution in bacteria is quantitatively and qualitatively different from that of organisms for which recombination is an ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1073/pnas.97.13.6981
更新日期:2000-06-20 00:00:00
abstract::Tumor-derived adhesion factor (TAF) was previously identified as a cell adhesion molecule secreted by human bladder carcinoma cell line EJ-1. To elucidate the physiological function of TAF, we examined its distribution in human normal and tumor tissues. Immunochemical staining with an anti-TAF monoclonal antibody show...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.93.16.8384
更新日期:1996-08-06 00:00:00
abstract::Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is an important cause of acute renal failure in children. Mutations in one or more genes encoding complement-regulatory proteins have been reported in approximately one-third of nondiarrheal, atypical HUS (aHUS) patients, suggesting a defect in the protection of cell surfaces against co...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0603420103
更新日期:2007-01-02 00:00:00
abstract::Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) associated with COVID-19 is a newly recognized condition in children with recent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. These children and adult patients with severe hyperinflammation present with a constellation of symptoms that st...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2010722117
更新日期:2020-10-13 00:00:00
abstract::On April 14, 2010, when meltwaters from the Eyjafjallajökull glacier mixed with hot magma, an explosive eruption sent unusually fine-grained ash into the jet stream. It quickly dispersed over Europe. Previous airplane encounters with ash resulted in sandblasted windows and particles melted inside jet engines, causing ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1015053108
更新日期:2011-05-03 00:00:00
abstract::A mouse monoclonal antibody (7E6A5) of IgG isotype, reacting specifically with mucin-producing goblet cells of the human gastrointestinal tract, has been developed. 7E6A5 reacts by an ELISA with colonic protein eluted from a DEAE column. A screening by immunoperoxidase assay of 76 specimens from 19 different human tis...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.84.10.3425
更新日期:1987-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genetic switches based on the [Formula: see text] system are master regulators of an array of cellular responses. Recent kinetic experiments have shown that [Formula: see text] can actively remove NF-κB bound to its genetic sites via a process called "molecular stripping." This allows the [Formula: see text] switch to...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1520483112
更新日期:2016-01-05 00:00:00
abstract::The geographical structure of a population distributed continuously and homogeneously along an infinite linear habitat is explored. The analysis is restricted to a single locus in the absence of selection, and every mutant is assumed to be new to the population. An explicit formula is derived for the probability that ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.71.8.2932
更新日期:1974-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mutations of von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHL) tumor-suppressor gene product (pVHL) are found in patients with dominant inherited VHL syndrome and in the vast majority of sporadic clear cell renal carcinomas. The function of the pVHL protein has not been clarified. pVHL has been shown to form a complex with elongin B an...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.22.12436
更新日期:1999-10-26 00:00:00
abstract::Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 is a genetically tractable model cyanobacterium that has been engineered to produce industrially relevant biomolecules and is the best-studied model for a prokaryotic circadian clock. However, the organism is commonly grown in continuous light in the laboratory, and data on metabolic p...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1504576112
更新日期:2015-04-14 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.87.5.1820
更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In rod photoreceptors, several phototransduction components display light-dependent translocation between cellular compartments. Notably, the G protein transducin translocates from rod outer segments to inner segments/spherules in bright light, but the functional consequences of translocation remain unclear. We genera...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1222666110
更新日期:2013-07-23 00:00:00
abstract::The cDNA sequences encoding the adult alpha- and beta-globin polypeptides of a marsupial, the native cat Dasyurus viverrinus, have been cloned and their nucleotide sequences have been determined. Using these cDNA clones we have determined the chromosomal location of the native cat alpha- and beta-globin genes by in si...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.82.23.8105
更新日期:1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::High genetic diversity of East Asian village dogs has recently been used to argue for an East Asian origin of the domestic dog. However, global village dog genetic diversity and the extent to which semiferal village dogs represent distinct, indigenous populations instead of admixtures of various dog breeds has not bee...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0902129106
更新日期:2009-08-18 00:00:00
abstract::A double-stranded (ds) DNA which may be a replication intermediate was isolated from bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. "Top Crop") leaves systemically infected with bean golden mosaic virus, a whitefly-transmitted plant virus with a genome of circular single-stranded (ss) DNA. The isolation method used phenol/chloroform ext...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.78.7.4102
更新日期:1981-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.62.4.1121
更新日期:1969-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exposure of Chinese hamster cells to reduced oxygen partial pressure results in a marked enhancement in the frequency of methotrexate resistance and dihydrofolate reductase gene amplification. The frequency of enhanced resistance is a function of the length of exposure to hypoxic conditions and the time after recovery...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.83.16.5978
更新日期:1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Priming of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) by dendritic cells (DCs) is crucial for elimination of pathogens and malignant cells. To activate CTLs, DCs present antigenic peptide-complexed MHC class I molecules (MHC-I) that will be recognized by the CTLs with T cell receptors and CD8 molecules. Here we show that paired I...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0804571105
更新日期:2008-09-23 00:00:00
abstract::Gating currents of the cloned delayed-rectifier K+ channel DRK1 expressed in Xenopus oocytes were measured with the open-oocyte Vaseline-gap voltage-clamp technique. DRK1 gating charge had the following salient properties: (i) gating-charge amplitude correlated positively with size of the expressed ionic K+ currents; ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.10.4758
更新日期:1993-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::The engineering of structures across different length scales is central to the design of novel materials with controlled macroscopic properties. Herein, we introduce a unique class of self-assembling materials, which are built upon shape- and volume-persistent molecular nanoparticles and other structural motifs, such ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1302606110
更新日期:2013-06-18 00:00:00
abstract::Transfer of membrane between endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus in situ is considered to occur via 60-nm transition vesicles derived from part-rough, part-smooth transition elements of the endoplasmic reticulum. A procedure is described for the isolation of a fraction enriched in these transition elements from ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.84.17.6098
更新日期:1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several mouse models have already proved valuable for investigating hypertrophic responses to cardiac stress. Here, we characterize one caused by a well defined single copy transgene, RenTgMK, that genetically clamps plasma renin and thence angiotensin II at high levels. All of the transgenic males develop concentric ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0307333101
更新日期:2004-03-02 00:00:00
abstract::The current epidemic of infections caused by antibiotic-resistant gram-positive bacteria requires the discovery of new drug targets and the development of new therapeutics. Lipoteichoic acid (LTA), a cell wall polymer of gram-positive bacteria, consists of 1,3-polyglycerol-phosphate linked to glycolipid. LTA synthase ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1217337110
更新日期:2013-02-26 00:00:00
abstract::Most poxviruses, including variola, the causative agent of smallpox, express a secreted protein of 35 kDa, vCCI, which binds CC-chemokines with high affinity. This viral protein competes with the host cellular CC-chemokine receptors (CCRs), reducing inflammation and interfering with the host immune response. Such prot...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.22.12379
更新日期:1999-10-26 00:00:00
abstract::Among the myriad complications involved in the current food crisis, the relationship between agriculture and the rest of nature is one of the most important yet remains only incompletely analyzed. Particularly in tropical areas, agriculture is frequently seen as the antithesis of the natural world, where the problem i...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0905455107
更新日期:2010-03-30 00:00:00
abstract::An oligoribonucleotide (a 27-mer) that mimics the sarcin/ricin (S/R) domain of Escherichia coli 23S rRNA binds elongation factor EF-G; the Kd is 6.9 microM, whereas for binding to ribosomes it is 0.7 microM. Binding saturates when EF-G and the S/R RNA are equimolar; at saturation 70% of the input RNA is in complexes w...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.94.23.12280
更新日期:1997-11-11 00:00:00