Abstract:
:Exogenous ammonium ions (NH(4) (+)) and amine compounds had a profound influence on the antibacterial activity of the myeloperoxidase-hydrogen peroxide-chloride system against Escherichia coli. The rate of killing increased in the presence of NH(4) (+) and certain guanidino compounds and decreased in the presence of alpha-amino acids, polylysine, taurine, or tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane. Myeloperoxidase catalyzed the oxidation of chloride to hypochlorous acid, which reacted either with bacterial amine or amide components or both or with the exogenous compounds to yield chloramine or chloramide derivatives or both. These nitrogen-chlorine derivatives could oxidize bacterial components. Killing was correlated with oxidation of bacterial components. The rate of oxidation of bacterial sulfhydryls increased in the presence of the compounds that increased the rate of killing and decreased in the presence of the other compounds. The reaction of HOCl with NH(4) (+) yielded monochloramine (NH(2)Cl), which could be extracted into organic solvents. The N-Cl derivatives of bacterial components or of polylysine, taurine, or tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane could not be extracted. The effect of NH(4) (+) on killing is attributed to the ability of NH(2)Cl to penetrate the hydrophobic cell membrane and thus to oxidize intracellular components. Polylysine, taurine, and tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane formed high-molecular-weight, charged, or polar N-Cl derivatives that would be unable to penetrate the cell membrane. These results suggest an important role for leukocyte amine components in myeloperoxidase-catalyzed antimicrobial activity in vivo.
journal_name
Infect Immunjournal_title
Infection and immunityauthors
Thomas ELdoi
10.1128/IAI.25.1.110-116.1979subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1979-07-01 00:00:00pages
110-6issue
1eissn
0019-9567issn
1098-5522journal_volume
25pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Active immunization with Escherichia coli-expressed recombinant outer surface protein C (OspC) of Borrelia burgdorferi has been demonstrated to confer protection against a tick-transmitted infection on laboratory animals. A previous study in this laboratory showed that OspC antibody raised against a denatured immunoge...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.67.10.5463-5469.1999
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A solid-phase radioimmunoassay, applying whole Mycobacterium leprae as antigen and radiolabeled protein A from Staphylococcus aureus as antibody-detecting reagent, was used for the determination of specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM antibody responses in leprosy patients. High IgG anti-M. leprae antibody levels w...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.36.3.885-892.1982
更新日期:1982-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the murine model of urinary tract infections (UTI), cystitis by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) occurs through an intimate relationship with the bladder superficial umbrella cell entailing cycles of adherence, invasion, intracellular bacterial community (IBC) formation, and dispersal (fluxing) from the intrac...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.73.11.7657-7668.2005
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Factors which control the levels of catalase within yeast cells of Histoplasma capsulatum were studied. Only a small fraction of the total catalase activity could be detected in whole cells. The bulk of the activity was revealed in cell-free extracts or in cells permeabilized with acetone. The formation of the enzyme ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.39.3.1161-1166.1983
更新日期:1983-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The gene encoding Clostridium sordellii phospholipase C (Csp) was cloned and expressed as a histidine-tagged (His-tag) protein, and the protein was purified to compare its enzymatic and biological activities with those of Clostridium perfringens phospholipase C (Cpa) and Clostridium bifermentans phospholipase C (Cbp)....
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.71.2.641-646.2003
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adult murine models of Cryptosporidium infection involving Cryptosporidium muris and C. parvum were used to study immunity to cryptosporidiosis in the mammalian host. Immunocompetent BALB/c or C57BL/6 mice developed a highly patent infection with the RN 66 strain of C. muris but overcame the infection and were immune ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.60.8.3325-3331.1992
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 7 strains are shown to spontaneously lose cytolytic activity with a frequency of approximately 10(-4). The phenotypic change is associated with the loss of approximately 8.5 kbp of chromosomal DNA. A genomic fragment encoding the cytolysin and its flanking sequences was cloned ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.59.11.4110-4116.1991
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Shigella flexneri a 220-kilobase plasmid encodes the ability to invade nonprofessional phagocytes by a mechanism similar to phagocytosis. In this report, the continuous macrophage cell line J774 was used to study the intracellular fate of both invasive and noninvasive strains. pWR100, the virulence plasmid of S. fl...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.55.3.521-527.1987
更新日期:1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pregnancy-associated malaria is a severe clinical syndrome associated with the sequestration of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes in the placenta. Placental binding is mediated by VAR2CSA, a member of the large and diverse P. falciparum erythrocyte membrane 1 (PfEMP1) protein family. To better understand if ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00410-09
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rabbits immunized with group B type III, group C, and Streptococcus pneumoniae type XIV streptococcal vaccines developed autoantibodies reactive with autologous and isologous erythrocytes and human O-positive erythrocytes at reduced temperatures. The cold agglutinin antibodies were present in both the immunoglobulin M...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.41.1.205-213.1983
更新日期:1983-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI), a human neutrophil granule protein, has been shown to bind lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and neutralize LPS-mediated cytokine production in adherent monocytes and the whole-blood system. In this study we investigated the ability of recombinant human BPI (rBPI) to inhibit ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.62.9.3930-3936.1994
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mutant cultures that lacked the ability to produce filamentous hemagglutinin were obtained by UV irradiation of Bordetella pertussis strain 18-323. Various biological activities of these mutants were compared with those of the parent culture. It was found that the leukocytosis-promoting, histamine-sensitizing, and mou...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.35.3.1018-1023.1982
