Abstract:
:The response of the lens to changes in the distribution and concentration of electrolytes can be measured by characterizing the changes in resistivity that occur secondary to variations in intracellular composition. Regional intracellular cytoplasmic resistivities of lens fiber cells can be approximated by homogenates isolated from the cortex and nucleus of the lens. The cortical, transitional, and nuclear calf lens homogenate resistivities at physiologic water concentrations were established to be 186.04 +/- 12.79, 297.69 +/- 18.95, and 421.74 +/- 69.64 omega cm respectively. The physiologic water content of the calf lens is 70.25 +/- 0.94% in the cortex and 54.33 +/- 1.28% in the nucleus. These data suggest that the increasing cortico-nuclear resistivity gradient is accompanied by a decreasing electrolyte concentration and a progressive cortico-nuclear dehydration. The corresponding mature bovine cortical and nuclear homogenate resistivities are 204.82 +/- 13.92 and 628.30 +/- 111.81 omega cm. When compared with calf homogenates the mature bovine cortical resistivity is nearly identical; while the elevated nuclear resistivity is attributable to a continual nuclear dehydration that occurs secondary to aging. Resistivity measurements performed on decapsulated lens homogenates reveal a close correspondence between calf and human lenses. Whereas, the elevated resistivity of the mature bovine decapsulated lens homogenate is attributable to a progressively dehydrated nucleus that increases in size with age. Supplementary data gathered from hydration and dehydration experiments performed on cortical and nuclear homogenates were used to characterize anatomical variations in resistivity as a function of total water content. These data indicate that the resistivity of the cortical homogenate is inversely proportional to the electrolyte concentration, whereas the resistivity of the nuclear homogenate is primarily dependent upon the mobilities of the electrolyte species with the highest concentrations. As the water concentration of the nuclear homogenate is increased to non-physiologic levels the resistivity becomes concentration-dependent, and is no longer is no longer dominated by the mobility.
journal_name
Exp Eye Resjournal_title
Experimental eye researchauthors
McEwan JR,Farnsworth PNdoi
10.1016/s0014-4835(87)80164-1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1987-04-01 00:00:00pages
567-76issue
4eissn
0014-4835issn
1096-0007journal_volume
44pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Mechanical failure of the ciliary zonule characterizes several ocular and systemic diseases. The mouse has emerged as a useful model system to investigate the composition and structure/function relationships of the zonule. However, visualizing the organization of the diaphanous fibers that comprise the zonule is techn...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2019.05.025
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory activity of the heparan sulfate suleparoide on vascular cell growth in vitro and angiogenesis in vivo. Human HUV-EC-C endothelial cell proliferation and microvessel sprouting from cultured rat aortic rings were assayed by the bioreduction of 3-[4,5-dimethylthiaz...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exer.1998.0512
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A newly-developed fibre-optic sensor (wavelength of 670 nm) was used to measure the index gradient in 16 human lenses ranging in age from 38 to 78 years. Two of these lenses had nuclear cataract. The refractive index, calculated from the proportion of reflected light at the sensor/sample interface, appeared to increas...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0014-4835(05)80097-1
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to elucidate the expression of chemokines, their role and regulation in bacterial corneal infection using three bacterial strains (Pseudomonas. aeruginosa- invasive, cytotoxic and contact lens induced acute red eye strains) which have been shown to produce three distinct patterns of corneal d...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0014-4835(02)00270-1
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the study was to evaluate the antiproliferative and cytotoxic properties of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) on human retinal pigment epithelium cells (ARPE19) and the role of epicellular crystalline deposits. Monolayer cultures of ARPE19 cells were used. Purified or unpurified crystalline TA suspension (0.01-1...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2006.02.012
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Electrical field stimulation produced contractions of the rabbit isolated iris sphincter muscle which were completely blocked by tetrodotoxin (10(-6) M). Low frequency (0.16-5 Hz) responses were atropine-resistant, but were prevented by sensory (trigeminal) denervation, and were considered to be owing to antidromic st...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4835(84)90099-x
更新日期:1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Various concentrations of three dopamine antagonists (fluphenazine, haloperidol and sulpiride) with different affinities to the receptor subtypes were applied in order to test their effect on responses from outer (isolated PIII-component of the ERG), middle (b-wave) and inner (optic nerve response, ONR) retinal layers...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4835(91)90038-g
更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Limbal microvascular endothelial cells (L-MVEC) contribute to formation of the corneal-limbal stem cell niche and to neovascularization of diseased and injuries corneas. Nevertheless, despite these important roles in corneal health and disease, few attempts have been made to isolate L-MVEC with the view to studying th...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2014.12.008
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies suggest that an alpha 2-related isoform of the catalytic subunit is predominant in the lens fiber cells. The alpha 1 isoform is predominant in the lens epithelium (Garner, Horwitz and Enomoto, 1992). Data are presented to show that strophanthidin-sensitive K+ transport is sustained by both of these le...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exer.1994.1068
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mice are now routinely utilized in studies of aqueous humor outflow dynamics. In particular, conventional aqueous outflow facility (C) is routinely measured via perfusion of the aqueous chamber by a number of laboratories. However, in mouse eyes perfused ex-vivo, values for C are variable depending upon whether the pe...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2017.08.011
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vitreous from bovine, human and chick embryo has been found to contain a trypsin inhibitory activity. Chymotrypsin-inhibitory activity was also identified in bovine and chick embryo vitreous. Following either ultrafiltration or Bio Gel P-10 chromatography, these activities appear in fractions having a molecular weight...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4835(85)90031-4
更新日期:1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tears serve as a viable diagnostic fluid with advantages including less invasive sample to collect and less complex to prepare for analysis. Several water-soluble and fat-soluble vitamins were detected and quantified in human tears and compared with blood serum levels. Samples from 15 family pairs, each pair consistin...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2016.12.007
