Abstract:
:We report two instances of selective accumulation of herpes simplex 1 RNA transcripts in different compartments of infected HEp-2 cells. In the first, transcripts derived from about 50% of the viral DNA accumulated in the nuclei of cells 8 hr after infection. However, only 40-42% of the DNA was represented in transcripts accumulating in both cytoplasm and polyribosomes. A more striking disparity in the distribution of transcripts between nuclei and cytoplasm occurred when viral infection was initiated and maintained for several hours in the absence of protein synthesis. RNA complementary to about 50% of the viral DNA accumulated in the nuclei, while transcripts derived from only about 10% of the DNA were detectable in the cytoplasm. The transcripts that were selectively transported in the presence of cycloheximide seem to be functional messenger RNA molecules, since they were found on polysomes immediately after cycloheximide reversal. In contrast, RNA retained in the nuclei during the period of cycloheximide treatment was not mobilized when protein synthesis subsequently resumed. The two instances of selective RNA transport observed during herpesvirus infection suggest that only viral transcripts competent to function in translation are exported from the nucleus.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Kozak M,Roizman Bdoi
10.1073/pnas.71.11.4322subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1974-11-01 00:00:00pages
4322-6issue
11eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
71pub_type
杂志文章abstract::In Salmonella typhimurium, the CobU, CobS, CobT, and CobC proteins have been proposed to catalyze the late steps in adenosylcobalamin biosynthesis, which define the nucleotide loop assembly pathway. This paper reports the in vitro assembly of the nucleotide loop of adenosylcobalamin from its precursors adenosylcobinam...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.21.11798
更新日期:1999-10-12 00:00:00
abstract::We have obtained long-term cultures of differentiated proliferating follicular cells from normal adult human thyroid glands. In vitro growth of such human cells has been sustained by a modified F-12 medium, supplemented with bovine hypothalamus and pituitary extracts and no added thyrotropin. Cultures have been expand...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.19.9004
更新日期:1994-09-13 00:00:00
abstract::The Ca(2+) channel alpha(1A)-subunit is a voltage-gated, pore-forming membrane protein positioned at the intersection of two important lines of research: one exploring the diversity of Ca(2+) channels and their physiological roles, and the other pursuing mechanisms of ataxia, dystonia, epilepsy, and migraine. alpha(1A...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.26.15245
更新日期:1999-12-21 00:00:00
abstract::Cognitive studies of memory processes demonstrate that memory for stimuli is a function of how they are encoded; stimuli processed semantically are better remembered than those processed in a perceptual or shallow fashion. This study investigates the neural correlates of this cognitive phenomenon. Twelve subjects perf...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.6.2008
更新日期:1994-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::An elegant expression is obtained for the product of the inverse Weierstrass-Laguerre transforms of two functions in terms of their convolution. It is also shown how the main result can be extended to hold for the product of the inverse Weierstrass-Laguerre transforms of several functions. ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.68.3.554
更新日期:1971-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::To determine which of seven library design algorithms best introduces new protein function without destroying it altogether, seven combinatorial libraries of green fluorescent protein variants were designed and synthesized. Each was evaluated by distributions of emission intensity and color compiled from measurements ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0609647103
更新日期:2007-01-02 00:00:00
abstract::Infection of mice with sporozoites of Plasmodium berghei or Plasmodium yoelii has been used extensively to evaluate liver-stage protection by candidate preerythrocytic malaria vaccines. Unfortunately, repeated success of such vaccines in mice has not translated readily to effective malaria vaccines in humans. Thus, mi...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0805452105
更新日期:2008-09-16 00:00:00
abstract::A remarkable property of tetrapod bone is its ability to detect and remodel areas where damage has accumulated through prolonged use. This process, believed vital to the long-term health of bone, is considered to be initiated and orchestrated by osteocytes, cells within the bone matrix. It is therefore surprising that...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1412372111
更新日期:2014-11-11 00:00:00
abstract::A translocation involving human chromosome 10, band q24, in a subset of T-cell acute leukemias disrupts a region surrounding the putative oncogene HOX11, which encodes a protein with a homeodomain. The HOX11 protein binds to a specific DNA sequence, it localizes to the cell nucleus, and it transactivates transcription...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.10.4431
更新日期:1993-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::The delta-subspecies of protein kinase C (delta PKC) was purified to near homogeneity from the Triton X-100 extract of the rat brain particulate fraction by successive chromatographies on S-Sepharose fast flow, phenyl 5PW, heparin 5PW, hydroxyapatite, and Mono Q columns. The purified enzyme was a doublet with molecula...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.89.5.1592
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pyridoxal 5'-phosphate cofactor of glycogen phosphorylase a (1,4-alpha-D-glucan:orthophosphate alpha-glucosyltransferase, EC2.4.1.1.) has been positioned on the protomer with x-ray diffraction data, chemical markers, and sequence information. The electron density was computed from 3.0-A resolution phases calculate...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.74.11.4757
更新日期:1977-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Viral hepatitis is a disease of antiquity, but evidence for more than one etiologic agent has been recognized only since the 1940s, when two viruses (hepatitis A virus and hepatitis B virus) were thought to account for all disease. In the past 20 years, three additional hepatitis agents (hepatitis C virus, hepatitis D...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.7.2401
更新日期:1994-03-29 00:00:00
abstract::If they are able to spread in wild populations, CRISPR-based gene-drive elements would provide new ways to address ecological problems by altering the traits of wild organisms, but the potential for uncontrolled spread tremendously complicates ethical development and use. Here, we detail a self-exhausting form of CRIS...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1716358116
更新日期:2019-04-23 00:00:00
