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Environmental control programs the emergence of distinct functional ensembles from unconstrained chemical reactions.

Abstract：

:Many approaches to the origin of life focus on how the molecules found in biology might be made in the absence of biological processes, from the simplest plausible starting materials. Another approach could be to view the emergence of the chemistry of biology as process whereby the environment effectively directs "primordial soups" toward structure, function, and genetic systems over time. This does not require the molecules found in biology today to be made initially, and leads to the hypothesis that environment can direct chemical soups toward order, and eventually living systems. Herein, we show how unconstrained condensation reactions can be steered by changes in the reaction environment, such as order of reactant addition, and addition of salts or minerals. Using omics techniques to survey the resulting chemical ensembles we demonstrate there are distinct, significant, and reproducible differences between the product mixtures. Furthermore, we observe that these differences in composition have consequences, manifested in clearly different structural and functional properties. We demonstrate that simple variations in environmental parameters lead to differentiation of distinct chemical ensembles from both amino acid mixtures and a primordial soup model. We show that the synthetic complexity emerging from such unconstrained reactions is not as intractable as often suggested, when viewed through a chemically agnostic lens. An open approach to complexity can generate compositional, structural, and functional diversity from fixed sets of simple starting materials, suggesting that differentiation of chemical ensembles can occur in the wider environment without the need for biological machinery.

journal_name

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

journal_title

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors

Surman AJ,Rodriguez-Garcia M,Abul-Haija YM,Cooper GJT,Gromski PS,Turk-MacLeod R,Mullin M,Mathis C,Walker SI,Cronin L

doi

10.1073/pnas.1813987116

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-03-19 00:00:00

pages

5387-5392

issue

eissn

0027-8424

issn

1091-6490

pii

1813987116

journal_volume

116

pub_type

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Environmental control programs the emergence of distinct functional ensembles from unconstrained chemical reactions.