Abstract：
:Load perturbations were applied to the arm of human subjects under conditions where both limb segments (upper arm and forearm) were free to move. The perturbations consisted of pulses of torque 50 ms in duration and of pseudo-random sequences of such pulses. They were applied to either the forearm or the upper arm. Under all conditions, the perturbations resulted in angular motion at the shoulder and elbow joints and evoked consistent responses in muscles acting about these joints (biceps, triceps, anterior and posterior deltoid). Activity in biceps and triceps was not related simply to angular motion at the elbow joint. For example, activation of biceps could be evoked during elbow flexion (by applying a torque perturbation at the shoulder) as well as during elbow extension (by applying a torque perturbation at the elbow). The effect of varying degrees of dynamic coupling between upper arm and forearm on EMG responses was investigated by applying torque perturbations to the upper arm over a wide range of elbow angles. When the forearm is extended, such a perturbation induces a greater amount of elbow flexion than when the forearm is in a flexed position. The results of these experiments showed that the larger was the amount of flexion of the forearm induced by the perturbation, the larger was the activation of biceps. The results are incompatible with the notion of a negative feedback of total muscle length as being responsible for the EMG activity following the load perturbations. It is suggested that the EMG responses can best be interpreted functionally in terms of parameters more global than muscle length. Among such global parameters, changes in net torque at a joint resulting from the perturbation gave the best correlation with the pattern of EMG activities observed.
journal_name
Exp Brain Resjournal_title
Experimental brain researchauthors
Lacquaniti F,Soechting JFdoi
10.1007/BF00237573subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1986-01-01 00:00:00pages
482-96issue
3eissn
0014-4819issn
1432-1106journal_volume
61pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:In healthy subjects, suprathreshold repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) at frequencies >2 Hz prolongs the cortical silent period (CSP) over the course of the train. This progressive lengthening probably reflects temporal summation of the inhibitory interneurons in the stimulated primary motor cortex (M...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-005-0296-3
更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
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更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002210050644
更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00
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更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00340482
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00227333
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-016-4735-0
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00238909
更新日期：1979-07-02 00:00:00
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journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00227307
更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00239202
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-003-1453-1
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-008-1675-3
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002210050916
更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-011-2857-y
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
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更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Experimental brain research
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更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
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更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
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更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00248749
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The response characteristics of mechanoreceptive neurons (RA, SA, and PC) innervating the foot pad of cat were determined in the cuneate nucleus. The mechanical stimuli were single sinusoidal pulses of varying frequency (20, 60, 150, and 240 Hz), and vibratory trains of varying frequency (80 and 240 Hz) and duration (...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In earlier studies the tetrahydroisoquinoline derivative N-methyl-norsalsolinol (2-MDTIQ) was discovered in lumbar cerebrospinal fluid and brain of patients with Parkinson's disease. To establish whether 2-MDTIQ is toxic to the dopaminergic system, 2-MDTIQ or 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) were stereotactically injected i...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-003-1496-3
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
