Abstract:
:The DNA templates containing immediate early (IE) genes of human cytomegalovirus (CMV) were transcribed in vitro by using a HeLa cell extract. When IE region 1, 2, and 3 were used, transcription was detected qualitatively only from IE region 1. Transcription was detected with DNA representing IE region 2 when the IE region 1 promoter was not present. DNA sequence analysis of the upstream regulatory region of IE region 1 detected two distinct repeats of 19 and 18 nucleotides, both being repeated four times. A putative cruciform structure could form through the surrounding sequences with each 18-nucleotide repeat being located in the unpaired region. The potential secondary structure and the repeat sequences in the regulatory region of IE region 1 are presumably related to the high level of transcription of this IE gene.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Thomsen DR,Stenberg RM,Goins WF,Stinski MFdoi
10.1073/pnas.81.3.659subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1984-02-01 00:00:00pages
659-63issue
3eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
81pub_type
杂志文章abstract::An approximately decadal periodicity in surface air temperature is discernable in global observations from A.D. 1855 to 1900 and since A.D. 1945, but with a periodicity of only about 6 years during the intervening period. Changes in solar irradiance related to the sunspot cycle have been proposed to account for the fo...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.94.16.8321
更新日期:1997-08-05 00:00:00
abstract::Although pain is a prevalent nonmotor symptom in Parkinson's disease (PD), it is undertreated, in part because of our limited understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Considering that the basal ganglia are implicated in pain sensation, and that their synaptic outputs are controlled by the subthalamic nucleus (STN),...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1916263117
更新日期:2020-05-05 00:00:00
abstract::The nervous system is a biological computer integrating the body's reflex and voluntary environmental interactions (behavior) with a relatively constant internal state (homeostasis)-- promoting survival of the individual and species. The wiring diagram of the nervous system's structural connectivity provides an obliga...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1015128107
更新日期:2010-11-30 00:00:00
abstract::Antisense oligodeoxyribonucleotides targeted to the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor were encapsulated into liposomes linked to folate via a polyethylene glycol spacer (folate-PEG-liposomes) and efficiently delivered into cultured KB cells via folate receptor-mediated endocytosis. The oligonucleotides were a pho...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.92.8.3318
更新日期:1995-04-11 00:00:00
abstract::Less than 100 cis-regulatory DNAs have been characterized in the context of transgenic metazoan embryos. Here we investigate the feasibility of conducting a genome-wide search for tissue-specific enhancers in the ascidian Ciona intestinalis. A total of 138 random genomic DNA fragments with an average size of 1.7 kb we...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.052024999
更新日期:2002-05-14 00:00:00
abstract::cDNA clones encoding a glutamic acid-rich protein were isolated from a bovine retina cDNA expression library. The cDNA sequence contained an open reading frame of 1770 base pairs encoding a protein of 590 amino acids (64,509 Da) and untranslated regions of 60 and 490 base pairs at the 5' and 3' ends, respectively. The...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.88.8.3116
更新日期:1991-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Full-length tissue factor (flTF), the coagulation initiator, is overexpressed in breast cancer (BrCa), but associations between flTF expression and clinical outcome remain controversial. It is currently not known whether the soluble alternatively spliced TF form (asTF) is expressed in BrCa or impacts BrCa progression....
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1307100110
更新日期:2013-07-09 00:00:00
abstract::Precise regulation of the evolutionarily conserved hypoxia-inducible transcription factor (HIF) ensures proper adaptation to variations in oxygen availability throughout development and into adulthood. Oxygen-dependent regulation of HIF stability and activity are mediated by hydroxylation of conserved proline and aspa...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.202614999
更新日期:2002-11-26 00:00:00
abstract::We have determined the general constraints that govern sequence divergence in proteins that retain entirely, or very largely, the same structure and function. To do this we collected data from three different groups of orthologous sequences: those found in humans and mice, in humans and chickens, and in Escherichia co...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0703737104
更新日期:2007-06-12 00:00:00
abstract::Streptococcus pneumoniae can cause disease in various human tissues and organs, including the ear, the brain, the blood, and the lung, and thus in highly diverse and dynamic environments. It is challenging to study how pneumococci control virulence factor expression, because cues of natural environments and the presen...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1920015117
更新日期:2020-11-03 00:00:00
abstract::Alcohol exposure during development can cause brain malformations and neurobehavioral abnormalities. In view of the teratogenicity of ethanol, identification of molecules that could counteract the neurotoxic effects of alcohol deserves high priority. Here, we report that pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypept...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.082112699
更新日期:2002-04-30 00:00:00
abstract::Development of in vitro resistance to HN2 (also called mustargen or mechlorethamine hydrochloride), N,N'-bis(2-chloroethyl)-N-nitrosourea (BCNU), and cisplatin [cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II)] was achieved in two human cell lines, the Raji/Burkitt lymphoma and a squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue. A 10- to 20-fol...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.82.7.2158
更新日期:1985-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::An inborn deficiency in the ability of aldolase B to split fructose 1-phosphate is found in humans with hereditary fructose intolerance (HFI). A stable isotope procedure to elucidate the mechanism of conversion of fructose to glucose in normal children and in HFI children has been developed. A constant infusion of D-[...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.87.14.5449
更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Guanylyl cyclase C (GCC) has been detected only in intestinal mucosa and colon carcinoma cells of placental mammals. However, this receptor has been identified in several tissues in marsupials, and its expression has been suggested in tissues other than intestine in placental mammals. Selective expression of GCC by co...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.93.25.14827
