Direct visualization of receptors for thyrotropin-releasing hormone with a fluorescein-labeled analog.

abstract：:Over the past decade or more, contradictory evidence of Martian climate, indicating that surface temperatures seldom if ever approach the melting point of water at midlatitudes, and geomorphic features, consistent with liquid flows at these same latitudes, have proven difficult to reconcile. In this article, we demons...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shinbrot T,Duong NH,Kwan L,Alvarez MM

更新日期：2004-06-08 00:00:00

abstract：:The light-harvesting phycobilisome in cyanobacteria and red algae requires the lyase-catalyzed chromophorylation of phycobiliproteins. There are three functionally distinct lyase families known. The heterodimeric E/F type is specific for attaching bilins covalently to α-subunits of phycocyanins and phycoerythrins. Unl...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhao C,Höppner A,Xu QZ,Gärtner W,Scheer H,Zhou M,Zhao KH

更新日期：2017-12-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Oxidative stress is known to cause tumorigenesis through induction of DNA and lipid damage. It also promotes cancer progression through a largely unknown mechanism. Sulfiredoxin (Srx) is a novel oxidative stress-induced antioxidant protein whose function in tumorigenesis and cancer progression has not been well studie...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wei Q,Jiang H,Xiao Z,Baker A,Young MR,Veenstra TD,Colburn NH

更新日期：2011-04-26 00:00:00

abstract：:In the United States, blood donors are being screened for infection with human T cell lymphotropic viruses I and II (HTLV-I/II) by serologic means, which detect antibodies to the structural proteins of these viruses. Because patients with mycosis fungoides (MF) usually do not have such antibodies even though their cel...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zucker-Franklin D,Pancake BA,Marmor M,Legler PM

更新日期：1997-06-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Methane emissions in the Arctic are important, and may be contributing to global warming. While methane emission rates from Arctic lakes are well documented, methods are needed to quantify the relative contribution of active layer groundwater to the overall lake methane budget. Here we report measurements of natural t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Paytan A,Lecher AL,Dimova N,Sparrow KJ,Kodovska FG,Murray J,Tulaczyk S,Kessler JD

更新日期：2015-03-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutant I1A cells, lacking IL-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK) mRNA and protein, have been used to study the involvement of IRAK in NFkappaB and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation. A series of IRAK deletion constructs were expressed in I1A cells, which were then tested for their ability to respond to IL-1. Bot...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li X,Commane M,Jiang Z,Stark GR

更新日期：2001-04-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Preincubation of quiescent BALB/C3T3 cells with uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) in conditioned medium resulted in a time- and concentration-dependent stimulation of uptake of 2-deoxyglucose, uridine, and alpha-aminoisobutyric acid over that seen in conditioned medium alone. The apparent Km values ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Natraj CV,Datta P

更新日期：1978-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fusions with the bacterial gene for chloramphenicol acetyltransferase followed by P-element-mediated germ-line transformation in Drosophila have permitted localization of the DNA sequence that confers a high degree of developmental specificity on a pair of silkmoth eggshell (chorion) genes. The short, 272-base-pair, 5...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mitsialis SA,Spoerel N,Leviten M,Kafatos FC

更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Murine-virus-infected erythroleukemia cells cultured in a medium with dimethylsulfoxide or N,N-dimethylformamide are induced to differentiate to erythroid cells. A number of highly polar compounds have a similar effect in inducing erythroid differentiation of the virus-infected cells, as assayed by the appearance of h...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tanaka M,Levy J,Terada M,Breslow R,Rifkind RA,Marks PA

更新日期：1975-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Experimental intramolecular vibrational dephasing transients for several large organic molecules are reanalyzed. Fits to the experimental data, as well as full numerical quantum calculations with a factorized potential surface for all active degrees of freedom of fluorene indicate that power law decays, not exponentia...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gruebele M

更新日期：1998-05-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Many approaches to the origin of life focus on how the molecules found in biology might be made in the absence of biological processes, from the simplest plausible starting materials. Another approach could be to view the emergence of the chemistry of biology as process whereby the environment effectively directs "pri...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Surman AJ,Rodriguez-Garcia M,Abul-Haija YM,Cooper GJT,Gromski PS,Turk-MacLeod R,Mullin M,Mathis C,Walker SI,Cronin L

