Actively transcribed genes in the raf oncogene group, located on the X chromosome in mouse and human.

abstract：:Individuals with higher educational attainment live healthier and longer lives. However, not everyone benefits equally from higher education. In particular, the black-white gap in life expectancy is greater at higher levels of educational attainment. Furthermore, recent research suggests that disadvantaged African Ame...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gaydosh L,Schorpp KM,Chen E,Miller GE,Harris KM

更新日期：2018-01-02 00:00:00

abstract：:In many plant species only a small proportion of buds yield branches. Both the timing and extent of bud activation are tightly regulated to produce specific branching architectures. For example, the primary shoot apex can inhibit the activation of lateral buds. This process is termed apical dominance and is dependent ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Prusinkiewicz P,Crawford S,Smith RS,Ljung K,Bennett T,Ongaro V,Leyser O

更新日期：2009-10-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The extinction of a species is inevitably preceded by the extirpation of a series of local populations. Ecological theory predicts that vulnerability to extirpation varies between populations and is ultimately linked to environmental heterogeneity. If populations of a species are present in multiple regions separated ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yackulic CB,Sanderson EW,Uriarte M

更新日期：2011-03-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Protein kinase A (PKA) is activated during sympathetic stimulation of the heart and phosphorylates key proteins involved in cardiac Ca(2+) handling, including the L-type Ca(2+) channel (Ca(V)1.2) and phospholamban (PLN). This results in acceleration and amplification of the beat-to-beat changes in cytosolic Ca(2+) in ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jones BW,Brunet S,Gilbert ML,Nichols CB,Su T,Westenbroek RE,Scott JD,Catterall WA,McKnight GS

更新日期：2012-10-16 00:00:00

abstract：:In the mammalian retina, extensive processing of spatiotemporal and chromatic information occurs. One key principle in signal transfer through the retina is parallel processing. Two of these parallel pathways are the ON- and OFF-channels transmitting light and dark signals. This dual system is created in the outer ple...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hack I,Peichl L,Brandstätter JH

更新日期：1999-11-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The induction of antigen-specific tolerance is critical for the prevention of autoimmunity and maintenance of immune tolerance. In addition to their classical role as sentinels of the immune response-inducing T cell reactivity, dendritic cells (DCs) play an important role in maintaining peripheral tolerance through th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chorny A,Gonzalez-Rey E,Fernandez-Martin A,Pozo D,Ganea D,Delgado M

更新日期：2005-09-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Mononegaviruses are promising tools as oncolytic vectors and transgene delivery vectors for gene therapy and regenerative medicine. By using the Magnet proteins, which reversibly heterodimerize upon blue light illumination, photocontrollable mononegaviruses (measles and rabies viruses) were generated. The Magnet prote...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tahara M,Takishima Y,Miyamoto S,Nakatsu Y,Someya K,Sato M,Tani K,Takeda M

更新日期：2019-06-11 00:00:00

abstract：:RNA interference (RNAi) is triggered in eukaryotic organisms by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), and it destroys any mRNA that has sequence identity with the dsRNA trigger. The RNAi pathway in Anopheles gambiae can be silenced by transfecting cells with dsRNA derived from exon sequence of the A. gambiae Argonaute2 (AgAgo2...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Keene KM,Foy BD,Sanchez-Vargas I,Beaty BJ,Blair CD,Olson KE

更新日期：2004-12-07 00:00:00

abstract：:It was recently demonstrated that amyloid beta (Abeta) peptide vaccination was effective in reducing the Abeta burden in Alzheimer model mice. However, the clinical trial was halted because of the development of meningoencephalitis in some patients. To overcome this problem, anti-Abeta antibody therapy and other types...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Okura Y,Miyakoshi A,Kohyama K,Park IK,Staufenbiel M,Matsumoto Y

