Structure of pyrrolysyl-tRNA synthetase, an archaeal enzyme for genetic code innovation.

abstract：:A varying oxygen environment is known to affect cellular function in disease as well as activity of various therapeutics. For transient structures, whether they are unconstrained therapeutic transplants, migrating cells during tumor metastasis, or cell populations induced by an immunological response, the role of oxyg...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Spanoudaki V,Doloff JC,Huang W,Norcross SR,Farah S,Langer R,Anderson DG

更新日期：2019-03-12 00:00:00

abstract：:An expression for the equilibrium of the mean phenotypic value of a quantitative character is derived for a model in which the fitness of an individual depends on its own phenotype and the mean phenotypic value of a group of related individuals. When selection is weak the equilibrium mean is well predicted by Hamilton...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Boyd R,Richerson PJ

更新日期：1980-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Infection during the neonatal period commonly induces apnea episodes, and the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1beta may serve as a critical mediator between these events. To determine the mechanism by which IL-1beta depresses respiration, we examined a prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2))-dependent pathway in newborn mice and huma...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hofstetter AO,Saha S,Siljehav V,Jakobsson PJ,Herlenius E

更新日期：2007-06-05 00:00:00

abstract：:We present a common allosteric mechanism for control of inflammatory and apoptotic caspases. Highly specific thiol-containing inhibitors of the human inflammatory caspase-1 were identified by using disulfide trapping, a method for site-directed small-molecule discovery. These compounds became trapped by forming a disu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Scheer JM,Romanowski MJ,Wells JA

更新日期：2006-05-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The heat shock protein (Hsp)70 family of molecular chaperones interacts with unfolded proteins through a C-terminal substrate-binding domain (SBD) that is controlled by nucleotide binding to the N-terminal domain. The ATPase cycle is regulated by cochaperones, including DnaJ proteins that accelerate ATP hydrolysis to ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Awad W,Estrada I,Shen Y,Hendershot LM

更新日期：2008-01-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Underactivity of the glutamatergic system is an attractive model for the pathophysiology of several major mental illnesses. We previously described a chromosome abnormality disrupting the kainate class ionotropic glutamate receptor gene, GRIK4/KA1, in an individual with schizophrenia and learning disability (mental re...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pickard BS,Knight HM,Hamilton RS,Soares DC,Walker R,Boyd JK,Machell J,Maclean A,McGhee KA,Condie A,Porteous DJ,St Clair D,Davis I,Blackwood DH,Muir WJ

更新日期：2008-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The growth of actin filament networks is a fundamental biological process that drives a variety of cellular and intracellular motions. During motility, eukaryotic cells and intracellular pathogens are propelled by actin networks organized by nucleation-promoting factors that trigger the formation of nascent filaments ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shaevitz JW,Fletcher DA

更新日期：2007-10-02 00:00:00

abstract：:A number of genes associated with sexual traits and reproduction evolve at the sequence level faster than the majority of genes coding for non-sex-related traits. Whole genome analyses allow this observation to be extended beyond the limited set of genes that have been studied thus far. We use cDNA microarrays to demo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Meiklejohn CD,Parsch J,Ranz JM,Hartl DL

更新日期：2003-08-19 00:00:00

abstract：:In sexual populations, selection operates neither on the whole genome, which is repeatedly taken apart and reassembled by recombination, nor on individual alleles that are tightly linked to the chromosomal neighborhood. The resulting interference between linked alleles reduces the efficiency of selection and distorts ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Neher RA,Kessinger TA,Shraiman BI

更新日期：2013-09-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The addition of insulin to a mixture of plasma membrane and mitochondrial fractions from rat adipocytes results in a decrease in the phosphorylation of a mitochondrial protein identified as the alpha subunit of pyruvate dehydrogenase [pyruvate:lipoamide oxidoreductase (decarboxylating and acceptor-acetylating), EC 1.2...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Seals JR,Jarett L