更新日期：2019-03-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The tissue-specific expression of the chicken liver cell adhesion molecule (L-CAM) was studied by generating transgenic mice. The rat insulin II promoter was fused to a chicken L-CAM cDNA or to chicken genomic L-CAM sequences. Mice carrying the cDNA showed no expression of L-CAM. Mice carrying L-CAM genomic sequences ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Begemann M,Tan SS,Cunningham BA,Edelman GM

更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The recent development of metallic glass-matrix composites represents a particular milestone in engineering materials for structural applications owing to their remarkable combination of strength and toughness. However, metallic glasses are highly susceptible to cyclic fatigue damage, and previous attempts to solve th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Launey ME,Hofmann DC,Johnson WL,Ritchie RO

更新日期：2009-03-31 00:00:00

abstract：:The two major disease-causing biotypes of Vibrio cholerae, classical and El Tor, exhibit differences in their epidemic nature. Their behavior in the laboratory also differs in that El Tor strains produce two major virulence factors, cholera toxin (CT) and the toxin coregulated pilus (TCP), only under very restricted g...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： DiRita VJ,Neely M,Taylor RK,Bruss PM

更新日期：1996-07-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Volumetric detection and accurate quantification of fluorescent proteins in entire animals would greatly enhance our ability to monitor biological processes in vivo. Here we present a quantitative tomographic technique for visualization of superficial and deep-seated (>2-3 mm) fluorescent protein activity in vivo. We ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zacharakis G,Kambara H,Shih H,Ripoll J,Grimm J,Saeki Y,Weissleder R,Ntziachristos V

更新日期：2005-12-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous studies in Saccharomyces cerevisiae have defined an essential role for the Dbf4-Cdc7 kinase complex in the initiation of DNA replication presumably by phosphorylation of target proteins, such as the minichromosome maintenance (Mcm) complex. We have examined the phosphorylation of the Mcm complex by the Dfp1-H...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lee JK,Seo YS,Hurwitz J

更新日期：2003-03-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Type-1 reactions (T1R) are pathological inflammatory episodes and main contributors to nerve damage in leprosy. Here, we evaluate the genewise enrichment of rare protein-altering variants in 7 genes where common variants were previously associated with T1R. We selected 474 Vietnamese leprosy patients of which 237 were...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fava VM,Xu YZ,Lettre G,Van Thuc N,Orlova M,Thai VH,Tao S,Croteau N,Eldeeb MA,MacDougall EJ,Cambri G,Lahiri R,Adams L,Fon EA,Trempe JF,Cobat A,Alcaïs A,Abel L,Schurr E

更新日期：2019-07-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Overexpression of the Gossypium hirsutum sucrose synthase (SuSy) gene under the control of 2 promoters was examined in hybrid poplar (Populus alba x grandidentata). Analysis of RNA transcript abundance, enzyme activity, cell wall composition, and soluble carbohydrates revealed significant changes in the transgenic lin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Coleman HD,Yan J,Mansfield SD

更新日期：2009-08-04 00:00:00

abstract：:A central paradox in type 2 diabetes is the apparent selective nature of hepatic insulin resistance--wherein insulin fails to suppress hepatic glucose production yet continues to stimulate lipogenesis, resulting in hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and hepatic steatosis. Although efforts to explain this have focused on f...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Vatner DF,Majumdar SK,Kumashiro N,Petersen MC,Rahimi Y,Gattu AK,Bears M,Camporez JP,Cline GW,Jurczak MJ,Samuel VT,Shulman GI

更新日期：2015-01-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The type of cytokines produced during T cell responses determines susceptibility or resistance to many pathogens and influences the development of autoimmunity and allergy. To define the role of individual accessory molecules in cytokine production during primary immune responses, Drosophila cell lines expressing muri...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Luksch CR,Winqvist O,Ozaki ME,Karlsson L,Jackson MR,Peterson PA,Webb SR