更新日期：2006-06-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Human diploid fibroblasts (HDFs) possess Ca(2+)-dependent membrane currents. These currents were suppressed in late-passage normal (senescent) HDFs and prematurely senescent HDFs derived from a subject with Werner syndrome (WS), compared with early-passage normal (young) HDFs. When young HDFs were microinjected with m...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu S,Thweatt R,Lumpkin CK Jr,Goldstein S

更新日期：1994-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) and Angelman syndrome (AS) result from the loss of function of imprinted genes in human chromosome 15q11-q13. The central part of mouse chromosome 7 is homologous to human 15q11-q13, with conservation of both gene order and imprinted features. We report here the characterization of a transg...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gabriel JM,Merchant M,Ohta T,Ji Y,Caldwell RG,Ramsey MJ,Tucker JD,Longnecker R,Nicholls RD

更新日期：1999-08-03 00:00:00

abstract：:We are investigating the feasibility of using the positive-strand RNA virus Sindbis virus and its defective interfering (DI) particles as vectors for introducing foreign genes into cells. In previous work we showed by deletion mapping of a cloned cDNA derived from one of the DI RNAs that only nucleotides at the 3' and...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Levis R,Huang H,Schlesinger S

更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A cloned Bacillus subtilis gene (sprE) expressed only during the stationary growth phase is shown to encode the subtilisin E protease, an enzyme associated with sporulation. We have determined the DNA sequence of the sprE promoter region and the promoter-proximal half of the structural gene. The sprE gene codes for a ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wong SL,Price CW,Goldfarb DS,Doi RH

更新日期：1984-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Most, but not all, aged rats exhibit a profound deficit in spatial memory when tested in a radial maze--a task known to depend on the integrity of the hippocampal formation. In this study, animals were divided into three groups based on their spatial memory capacity: young adult rats with good memory, aged rats with i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Geinisman Y,de Toledo-Morrell L,Morrell F

更新日期：1986-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) selectively degrades the monomer of amyloidogenic peptides and contributes to clearance of amyloid β (Aβ). Thus, IDE retards the progression of Alzheimer's disease. IDE possesses an enclosed catalytic chamber that engulfs and degrades its peptide substrates; however, the molecular mechan...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： McCord LA,Liang WG,Dowdell E,Kalas V,Hoey RJ,Koide A,Koide S,Tang WJ

更新日期：2013-08-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Relatively little is known about the biochemical mechanisms through which the Epstein-Barr virus latent infection integral membrane protein 1 (LMP1) transmembrane domains cause constitutive LMP1 aggregation and continuous cytoplasmic C terminus-mediated signal transduction. We now evaluate the role of the three consec...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yasui T,Luftig M,Soni V,Kieff E

更新日期：2004-01-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Small RNAs (sRNAs) are hypothesized to contribute to hybrid vigor because they maintain genome integrity, contribute to genetic diversity, and control gene expression. We used Illumina sequencing to assess how sRNA populations vary between two maize inbred lines (B73 and Mo17) and their hybrid. We sampled sRNAs from t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Barber WT,Zhang W,Win H,Varala KK,Dorweiler JE,Hudson ME,Moose SP

更新日期：2012-06-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies have shown that hemophilia B (Christmas disease; factor IX deficiency) results from many different mutations in the factor IX gene, of which greater than 95% are single nucleotide substitutions. This study has identified a previously unreported form of hemophilia B in a patient who was a somatic mosaic for a g...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Taylor SA,Deugau KV,Lillicrap DP

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:RAG1 and RAG2 are lymphoid-specific genes that together induce V(D)J recombinase activity in a variety of nonlymphoid cell types. While no other lymphoid-specific factors are required to induce recombination, other factors with more widespread expression patterns have been implicated in the reaction. However, none of ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cuomo CA,Kirch SA,Gyuris J,Brent R,Oettinger MA

