Cellular immune response in rnu/rnu rats. I. Lectin responsiveness and IL-2 production kinetics of natural cytotoxicity and spleen-cell surface marker expression.

abstract：:The glucocorticoid-induced tumour necrosis factor receptor family related gene (GITR) has been reported to be expressed on the activated T and CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells (Treg). Signalling triggered by GITR not only neutralizes the suppressive effect of Treg cells, but also augments activation, proliferation and...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Lee SK,Choi BK,Kim YH,Kang WJ,Kim KH,Sakaguchi S,Suh JH,Kim TY,Kwon BS

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Activation of naive CD8(+) T cells in the presence of interleukin-4 modulates their CD8 co-receptor expression and functional differentiation, resulting in the generation of CD8(low) cells that produce type 2 cytokines and display poor cytolytic and anti-tumour activity. Although this CD8(low) phenotype becomes stable...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Olver S,Apte SH,Baz A,Kelso A,Kienzle N

更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the study described here, the effect of human tears and purified lactoferrin was investigated on the deposition of complement components on solid-phase bound immune complexes. After incubating immune complexes with fresh normal human serum, the deposition of complement components (C3, C4 and C5) was measured with a...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Kievits F,Kijlstra A

更新日期：1985-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The immunizing ability of immune complexes preformed between EA and EA-hyperimmune serum was investigated in adult rats. After immunization with complexes at equivalence, the pattern of suppressed IgE responsiveness was similar to that induced when a small volume of immune serum accompanied routine immunization. We ha...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Hall EP,Gault EA

更新日期：1987-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In addition to macromolecular interactions that provide co-stimulation during antigen-presenting cell (APC) and CD4+ T-cell conjugation, covalent chemical events between specialized ligands have been implicated in T-cell co-stimulation. These take the form of transient Schiff base formation between carbonyls and amine...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Hall SR,Rhodes J

更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CD45 has been recognized as an important player in regulating signalling in lymphocytes. However, compared with tyrosine kinases, phosphatases are still poorly understood in terms of the details of their specificity and regulation. Here, the recent progress in understanding the biology of the first recognized receptor...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Holmes N

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cancer immune surveillance is considered to be an important host protection process to inhibit carcinogenesis and to maintain cellular homeostasis. In the interaction of host and tumour cells, three essential phases have been proposed: elimination, equilibrium and escape, which are designated the 'three E's'. Several ...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Kim R,Emi M,Tanabe K

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Francisella tularensis is a Gram-negative intracellular bacterium that is the causative agent of tularaemia. Concerns regarding its use as a bioterrorism agent have led to a renewed interest in the biology of infection, host response and pathogenesis. A robust T-cell response is critical to confer protection against F...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Valentino MD,Maben ZJ,Hensley LL,Woolard MD,Kawula TH,Frelinger JA,Frelinger JG

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Haemolytic assays were used to compare alternative and classical complement (C) pathway activities in sera obtained from neonatal pigs reared on porcine colostrum, bovine colostrum or an immunoglobulin-free synthetic diet. Dramatic increases in immunoglobulin concentrations were noted in the colostrum-fed animals duri...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Renshaw HW,Gilmore RJ

更新日期：1980-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have shown that human endothelial cells (EC) are protected against complement-mediated injury by the inducible expression of decay-accelerating factor (DAF). To understand further the importance of DAF regulation, we characterized EC DAF expression on murine EC in vitro and in vivo using a model of glomerulonephrit...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Ahmad SR,Lidington EA,Ohta R,Okada N,Robson MG,Davies KA,Leitges M,Harris CL,Haskard DO,Mason JC

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Runx1 transcription factor is highly expressed at a CD4/CD8-double-negative (DN) stage of thymocyte development but is down-regulated when cells proceed to the double-positive (DP) stage. In the present study, we examined whether the down-regulation of Runx1 is necessary for thymocyte differentiation from the DN to DP...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Wong WF,Nakazato M,Watanabe T,Kohu K,Ogata T,Yoshida N,Sotomaru Y,Ito M,Araki K,Telfer J,Fukumoto M,Suzuki D,Sato T,Hozumi K,Habu S,Satake M

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Deficiency in gammadelta T cells aggravates colitis in animal models suggesting that gammadelta T cells have regulatory properties. Therefore, proliferation, suppression and cytokine secretion of human gammadelta T cells were determined in vitro. Human peripheral gammadelta T cells were isolated from the whole blood o...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Kühl AA,Pawlowski NN,Grollich K,Blessenohl M,Westermann J,Zeitz M,Loddenkemper C,Hoffmann JC

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human β-defensin 3 (hBD-3) activates antigen-presenting cells through Toll-like receptors (TLRs) 1/2. Several TLR1/2 agonists have been identified but little is known about how they might differentially affect cellular activation. We compared the effects of hBD-3 with those of another TLR1/2 agonist, Pam(3) CSK(4) , i...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Funderburg NT,Jadlowsky JK,Lederman MM,Feng Z,Weinberg A,Sieg SF

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The suppression of immune responsiveness to heterologous antigenic stimulation during concurrent infection with Nematospiroides dubius was reproduced using soluble antigens derived from adult parasites. Immunosuppression appeared to be selective in that the administration of equivalent quantities of an irrelevant hete...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Pritchard DI,Ali NM,Behnke JM

