Histidines, heart of the hydrogen ion channel from influenza A virus: toward an understanding of conductance and proton selectivity.

abstract：:In a search for a model cell system that might allow studies of the function of the Rho-related GTPase CDC42Hs in human cells, we measured the content and distribution of CDC42Hs in monocytes that were differentiating into macrophages. The total content of this protein increased 5- to 6-fold in phorbol ester-treated h...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Aepfelbacher M,Vauti F,Weber PC,Glomset JA

更新日期：1994-05-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Signaling in the nervous system requires matching of neurotransmitter receptors with cognate neurotransmitters at synapses. The vertebrate neuromuscular junction is the best studied cholinergic synapse, but the mechanisms by which acetylcholine is matched with acetylcholine receptors are not fully understood. Because ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Borodinsky LN,Spitzer NC

更新日期：2007-01-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Sheep antibodies directed against an AMP-bovine serum albumin conjugate exhibit highly specific binding toward AMP. These antibodies bind to the AMP moiety of adenylylated glutamine synthetase [L-glutamate:ammonia ligase (ADP-forming), EC 6.3.1.2] from Escherichia coli and to no other antigenic determinant on the prot...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hohman RJ,Rhee SG,Stadtman ER

更新日期：1980-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Activation of naïve cluster of differentiation (CD)8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) is a tightly regulated process, and specific dendritic cell (DC) subsets are typically required to activate naive CTLs. Potential pathways for antigen presentation leading to CD8(+) T-cell priming include direct presentation, cross-...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li L,Kim S,Herndon JM,Goedegebuure P,Belt BA,Satpathy AT,Fleming TP,Hansen TH,Murphy KM,Gillanders WE

更新日期：2012-07-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Modification by covalent attachment of polyethylene glycol (PEG) can reduce the immunogenicity and prolong the circulating life of proteins, but the utility of this approach for any protein is restricted by the number and distribution of PEG attachment sites (e.g., epsilon-amino groups of lysine residues). We have dev...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hershfield MS,Chaffee S,Koro-Johnson L,Mary A,Smith AA,Short SA

更新日期：1991-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The early detection of pathogens with epidemic potential is of major importance to public health. Most emerging infections result in dead-end "spillover" events in which a pathogen is transmitted from an animal reservoir to a human but is unable to achieve the sustained human-to-human transmission necessary for a full...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Geoghegan JL,Senior AM,Di Giallonardo F,Holmes EC

更新日期：2016-04-12 00:00:00

abstract：:An alpha-bungarotoxin-horseradish peroxidase conjugate, which binds specificity to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, was synthesized. This conjugate was bound by 5-7% of the synapses in the inner plexiform layer of the chicken retina. Bipolar ribbon synapses as well as amacrine synapses bound the conjugate. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Vogel Z,Maloney GJ,Ling A,Daniels MP

更新日期：1977-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A proton NMR method is described for determining the orientation of a porphyrin within the heme pocket of a hemoprotein. The pattern of the hyperfine-shifted heme methyl resonances in low-spin ferric model compounds is demonstrated to characteristically reflect the position of a localized low-symmetry perturbation on ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： La Mar GN,Budd DL,Viscio DB,Smith KM,Langry KC

更新日期：1978-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:MyoD is a master regulatory gene for myogenesis. Its product, the MyoD protein, appears to act by binding to muscle-specific enhancer sequences. We show that MyoD binds cooperatively to two sites in the muscle-specific creatine kinase enhancer; this is dramatically reflected in dissociation-rate measurements. A deleti...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Weintraub H,Davis R,Lockshon D,Lassar A

更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Osmotically shocked Escherichia coli and membrane vesicle ghosts from E. coli cells have lost the ability to accumulate potassium by active transport. The addition of valinomycin to the membrane ghosts restores the capacity to accumulate radioactive (42)K and (86)Rb by a temperature- and energy-dependent process. Memb...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bhattacharyya P,Epstein W,Silver S