更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The proteasome regulates cellular processes as diverse as cell cycle progression and NF-kappaB activation. In this study, we show that the potent antitumor natural product epoxomicin specifically targets the proteasome. Utilizing biotinylated-epoxomicin as a molecular probe, we demonstrate that epoxomicin covalently b...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Meng L,Mohan R,Kwok BH,Elofsson M,Sin N,Crews CM

更新日期：1999-08-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are involved in a wide range of regulatory processes in the cell. Owing to their flexibility, their conformations are expected to be particularly sensitive to the crowded cellular environment. Here we use single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer to quantify the effect ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Soranno A,Koenig I,Borgia MB,Hofmann H,Zosel F,Nettels D,Schuler B

更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The six members of the contactin (CNTN) family of neural cell adhesion molecules are involved in the formation and maintenance of the central nervous system (CNS) and have been linked to mental retardation and neuropsychiatric disorders such as autism. Five of the six CNTNs bind to the homologous receptor protein tyro...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lamprianou S,Chatzopoulou E,Thomas JL,Bouyain S,Harroch S

更新日期：2011-10-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Efficient and reliable classification of visual stimuli requires that their representations reside a low-dimensional and, therefore, computationally manageable feature space. We investigated the ability of the human visual system to derive such representations from the sensory input-a highly nontrivial task, given the...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cutzu F,Edelman S

更新日期：1996-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding and manipulation of the forces assembling DNA/RNA helices have broad implications for biology, medicine, and physics. One subject of significance is the attractive force between dsDNA mediated by polycations of valence ≥ 3. Despite extensive studies, the physical origin of the "like-charge attraction" re...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Qiu X,Parsegian VA,Rau DC

更新日期：2010-12-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Remembering and discriminating objects based on their previously learned values are essential for goal-directed behaviors. While the cerebral cortex is known to contribute to object recognition, surprisingly little is known about its role in retaining long-term object-value associations. To address this question, we t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ghazizadeh A,Griggs W,Leopold DA,Hikosaka O

更新日期：2018-02-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Enveloped viruses exploit the endomembrane system to enter host cells. Through a cascade of membrane-trafficking events, virus-bearing vesicles fuse with acidic endosomes and/or lysosomes mediated by SNAREs triggering viral fusion. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this process remain elusive. Here, we foun...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pirooz SD,He S,Zhang T,Zhang X,Zhao Z,Oh S,O'Connell D,Khalilzadeh P,Amini-Bavil-Olyaee S,Farzan M,Liang C

更新日期：2014-02-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The Ca(2+)-binding protein calbindin D28k (CB) is vital for the normal function of the central nervous system but its specific functional role is largely unclear. CB is typically described as a mobile Ca(2+)buffer that shapes the spatiotemporal extent of cellular Ca(2+)signals. Recent biochemical data, however, indica...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schmidt H,Schwaller B,Eilers J

更新日期：2005-04-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Gene regulation by imposed localization was studied by using designed zinc finger proteins that bind 18-bp DNA sequences in the 5' untranslated regions of the protooncogenes erbB-2 and erbB-3. Transcription factors were generated by fusion of the DNA-binding proteins to repression or activation domains. When introduce...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Beerli RR,Dreier B,Barbas CF 3rd

更新日期：2000-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:High molecular weight polypeptides (HMWPs) of 270,000 to 340,000 were found to be major components of intermediate filaments prepared by Triton X-100 extraction after spreading of rat glioma C6, HeLa, Chinese hamster ovary, and simian virus 40-transformed Chinese hamster lung cells. C6 HMWPs were shown to resemble hig...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pytela R,Wiche G

更新日期：1980-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plants have evolved adaptive strategies that involve transcriptional networks to cope with and survive environmental challenges. Key transcriptional regulators that mediate responses to environmental fluctuations in nitrate have been identified; however, little is known about how these regulators interact to orchestra...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Guan P,Ripoll JJ,Wang R,Vuong L,Bailey-Steinitz LJ,Ye D,Crawford NM