更新日期：1994-06-21 00:00:00

abstract：:We have measured the oxygen concentration in the body water of murine FSa and NFSa fibrosarcomas using a new method for quantitative oxygen concentration determination deep in the tissues of a living animal. The measurement uses unusually low-frequency electron paramagnetic spectroscopy sensitive to substrate 7 cm dee...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Halpern HJ,Yu C,Peric M,Barth E,Grdina DJ,Teicher BA

更新日期：1994-12-20 00:00:00

abstract：:A key feature of immune evasion for African trypanosomes is the functional specialization of their surface membrane in an invagination known as the flagellar pocket (FP), the cell's sole site of endocytosis and exocytosis. The FP membrane is biochemically distinct yet continuous with those of the cell body and the fla...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gadelha C,Rothery S,Morphew M,McIntosh JR,Severs NJ,Gull K

更新日期：2009-10-13 00:00:00

abstract：:This article discusses some of the similarities between work being done by economists and by physicists seeking to contribute to economics. We also mention some of the differences in the approaches taken and seek to justify these different approaches by developing the argument that by approaching the same problem from...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Stanley HE,Amaral LA,Buldyrev SV,Gopikrishnan P,Plerou V,Salinger MA

更新日期：2002-02-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaM-KII) regulates numerous physiological functions, including neuronal synaptic plasticity through the phosphorylation of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid-type glutamate receptors. To identify proteins that may interact with and modulate CaM-KII fun...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chang BH,Mukherji S,Soderling TR

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We report on the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and TNF-beta by mitogen-activated peripheral blood lymphocytes or enriched monocyte subpopulations from human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-typed healthy subjects. The results indicate that HLA-DR2- and DQw1-positive donors frequently exhibit low production of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jacob CO,Fronek Z,Lewis GD,Koo M,Hansen JA,McDevitt HO

更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sexual arousal is a dynamical, highly coordinated neurophysiological process that is often induced by visual stimuli. Numerous studies have proposed that the cognitive processing stage of responding to sexual stimuli is the first stage, in which sex differences occur, and the divergence between men and women has been ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mitricheva E,Kimura R,Logothetis NK,Noori HR

更新日期：2019-07-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Amputation of the zebrafish caudal fin stimulates regeneration of the dermal skeleton and reexpression of sonic hedgehog (shh)-signaling pathway genes. Expression patterns suggest a role for shh signaling in the secretion and patterning of the regenerating dermal bone, but a direct role has not been demonstrated. We e...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Quint E,Smith A,Avaron F,Laforest L,Miles J,Gaffield W,Akimenko MA

更新日期：2002-06-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Fibronectin (FN) forms the primitive fibrillar matrix in both embryos and healing wounds. To study the matrix in living cell cultures, we have constructed a cell line that secretes FN molecules chimeric with green fluorescent protein. These FN-green fluorescent protein molecules were assembled into a typical matrix th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ohashi T,Kiehart DP,Erickson HP

更新日期：1999-03-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The soybean genome hosts a family of several hundred, relatively homogeneous copies of a large, copia/Ty1-like retroelement designated SIRE-1. A copy of this element has been recovered from a Glycine max genomic library. DNA sequence analysis of two SIRE-1 subclones revealed that SIRE-1 contains a long, uninterrupted,...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Laten HM,Majumdar A,Gaucher EA

更新日期：1998-06-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The SCF ubiquitin ligase complex of budding yeast triggers DNA replication by catalyzing ubiquitination of the S phase cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor SIC1. SCF is composed of three proteins-ySKP1, CDC53 (Cullin), and the F-box protein CDC4-that are conserved from yeast to humans. As part of an effort to identify co...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lyapina SA,Correll CC,Kipreos ET,Deshaies RJ

更新日期：1998-06-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Watching someone scratch himself can induce feelings of itchiness in the perceiver. This provides a unique opportunity to characterize the neural basis of subjective experiences of itch, independent of changes in peripheral inputs. In this study, we first established that the social contagion of itch is essentially a ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Holle H,Warne K,Seth AK,Critchley HD,Ward J

更新日期：2012-11-27 00:00:00