更新日期：1971-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two related oncogenes, TCL-1 and MTCP-1, are overexpressed in T cell prolymphocytic leukemias as a result of chromosomal rearrangements that involve the translocation of one T cell receptor gene to either chromosome 14q32 or Xq28. The crystal structure of human recombinant MTCP-1 protein has been determined at 2.0 A r...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fu ZQ,Du Bois GC,Song SP,Kulikovskaya I,Virgilio L,Rothstein JL,Croce CM,Weber IT,Harrison RW

更新日期：1998-03-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutations in superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) cause familial ALS. Mutant SOD1 preferentially associates with the cytoplasmic face of mitochondria from spinal cords of rats and mice expressing SOD1 mutations. Two-dimensional gels and multidimensional liquid chromatography, in combination with tandem mass spectrometry, rev...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li Q,Vande Velde C,Israelson A,Xie J,Bailey AO,Dong MQ,Chun SJ,Roy T,Winer L,Yates JR,Capaldi RA,Cleveland DW,Miller TM

更新日期：2010-12-07 00:00:00

abstract：:A "supercooled" liquid develops when a fluid does not crystallize upon cooling below its ordering temperature. Instead, the microscopic relaxation times diverge so rapidly that, upon further cooling, equilibration eventually becomes impossible and glass formation occurs. Classic supercooled liquids exhibit specific id...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kassner ER,Eyvazov AB,Pichler B,Munsie TJ,Dabkowska HA,Luke GM,Davis JC

更新日期：2015-07-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Several groups have attempted to develop gene therapy strategies to treat cancer via introduction of the wild-type (wt) p53 cDNA into cancer cells. Unfortunately, these approaches do not result in regulated expression of the p53 gene and do not reduce expression of the mutant p53 that is overexpressed in cancerous cel...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Watanabe T,Sullenger BA

更新日期：2000-07-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Rifamycin antibiotics, which inhibit RNA-directed DNA polymerase of Rauscher leuckemia virus, prevent the leukemogenic activity of the virus, and the effect of leukemogenesis correlates with the magnitude of inhibition of the purified enzyme. This inhibition of enzyme activity by rifamycin SV derivatives is due to a r...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wu AM,Ting RC,Gallo RC

更新日期：1973-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The majority of biological turnover of lignocellulosic biomass in nature is conducted by fungi, which commonly use Family 1 carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs) for targeting enzymes to cellulose. Family 1 CBMs are glycosylated, but the effects of glycosylation on CBM function remain unknown. Here, the effects of O-man...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chen L,Drake MR,Resch MG,Greene ER,Himmel ME,Chaffey PK,Beckham GT,Tan Z

更新日期：2014-05-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Activator-dependent recruitment of TFIID initiates formation of the transcriptional preinitiation complex. TFIID binds core promoter DNA elements and directs the assembly of other general transcription factors, leading to binding of RNA polymerase II and activation of RNA synthesis. How TATA box-binding protein (TBP) ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wright KJ,Marr MT 2nd,Tjian R

更新日期：2006-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Ecological responses to on-going climate change are numerous, diverse, and taxonomically widespread. However, with one exception, the relative roles of phenotypic plasticity and microevolution as mechanisms in explaining these responses are largely unknown. Several recent studies have uncovered evidence for temporal d...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Teplitsky C,Mills JA,Alho JS,Yarrall JW,Merilä J

更新日期：2008-09-09 00:00:00

abstract：:A modification of the polymerase chain reaction has been used to establish the fact that a collection of Staphylococcus aureus toxins are "superantigens," each of which interacts with the T-cell alpha beta receptor of human T cells by means of a specific set of V beta elements. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Choi YW,Kotzin B,Herron L,Callahan J,Marrack P,Kappler J

更新日期：1989-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pattern of neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is very distinctive: neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) composed of hyperphosphorylated tau selectively affect pyramidal neurons of the aging association cortex that interconnect extensively through glutamate synapses on dendritic spines. In contrast, primary se...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Carlyle BC,Nairn AC,Wang M,Yang Y,Jin LE,Simen AA,Ramos BP,Bordner KA,Craft GE,Davies P,Pletikos M,Šestan N,Arnsten AF,Paspalas CD