更新日期:1982-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Delayed hypersensitivity can be induced in C57BL/6J mice by two subcutaneous injections of Merthiolate-killed Blastomyces dermatitidis yeast cells in Freund incomplete adjuvant. Development of delayed hypersensitivity peaked at the day 18 post-primary antigen-emulsion injection, as determined by footpad sensitivity te...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1980-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A major surface antigen of Trichomonas vaginalis was purified by using three independently derived monoclonal antibodies (two immunoglobulin M and one immunoglobulin G1) prepared against T. vaginalis PHS-2J. A 115,000-molecular-weight antigen and one or more components with a molecular weight of 58,000 to 64,000 were ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.49.2.270-274.1985
更新日期:1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A simple and convenient method was developed for the preparation of Streptococcus pneumoniae type 14 polysaccharide (Pn14PS)-tetanus toxoid (TT) conjugate vaccines, using terminally linked Pn14PS fragments of different lengths. Native Pn14PS was simultaneously depolymerized and activated for conjugation by partial N-d...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.66.6.2441-2446.1998
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Salmonella spp. and Shigella spp. are responsible for millions of cases of enteric disease each year worldwide. While these pathogens have evolved distinct strategies for interacting with the human intestinal epithelium, they both induce significant proinflammatory responses that result in massive transepithelial migr...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00407-08
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human colostrum, parotid saliva, and serum were assayed for the presence of naturally occurring antibodies to five serotypes of Streptococcus mutans. Appreciable levels of agglutinins to strains AHT, BHT, 10449, 6715, and LM-7 (groups a leads to e, respectively) were detected in normal colostrum and saliva, whereas re...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.14.2.355-362.1976
更新日期:1976-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The intracellular protozoan Toxoplasma gondii is well known for its skill at invading and living within host cells. New discoveries are now also revealing the astounding ability of the parasite to inject effector proteins into the cytoplasm to seize control of the host cell. This review summarizes recent advances in o...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1128/IAI.05974-11
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacteroides spp. may contribute to the chronicity of mixed infections by affecting the normal functions of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN). This study evaluated the physiologic and biochemical responses of human peripheral blood PMN to a variety of strains of the oral periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas (Bacteroides...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.59.9.3134-3142.1991
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although protective immunity in C57BL/6 mice induced by a single dose of the radiation-attenuated schistosome vaccine is believed to be mediated by Th1-type immune responses, we here report that in BALB/c mice protection can also depend upon signaling via the interleukin-4 (IL-4) receptor which conventionally governs ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.69.1.228-236.2001
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The development of immunological responsiveness to a soluble cercarial antigenic preparation (CAP) from Schistosoma mansoni was analyzed in inbred CBA/J mice infected with cercariae, one or multiple times, or sensitized using CAP. Repeated exposure to 75 cercariae at three weekly intervals (3X-75) or subcutaneous admi...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.14.2.502-508.1976
更新日期:1976-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Macrophage ribonucleic acid (RNA) synthesis is an important metabolic process intimately related to the function of these cells. Mouse peritoneal macrophage RNA was extracted with phenol in the presence of bentonite and electrophoresed on composite agarose-polyacrylamide gels. The pulse-chase technique was used to fol...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.13.6.1531-1538.1976
更新日期:1976-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The fucose-mannose ligand (FML) complex of Leishmania donovani is a promising vaccine candidate against murine and canine visceral leishmaniasis, and its main component is a 36-kDa nucleoside hydrolase (NH36). In this study, we tested the immune response and protection induced by the purified FML, the recombinant NH36...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.73.2.812-819.2005
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::An enhanced memory response, as shown by increased titers of specific immunoglobulin A (IgA), was seen in intestinal secretions from isolated Thiry-Vella loops in rabbits primed orally with live, locally invasive Shigella sp. X16 and challenged 60 days later with a single oral dose of the same antigen. Heat-killed shi...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.47.1.123-128.1985
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Porphyromonas gingivalis is a periodontal pathogen capable of invading primary cultures of normal human gingival epithelial cells (NHGEC). Involvement of P. gingivalis fimbriae in the invasion process was examined. Purified P. gingivalis 33277 fimbriae blocked invasion of this organism into NHGEC in a dose-dependent m...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.65.1.313-316.1997
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The kinetics of attachment and ingestion of Chlamydia trachomatis serotype L1 by monolayers of McCoy cells were studied by using a method that discriminated between attachment and uptake. When about 1% of the McCoy cells was infected, the proteinase K-resistant chlamydial fraction, regarded as ingested chlamydiae, rea...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.42.3.930-935.1983
更新日期:1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Conventionally raised suckling mice were injected intragastrically with 10(5) spores of a Clostridium botulinum type A culture. Botulism was not observed, but 80% or more of mice challenged when 8 to 11 days old had botulinum toxin in the large intestine 3 days later. Mice younger than 7 days or older than 15 days wer...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.21.1.59-63.1978
更新日期:1978-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The genes for outer membrane protein P2 of four nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae strains were cloned and sequenced. The derived amino acid sequences were compared with the outer membrane protein P2 sequence from H. influenzae type b MinnA and the sequences of P2 from three additional nontypeable H. influenzae strain...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.62.6.2639-2643.1994
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The morphology and pathology of cultured mouse glomeruli were examined at the cellular and subcellular levels after infection with a physiological isotonic L-form of Streptococcus pyogenes type 12 or exposure to streptococcal lipoteichoic acid. These changes, as viewed by light microscopy, were identical regardless of...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.42.3.1144-1151.1983
更新日期:1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanism by which Helicobacter pylori, which has little or no invasive activity, induces gastric-tissue inflammation and injury has not been well characterized. We have previously demonstrated that water-extracted proteins of H. pylori are capable of activating human monocytes by a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-indepe...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.63.4.1183-1187.1995
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00