abstract::The Dbf4Cdc7 kinase acts at the level of individual origins to promote the initiation of DNA replication. We demonstrate through both immunoprecipitation and two-hybrid assays that a domain comprising the first 296 aa of Dbf4p interacts with Orc2p and Orc3p subunits of the origin recognition complex (ORC). Given that ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.252093999
更新日期:2002-12-10 00:00:00
abstract::Lambdoid phages form clear plaques and show reduced ability to establish immunity in strains of Escherichia coli that lack adenylate cyclase or catabolite activator protein. The absence of the activator protein or cyclic AMP reduces the frequency of lysogenization, but does not prevent steady-state repressor synthesis...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.69.2.366
更新日期:1972-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Myocardial ischemic disease is the major cause of death worldwide. After myocardial infarction, reperfusion of infracted heart has been an important objective of strategies to improve outcomes. However, cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is characterized by inflammation, arrhythmias, cardiomyocyte damage, and, at the ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1100286108
更新日期:2011-08-09 00:00:00
abstract::Tridecaptin A1 (TriA1) is a nonribosomal lipopeptide with selective antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria. Here we show that TriA1 exerts its bactericidal effect by binding to the bacterial cell-wall precursor lipid II on the inner membrane, disrupting the proton motive force. Biochemical and biophysic...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1608623113
更新日期:2016-10-11 00:00:00
abstract::How do firing patterns in a cortical circuit change when inhibitory neurons are excited? We virally expressed an excitatory designer receptor exclusively activated by a designer drug (Gq-DREADD) in all inhibitory interneuron types of the CA1 region of the hippocampus in the rat. While clozapine N-oxide (CNO) activatio...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2014157118
更新日期:2021-01-12 00:00:00
abstract::The circadian clock is a global regulatory mechanism that controls the expression of 50 to 80% of transcripts in mammals. Some of the genes controlled by the circadian clock are oncogenes or tumor suppressors. Among these Myc has been the focus of several studies which have investigated the effect of clock genes and p...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2011225117
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In vertebrate retinal photoreceptors, photoisomerization of opsin-bound visual chromophore 11-cis-retinal to all-trans-retinal triggers phototransduction events. Regeneration of the chromophore is a critical step in restoring photoreceptors to their dark-adapted state. This regeneration process, called the retinoid cy...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0503318102
更新日期:2005-06-07 00:00:00
abstract::Archaea of the phylum Thaumarchaeota are among the most abundant prokaryotes on Earth and are widely distributed in marine, terrestrial, and geothermal environments. All studied Thaumarchaeota couple the oxidation of ammonia at extremely low concentrations with carbon fixation. As the predominant nitrifiers in the oce...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1402028111
更新日期:2014-06-03 00:00:00
abstract::The DNA templates containing immediate early (IE) genes of human cytomegalovirus (CMV) were transcribed in vitro by using a HeLa cell extract. When IE region 1, 2, and 3 were used, transcription was detected qualitatively only from IE region 1. Transcription was detected with DNA representing IE region 2 when the IE r...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.81.3.659
更新日期:1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuropathic pain afflicts millions of individuals and represents a major health problem for which there is limited effective and safe therapy. Emerging literature links altered sphingolipid metabolism to nociceptive processing. However, the neuropharmacology of sphingolipid signaling in the central nervous system in t...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1820466116
更新日期:2019-05-21 00:00:00
abstract::The sense of body ownership represents a fundamental aspect of our self-awareness, but is disrupted in many neurological, psychiatric, and psychological conditions that are also characterized by disruption of skin temperature regulation, sometimes in a single limb. We hypothesized that skin temperature in a specific l...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0803768105
更新日期:2008-09-02 00:00:00
abstract::The signal recognition particle (SRP) is a ribonucleoprotein composed of an Alu domain and an S domain. The S domain contains unique sequence SRP RNA and four SRP proteins: SRP19, SRP54, SRP68, and SRP72. SRP interacts with ribosomes to bring translating membrane and secreted proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.97.1.55
更新日期:2000-01-04 00:00:00
abstract::Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is critical for induction of protective immunity against intracellular bacterial infection. However, the mechanisms for efficient induction of IL-12 in innate response remain poorly understood. Here we report that the B type of carbonic anhydrase 6 (Car6-b, which encoded CA-VI B) is essential fo...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1700917114
更新日期:2017-08-08 00:00:00
abstract::We define an integer invariant [Formula: see text] of a smooth, compact, closed 4-manifold X by minimizing a certain complexity of a trisection of X over all trisections. The good feature of [Formula: see text] is that when [Formula: see text] and X is a homology 4-sphere, then X is diffeomorphic to the 4-sphere. Natu...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1718953115
更新日期:2018-10-23 00:00:00
abstract::ATM (ataxia-telangiectasia mutated) and ATR (ATM and Rad3-related) are large PI3 kinases whose human mutations result in complex syndromes that include a compromised DNA damage response (DDR) and prominent nervous system phenotypes. Both proteins are nuclear-localized in keeping with their DDR functions, yet both are ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1716892115
更新日期:2018-01-09 00:00:00
abstract::A key barrier to the realization of personalized medicine for cancer is the identification of biomarkers. Here we describe a two-stage strategy for the discovery of serum biomarker signatures corresponding to specific cancer-causing mutations and its application to prostate cancer (PCa) in the context of the commonly ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1013699108
更新日期:2011-02-22 00:00:00
abstract::Regulatory mechanisms for tissue repair and regeneration within damaged tissue have been extensively studied. However, the systemic regulation of tissue repair remains poorly understood. To elucidate tissue nonautonomous control of repair process, it is essential to induce local damage, independent of genetic manipula...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1523681113
更新日期:2016-02-16 00:00:00