更新日期:1996-12-10 00:00:00
abstract::We recently have shown that mice deficient for the 86-kDa component (Ku80) of the DNA-dependent protein kinase exhibit growth retardation and a profound deficiency in V(D)J (variable, diversity, and joining) recombination. These defects may be related to abnormalities in DNA metabolism that arise from the inability of...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.94.25.13588
更新日期:1997-12-09 00:00:00
abstract::The development of hypertension in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) is associated with renal dysfunction and vasoconstriction. The kidneys of young SHRs exhibit exaggerated reactivity to angiotensin II (Ang-II) and attenuated responses to vasodilators that normally activate the cAMP signal to buffer hormone-in...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.92.7.2924
更新日期:1995-03-28 00:00:00
abstract::COVID-19 has emerged as one of the deadliest and most disruptive events in recent human history. Drawing from political science and psychological theories, we examine the effects of daily confirmed cases in a country on citizens' support for the political leader through the first 120 d of 2020. Using three unique data...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2009252117
更新日期:2020-10-13 00:00:00
abstract::Although the binding change mechanism of rotary catalysis by which F1-ATPase hydrolyzes ATP has been supported by equilibrium, kinetic, and structural observations, many questions concerning the function remain unanswered. Because of the importance of this enzyme, the search for a full understanding of its mechanism i...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1334188100
更新日期:2003-09-30 00:00:00
abstract::Previous work showed that cultured human pancreatic cancer cells overexpress the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor. In the present study, we sought to determine whether some of these cell lines produce transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha). Utilizing a radiolabeled TGF-alpha cDNA in hybridization experimen...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.84.21.7567
更新日期:1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most natural populations are affected by seasonal changes in temperature, rainfall, or resource availability. Seasonally fluctuating selection could potentially make a large contribution to maintaining genetic polymorphism in populations. However, previous theory suggests that the conditions for multilocus polymorphis...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1702994114
更新日期:2017-11-14 00:00:00
abstract::The configuration of the heme-carbonyl group upon binding of carbon monoxide to sperm whale myoglobin (Mb) in crystals is evaluated on the basis of infrared spectroscopic methods. Multiplets of the totally symmetric C-O stretching mode are observed for the heme-bound ligand near 1933, 1944, and 1967 cm-1, correspondin...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.76.12.6042
更新日期:1979-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although Hedgehog (Hh) signaling regulates cell differentiation during pancreas organogenesis, the consequences of pathway up-regulation in adult β-cells in vivo have not been investigated. Here, we elevate Hh signaling in β-cells by expressing an active version of the GLI2 transcription factor, a mediator of the Hh p...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1105404108
更新日期:2011-10-11 00:00:00
abstract::The anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) is a cell cycle-regulated E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls the degradation of substrate proteins at mitotic exit and throughout the G1 phase. We have identified an APC/C substrate and cell cycle-regulated protein, KIAA0101/PAF15. PAF15 protein levels peak in the G2/M p...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1106136108
更新日期:2011-06-14 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the ability of macrophages and B cells to function as antigen-presenting cells (APCs) for murine TH1 and TH2 cloned T helper cell lines. Antigen presented by concanavalin A-elicited peritoneal macrophages or resting splenic B cells stimulated antigen-dependent proliferation of both T helper subsets. Parafo...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.85.21.8181
更新日期:1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Measures of complexity derived from ergodic theory of dynamical systems were developed and applied to an exemplary data set describing locomotor movements of rats in a bounded space. A symbolic dynamical system was obtained by partitioning the event space into equally probable partition elements, using a k-dimensional...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.87.2.723
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alu elements are a family of interspersed repeats that have mobilized throughout primate genomes by retroposition from a few "master" genes. Among the 500,000 Alu elements in the human genome are members of the human-specific subfamily that are not fixed in the human species; that is, not all chromosomes carry an Alu ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.25.12288
更新日期:1994-12-06 00:00:00
abstract::We measured quantitatively the binding affinities of purified Cro repressor to the chemically synthesized wild-type and mutant OR1 operators, consisting of all three possible base-pair substitutions and of thymine to uracil substitutions at each base-pair position of the 17-base-pair operator sequence. The sequence-sp...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.2.439
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The [A] allele of SNP rs965513 in 9q22 has been consistently shown to be highly associated with increased papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) risk with an odds ratio of ∼1.8 as determined by genome-wide association studies, yet the molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Previously, we noted that the expression of t...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1506255112
更新日期:2015-05-12 00:00:00
abstract::Embryogenesis requires the precise activation and repression of many transcriptional regulators. The Polycomb group proteins and the associated H3K27me3 histone mark are essential to maintain the inactive state of many of these genes. Mammalian Hox genes are targets of Polycomb proteins and form local 3D clusters cent...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1504783112
更新日期:2015-04-14 00:00:00
abstract::The expression of a number of genes encoding products involved in copper ion uptake in yeast is specifically inhibited by copper ions. We show here that copper metalloregulation occurs through Cu-dependent repression of the transactivation activity of Mac1p. A segment of the yeast transcription factor Mac1p was identi...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.94.11.5550
更新日期:1997-05-27 00:00:00