更新日期：1999-03-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Splenic cells from one BALB/c mouse and one C57/BL mouse, immunized with purified rat liver glucocorticoid receptor (GR), were fused with the mouse myeloma cell line Sp 2/0-Ag 14. Screening for production of anti-GR-antibodies by the hybridomas was carried out with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, using partially...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Okret S,Wikström AC,Wrange O,Andersson B,Gustafsson JA

更新日期：1984-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rat brain and adrenal gland were analyzed by hybridization histochemistry using an RNA probe complementary to mRNA for tyrosine 3-hydroxylase (TyrOHase; tyrosine 3-monooxygenase, EC 1.14.16.2), by immunohistochemistry using TyrOHase antiserum, and by retrograde tracing using the fluorescent compound Fast blue. Cell bo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schalling M,Hökfelt T,Wallace B,Goldstein M,Filer D,Yamin C,Schlesinger DH

更新日期：1986-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The p6 domain of HIV-1 Gag contains highly conserved peptide motifs that recruit host machinery to sites of virus assembly, thereby promoting particle release from the infected cell. We previously reported that mutations in the YPXnL motif of p6, which binds the host protein Alix, severely impair HIV-1 replication. Pr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Van Duyne R,Kuo LS,Pham P,Fujii K,Freed EO

更新日期：2019-04-30 00:00:00

abstract：:High vein density, a distinctive trait of C4 leaves, is central to both C3-to-C4 evolution and conversion of C3 to C4-like crops. We tested the hypothesis that high vein density in C4 leaves is due to elevated auxin biosynthesis and transport in developing leaves. Up-regulation of genes in auxin biosynthesis pathways ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Huang CF,Yu CP,Wu YH,Lu MJ,Tu SL,Wu SH,Shiu SH,Ku MSB,Li WH

更新日期：2017-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The internal promoter of the Xenopus laevis oocyte-type 5S RNA gene is preferentially cleaved by S1 and Bal-31 nucleases in plasmid DNA. S1 nuclease sensitivity is largely dependent on supercoiling; however, Bal-31 cleaves within the 5S RNA gene in linear as well as in supercoiled DNA. The S1 nuclease-hypersensitive s...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Reynolds WF,Gottesfeld JM

更新日期：1985-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous work has shown that serotonin induces an increase in membrane K+ conductance in Aplysia neuron R15 and that this response is mediated by cAMP. The present study examines the role of protein phosphorylation in the response to serotonin. A specific inhibitor of cAMP-dependent protein kinase was injected intrace...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Adams WB,Levitan IB

更新日期：1982-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neutrophils are immune cells that bind to, engulf, and destroy bacterial and fungal pathogens in infected tissue, and their clearance by apoptosis is essential for the resolution of inflammation. Killing involves both oxidative and nonoxidative processes, the oxidative pathway requiring electrogenic production of supe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fay AJ,Qian X,Jan YN,Jan LY

更新日期：2006-11-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The excision and reintegration of transposable elements (TEs) restructure their host genomes, generating cellular diversity involved in evolution, development, and the etiology of human diseases. Our current knowledge of TE behavior primarily results from bulk techniques that generate time and cell ensemble averages, ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kim NH,Lee G,Sherer NA,Martini KM,Goldenfeld N,Kuhlman TE

更新日期：2016-06-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Excitatory synaptic transmission in the mammalian central nervous system is mediated predominantly by glutamate receptor (GluR) channels of the alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionate/kainate (AMPA/KA) receptor type. A major improvement in our understanding of glutamatergic synaptic transmission has been ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Keller BU,Blaschke M,Rivosecchi R,Hollmann M,Heinemann SF,Konnerth A

更新日期：1993-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepatitis C virus subverts liver-specific microRNA, miR-122, to upregulate viral RNA abundance in both infected cultured cells and in the liver of infected chimpanzees. These findings have identified miR-122 as an attractive antiviral target. Thus, it is imperative to know whether a distinct functional complex exists ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Machlin ES,Sarnow P,Sagan SM

更新日期：2011-02-22 00:00:00