更新日期：2017-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Pathogenic infections and tissue injuries trigger the assembly of inflammasomes, cytosolic protein complexes that activate caspase-1, leading to cleavage of pro-IL-1β and pro-IL-18 and to pyroptosis, a proinflammatory cell death program. Although microbial recognition by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) is known to induce t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lin KM,Hu W,Troutman TD,Jennings M,Brewer T,Li X,Nanda S,Cohen P,Thomas JA,Pasare C

更新日期：2014-01-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The strong consistency of least squares estimates in multiple regression models with independent errors is obtained under minimal assumptions on the design and weak moment conditions on the errors. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lai TL,Robbins H,Wei CZ

更新日期：1978-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Skeletal and smooth muscle can mutually transdifferentiate, but little molecular insight exists as to how each muscle program may be subverted to the other. The myogenic basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors MyoD and myogenin (Myog) direct the development of skeletal muscle and are thought to be dominant over t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Long X,Creemers EE,Wang DZ,Olson EN,Miano JM

更新日期：2007-10-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Tumor heterogeneity confounds cancer diagnosis and the outcome of therapy, necessitating analysis of tumor cell subsets within the tumor mass. Elevated expression of hyaluronan (HA) and HA receptors, receptor for HA-mediated motility (RHAMM)/HA-mediated motility receptor and cluster designation 44 (CD44), in breast tu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Veiseh M,Kwon DH,Borowsky AD,Tolg C,Leong HS,Lewis JD,Turley EA,Bissell MJ

更新日期：2014-04-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Individual diastereomeric phosphoramidites and mixtures of diastereomeric phosphoramidites were evaluated in the iridium-catalyzed amination of allylic carbonates. The original process was conducted with a phosphoramidite ligand containing a resolved 2,2-dihydroxy-1,1-binaphthyl (BINOL) group and a diastereomerically ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Leitner A,Shu C,Hartwig JF

更新日期：2004-04-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The gene encoding the rice transcription factor, REB (rice endosperm bZIP) was cloned from a bacterial artificial chromosome library of rice. The cloned 6,227-bp-long Reb gene is composed of six exons and five introns and is flanked by a 1.2-kb 5' promoter and a 1.2-kb 3' terminator region. The function of the Reb gen...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yang D,Wu L,Hwang YS,Chen L,Huang N

更新日期：2001-09-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a heterogeneous degenerative motor neuron disease linked to numerous genetic mutations in apparently unrelated proteins. These proteins, including SOD1, TDP-43, and FUS, are highly aggregation-prone and form a variety of intracellular inclusion bodies that are characteristic of d...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ciryam P,Lambert-Smith IA,Bean DM,Freer R,Cid F,Tartaglia GG,Saunders DN,Wilson MR,Oliver SG,Morimoto RI,Dobson CM,Vendruscolo M,Favrin G,Yerbury JJ

更新日期：2017-05-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Opioid drugs produce their pharmacological effects by activating inhibitory guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory protein-linked mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors. One major effector for these receptors is adenylyl cyclase, which is inhibited upon receptor activation. However, little is known about which of the te...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kim KS,Lee KW,Lee KW,Im JY,Yoo JY,Kim SW,Lee JK,Nestler EJ,Han PL

更新日期：2006-03-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Synucleinopathies are a group of progressive disorders characterized by the abnormal aggregation and accumulation of α-synuclein (aSyn), an abundant neuronal protein that can adopt different conformations and biological properties. Recently, aSyn pathology was shown to spread between neurons in a prion-like manner. Pr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Villar-Piqué A,Lopes da Fonseca T,Sant'Anna R,Szegö ÉM,Fonseca-Ornelas L,Pinho R,Carija A,Gerhardt E,Masaracchia C,Abad Gonzalez E,Rossetti G,Carloni P,Fernández CO,Foguel D,Milosevic I,Zweckstetter M,Ventura S,Outeiro

更新日期：2016-10-18 00:00:00