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::To apply nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to study the penetration of dexamethasone phosphate into the aqueous humour from rabbit following topical administration. After topical administration of 0.1%, 1.0% and 10% dexamethasone phosphate solutions, respectively, samples of aqueous humour were aspirated, ...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exer.1997.0429
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanical, histological and pharmacological properties of the isolated cat ophthalmociliary artery are reported and compared for passively stretched ring segments from three locations on the artery. Ring segments were mounted in a modified myograph system after the method of Hogestatt, Andersson and Edvinsson (19...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4835(92)90047-v
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Photoreceptor outer segments (OS) in the vertebrate retina undergo a process of continual renewal involving shedding of disc membranes that are cleared by phagocytic uptake into the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). In dystrophic Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) rats, OS phagocytosis is blocked by a mutation in the gen...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2015.08.006
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP) is a vitamin A carrier present only in the extracellular material lying between the neural retina and the retinal pigment epithelium of vertebrate eyes. The amount of retinol bound endogenously by IRBP in this interphotoreceptor space is known to increase upon illumin...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4835(91)90239-b
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Porcine models of ophthalmological diseases are often used in pre-clinical translational studies due to pigs' similarities to humans. In particular, the iodoacetic acid (IAA) model of photoreceptor degeneration seems to mimic well the endstage phenotype of human pathologies as retinitis pigmentosa and age-related macu...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2020.107979
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The zebrafish retina regenerates in response to acute retinal lesions, replacing damaged neurons with new neurons. In this study we test the hypothesis that chronic stress to inner retinal neurons also triggers a retinal regeneration response in the bugeye zebrafish. Mutations in the lrp2 gene in zebrafish are associa...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2011.06.001
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of soluble VEGF on human choroidal endothelial cell (CEC) transmigration across an RPE monolayer as it relates to choroidal neovascularization in AMD. In coculture assays, ARPE-19 (ARPE) was plated on the undersides of Transwell inserts having 0.4 microm pores. ...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2005.08.021
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A HPLC method for determination of ascorbic acid and dehydroascorbic acid in plasma and aqueous and vitreous humors of rabbits is described. Values for total ascorbic acid concentration found in this study are in agreement with those of previous investigators. Endotoxin-induced ocular inflammation caused a decrease in...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0014-4835(85)80019-1
更新日期:1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Retinal pigment epithelial cell dysfunction mediated by reactive oxygen intermediates has been suggested as a possible cause of age-related macular degeneration. To test the hypothesis that retinal pigment cells are susceptible to genetic damage mediated by reactive oxygen intermediates, retinal pigment epithelial cel...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exer.1998.0661
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The redox homeostasis is controlled by several enzyme systems. Sulfhydryl groups in lens proteins are very sensitive to oxidative stress and can easily conjugate with nonprotein thiols (S-thiolation) to form protein-thiol mixed disulfides. We have observed an elevation of protein S-S-glutathione (PSSG) and protein-S-S...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exer.1997.0464
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hyaluronan (HA) distribution in the posterior eye wall from the vitreous through the sclera, with special consideration to localization in the retina and interphotoreceptor matrix (IPM), was evaluated in human, bovine, guinea pig, dog, rat and mouse tissues using a specific probe for HA (bHABC, biotinylated hyaluronan...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exer.1997.0422
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The in vitro and in vivo effects of a new immunomodulating agent, bucillamine, on experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) was studied in the rat. The capacity of S-antigen-sensitized lymphocytes to proliferate in response to the antigen or to produce antigen-specific antibodies was significantly suppressed by bucillamin...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exer.1994.1036
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) infection leads to impaired corneal sensation and, in severe cases, to corneal ulceration, melting and perforation. Here, we explore the potential therapeutic action of pigment epithelial-derived factor (PEDF) plus docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on corneal inflammation and nerve regener...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2017.06.015
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study evaluated the efficacy of Plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF-Endoret) on the corneal wound healing process after Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). To address this, blood from three healthy donors was collected, centrifuged and, the whole plasma column (WP) and the plasma fraction with the highest platelet...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2013.07.007
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have shown that retinal damage induced by damaging light exposure is more severe in superior retina than inferior retina when measured along the vertical meridian of eyes. However, the extent of retinal damage over all retinal regions is not clear. Albino rats were exposed to bright light (5000 lux fo...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2008.06.002
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The human lens crystallin gene CRYGC T5P is associated with Coppock-like cataract and has a phenotype of a dust-like opacity of the fetal lens nucleus and deep cortical region. Previous in vitro mutation studies indicate that the protein has changed conformation, solubility, and stability, which may make it susceptibl...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2008.08.021
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the study was to determine anatomical and growth factor profiles in patients with clinically significant macular oedema (CSMO) undergoing pars plana vitrectomy (PPV). Twenty patients with moderate nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) with persistent CSMO underwent PPV. Patients had baseline and post...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2005.10.002
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty-three human lenses from age 3-76 years were studied. Lenses obtained 24-36 post-mortem were exposed to monochromatic light (435.8 and 546.1 nm) in the I parallel and I+ modes and to white (tungsten lamp) unpolarized radiation. The light scattering intensities were obtained as a function of scattering angles fro...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4835(85)90089-2
更新日期:1985-07-01 00:00:00