更新日期：1984-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The 'binding' of IgE to particulate preparations derived from sonicated purified rat mast cells was measured by the blocking of PCA titrations of the supernatant solutions from incubations with such preparations. It was found that the PCA blocking reaction was inhibited by the addition of calcium ion to the incubation...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Bach MK,Brashler JR

更新日期：1976-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Different cell types, including dendritic cells, macrophages and Ia+ B cells, have been described to present soluble antigen (Ag) to T-cell hybridomas. However, it is still not clear whether these different cell types can act as antigen-presenting cells (APC) for complex and insoluble Ag such as viral particles. Using...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Scheerlinck JP,Burssens G,Brys L,Michel A,Hauser P,De Baetselier P

更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The activation of macrophages by various stimuli leading to chemotactic migration and phagocytosis is known to be mediated by an increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i). We measured changes in [Ca2+]i using a Ca2+ imaging method in individual human macrophages differentiated from freshly prepared periph...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Oshimi Y,Miyazaki S,Oda S

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a multifunctional cytokine with a broad range of activities and can affect a variety of target cells or systems in multiple ways. However, there is currently no consensus on how IL-6 directly affects the peripheral nervous tissue. We performed histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses ...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Deretzi G,Pelidou SH,Zou LP,Quiding C,Zhu J

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Host-versus-graft (HVG) syndrome is the fatal allogenic disease which develops in susceptible strains of inbred mice following their perinatal inoculation with related F1 hybrid spleen cells. Deaths are caused by pathogenic immune complexes. It is thought that the antibody components of these complexes are produced by...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Hard RC,Patel MR,Keller LM,Linna TJ

更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) antibodies have been known for some time to be functionally monovalent. Recently, the structural basis for this monovalency has been elucidated: the in vivo exchange of IgG half-molecules (one H-plus one L-chain) among IgG4. This process results in bispecific antibodies that in most situations...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Aalberse RC,Schuurman J

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gene ablation studies in mice indicate that lymphotoxin (LT)alpha, LTbeta and LTbetaR are essential for the genesis of lymph nodes (LN), normal structural development of peripheral lymphoid tissues and the differentiation of natural killer (NK) cells. LTbetaR binds to the heterotrimeric cytokines LTalpha1beta2 and LIG...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Kather A,Chantakru S,He H,Minhas K,Foster R,Markert UR,Pfeffer K,Croy BA

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A large proportion of intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) comprises alpha beta and gamma delta T-cell receptor (TcR)-bearing T cells. The numbers of alpha beta and gamma delta IEL are reported to be very different between germ-free and conventional microbial conditions. In this study, we investigated the kine...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Umesaki Y,Setoyama H,Matsumoto S,Okada Y

更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Factors that influence the generation and maintenance of memory CD8+ T cells are not fully understood. The homeostasis of memory T cells is highly dynamic and tightly regulated by various stimuli, including cytokines and antigen-major histocompatibility complex ligands. We characterized the hepatitis C virus (HCV)-spe...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Elrefaei M,El-Sheikh N,Kamal K,Cao H

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Apolipoprotein-E (apoE) is expressed at high levels by macrophages. In addition to its role in lipid transport, macrophage-derived apoE plays an important role in immunoregulation. Previous studies have identified macrophage subpopulations that differ substantially in their ability to synthesize specific cytokines and...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Tedla N,Glaros EN,Brunk UT,Jessup W,Garner B

更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The expression of natural cytotoxicity in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue of the rat was investigated. Intra-epithelial lymphocytes (IEL) isolated from the small intestine had a similar frequency of cytotoxic and tumour target binding cells as the spleen. However, cytotoxic activity was low in Peyer's patches and m...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Flexman JP,Shellam GR,Mayrhofer G

更新日期：1983-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this study we aimed to elucidate the physiological role of gammadelta intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) in the mouse intestine. For this purpose, we used T-cell receptor (TCR) Vgamma4/Vdelta5 transgenic mice (KN 6 Tg: BALB/c background, H-2d), and compared the immunological and physiological characteristics of the ...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Matsumoto S,Nanno M,Watanabe N,Miyashita M,Amasaki H,Suzuki K,Umesaki Y

更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Using double staining for T-cell receptor (TCR) and 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BRdU) we have examined the proliferation rates and lifespan of murine intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL's) in vivo. After a 24-hr pulse of BRdU the number of labelled alpha beta TCR+ IEL was significantly higher in the ileum than the duodenum....

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Penney L,Kilshaw PJ,MacDonald TT

更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to pokeweed mitogen (PWM) stimulation was investigated with combined light (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The DNA content of the nucleus of a cell (measured by fluorescence) was compared directly with the diameter and morphological features (by SEM). It ...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Wouters CH,van der Weij JP,Koper GJ,Daems WT,de Vries E,Ploem JS

更新日期：1986-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The neonatal Fc receptor, FcRn, plays a central role in immunoglobulin G (IgG) transport across placental barriers. Genetic variations of FcRn-dependent transport across the placenta may influence antibody-mediated pathologies of the fetus and the newborn. Sequencing analysis of 20 unrelated individuals demonstrated n...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Sachs UJ,Socher I,Braeunlich CG,Kroll H,Bein G,Santoso S

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Treatment of patients with septic shock using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to endotoxin is still controversial. Clinical trials of E5, one of the mAbs directed against the lipid A moiety of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), are currently in progress. The mechanisms of action of this, and other antibodies under clinical evalua...

journal_title：Immunology

authors： Seelen MA,Athanassiou P,Lynn WA,Norsworthy P,Walport MJ,Cohen J,Davies KA

更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00