更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Overexpression of the Gossypium hirsutum sucrose synthase (SuSy) gene under the control of 2 promoters was examined in hybrid poplar (Populus alba x grandidentata). Analysis of RNA transcript abundance, enzyme activity, cell wall composition, and soluble carbohydrates revealed significant changes in the transgenic lin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Coleman HD,Yan J,Mansfield SD

更新日期：2009-08-04 00:00:00

abstract：:A computer code to investigate the equilibrium and stability of a diffuse plasma in three dimensions is described that generalizes earlier work on a sharp free boundary model. Toroidal equilibria of a plasma are determined by considering paths of steepest descent associated with a new version of the variational princi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Betancourt O,Garabedian P

更新日期：1976-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although gamma/delta T cells express numerous in vitro functions similar to alpha/beta T cells, little is known about their biological functioning in vivo. Furthermore, it is unclear whether alpha/beta T cells and gamma/delta T cells act independently or in a coordinated way. In the present study, gamma/delta T cells ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kaufmann SH,Blum C,Yamamoto S

更新日期：1993-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Daily rhythmic processes are coordinated by circadian clocks, which are present in numerous central and peripheral tissues. In mammals, two circadian clocks, the food-entrainable oscillator (FEO) and methamphetamine-sensitive circadian oscillator (MASCO), are "black box" mysteries because their anatomical loci are unk...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pendergast JS,Oda GA,Niswender KD,Yamazaki S

更新日期：2012-08-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Crosses between closely related animal species often result in male hybrids that are sterile, and the molecular and functional basis of genetic factors for hybrid male sterility is of great interest. Here, we report a molecular and functional analysis of HMS1, a region of 9.2 kb in chromosome 3 of Drosophila mauritian...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liénard MA,Araripe LO,Hartl DL

更新日期：2016-07-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Messenger RNA from rat liver was partially purified by chromatography on cellulose on the basis of its poly(A) content. Microgram amounts of this RNA stimulate protein synthesis manyfold in a heterologous cell-free system, derived from Krebs ascites cells supplemented with reticulocyte initiation factors. The messenge...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schutz G,Beato M,Feigelson P

更新日期：1973-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The HLA class II-associated invariant chain (Ii)-derived peptide (CLIP) occupies the peptide binding groove during assembly in the endoplasmic reticulum, travels with HLA class II to endosomal compartments, and is subsequently released to allow binding of antigenic peptides. We investigated whether the exchange of CLI...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： van Bergen J,Schoenberger SP,Verreck F,Amons R,Offringa R,Koning F

更新日期：1997-07-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Mycoplasmas require an external source of sterol for growth. For Mycoplasma capricolum this requirement is met not only by cholesterol but also by the methylcholestane derivatives lanosterol, cycloartenol, 4,4-dimethylcholesterol, and 4beta-methylcholestanol. Cholesteryl methyl ether and 3alpha-methylcholestanol serve...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Odriozola JM,Waitzkin E,Smith TL,Bloch K

更新日期：1978-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tauopathies are a class of neurodegenerative diseases associated with pathological tau. Despite many advances in our understanding of these diseases, the direct mechanism through which tau contributes to neurodegeneration remains poorly understood. Previously, our laboratory implicated the histone demethylase LSD1 in ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Engstrom AK,Walker AC,Moudgal RA,Myrick DA,Kyle SM,Bai Y,Rowley MJ,Katz DJ

更新日期：2020-11-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Pure water in a highly (1)H spin-polarized state is proposed as a contrast-agent-free contrast agent to visualize its macroscopic evolution in aqueous media by MRI. Remotely enhanced liquids for image contrast (RELIC) utilizes a (1)H signal of water that is enhanced outside the sample in continuous-flow mode and immed...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： McCarney ER,Armstrong BD,Lingwood MD,Han S

更新日期：2007-02-06 00:00:00