Efficient loading of HLA-DR with a T helper epitope by genetic exchange of CLIP.

abstract：:Metabolic imaging of the relative amounts of reduced NADH and FAD and the microenvironment of these metabolic electron carriers can be used to noninvasively monitor changes in metabolism, which is one of the hallmarks of carcinogenesis. This study combines cellular redox ratio, NADH and FAD lifetime, and subcellular m...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Skala MC,Riching KM,Gendron-Fitzpatrick A,Eickhoff J,Eliceiri KW,White JG,Ramanujam N

更新日期：2007-12-04 00:00:00

abstract：:NaeI is a remarkable type II restriction endonuclease. It must bind two recognition sequences to cleave DNA, forms a covalent protein-DNA intermediate, and is only 1 aa change away from topoisomerase and recombinase activity. The latter activities apparently derive from reactivation of a cryptic DNA ligase active site...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Colandene JD,Topal MD

更新日期：1998-03-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Natural ecosystems contain many individuals and species interacting with each other and with their abiotic environment. Such systems can be expected to exhibit complex dynamics in which small perturbations can be amplified to cause large changes. Here, we document the reorganization of an arid ecosystem that has occur...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Brown JH,Valone TJ,Curtin CG

更新日期：1997-09-02 00:00:00

abstract：:In photosynthesis, light is captured by antenna proteins. These proteins transfer the excitation energy with almost 100% quantum efficiency to the reaction centers, where charge separation takes place. The time scale and pathways of this transfer are controlled by the protein scaffold, which holds the pigments at opti...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Müh F,Madjet Mel-A,Adolphs J,Abdurahman A,Rabenstein B,Ishikita H,Knapp EW,Renger T

更新日期：2007-10-23 00:00:00

abstract：:By applying atomic force microscope (AFM)-based force spectroscopy together with computational modeling in the form of molecular force-field simulations, we have determined quantitatively the actuation energetics of a synthetic motor-molecule. This multidisciplinary approach was performed on specifically designed, bis...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Brough B,Northrop BH,Schmidt JJ,Tseng HR,Houk KN,Stoddart JF,Ho CM

更新日期：2006-06-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The thyroid hormone and retinoid X receptors form a heterodimer with each other and mediate thyroid hormone (T3)-dependent transcription. Retinoid X receptor, in addition, forms a homodimer and mediates 9-cis-retinoic acid-dependent transcription. Here, recombinant thyroid hormone receptor and recombinant retinoid X r...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lee IJ,Driggers PH,Medin JA,Nikodem VM,Ozato K

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Resistance to cobalt, zinc, and cadmium specified by the czc determinant on plasmid pMOL30 in Alcaligenes eutrophus results from a cation efflux system. Five membrane-bound polypeptides that were expressed in Escherichia coli from this determinant under the control of a phage T7 promoter were assigned to four open rea...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nies DH,Nies A,Chu L,Silver S

更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Highly expanded Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) boundary section from the Chicxulub peak ring, recovered by International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP)-International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP) Expedition 364, provides an unprecedented window into the immediate aftermath of the impact. Site M0077 inclu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gulick SPS,Bralower TJ,Ormö J,Hall B,Grice K,Schaefer B,Lyons S,Freeman KH,Morgan JV,Artemieva N,Kaskes P,de Graaff SJ,Whalen MT,Collins GS,Tikoo SM,Verhagen C,Christeson GL,Claeys P,Coolen MJL,Goderis S,Goto K,

更新日期：2019-09-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Maize domestication is one of the greatest feats of artificial selection and evolution, wherein a weedy plant in Central Mexico was converted through human-mediated selection into the most productive crop in the world. In fact, the changes were so astounding that it took much of the last century to identify modern mai...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tian F,Stevens NM,Buckler ES 4th

更新日期：2009-06-16 00:00:00

abstract：:In early stages of various pulmonary diseases, such as emphysema and fibrosis, the change in X-ray attenuation is not detectable with absorption-based radiography. To monitor the morphological changes that the alveoli network undergoes in the progression of these diseases, we propose using the dark-field signal, which...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schleede S,Meinel FG,Bech M,Herzen J,Achterhold K,Potdevin G,Malecki A,Adam-Neumair S,Thieme SF,Bamberg F,Nikolaou K,Bohla A,Yildirim AÖ,Loewen R,Gifford M,Ruth R,Eickelberg O,Reiser M,Pfeiffer F

更新日期：2012-10-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Pertussis toxin, a protein composed of five different subunits (S1, S2, S3, S4, and S5), is the major virulence factor of Bordetella pertussis. We have cloned and sequenced a DNA fragment of 4.7 kilobases that contains the genes coding for the five subunits. The genes are clustered within 3.2 kilobases in the followin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nicosia A,Perugini M,Franzini C,Casagli MC,Borri MG,Antoni G,Almoni M,Neri P,Ratti G,Rappuoli R

更新日期：1986-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A fibroblast growth regulator, which inhibits the growth and division of proliferating fibroblasts, has been isolated from medium conditioned by exposure to density-inhibited mouse 3T3 cells. This partially purified preparation of the growth-inhibitory activity, termed FGR-s, contained two major polypeptides (Mrs, 10,...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hsu YM,Barry JM,Wang JL

更新日期：1984-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nature of domestic cattle origins in Africa are unclear as archaeological data are relatively sparse. The earliest domesticates were humpless, or Bos taurus, in morphology and may have shared a common origin with the ancestors of European cattle in the Near East. Alternatively, local strains of the wild ox, the au...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bradley DG,MacHugh DE,Cunningham P,Loftus RT

更新日期：1996-05-14 00:00:00

abstract：:We have previously described how T and natural killer (NK) lineage commitment proceeds from common T/NK progenitors (p-T/NK) in the murine fetal thymus (FT), with the use of a clonal assay system capable of discriminating p-T/NK from unipotent T or NK lineage-committed progenitors (p-T and p-NK, respectively). The mol...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ikawa T,Fujimoto S,Kawamoto H,Katsura Y,Yokota Y

更新日期：2001-04-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Renal excretion of water and major electrolytes exhibits a significant circadian rhythm. This functional periodicity is believed to result, at least in part, from circadian changes in secretion/reabsorption capacities of the distal nephron and collecting ducts. Here, we studied the molecular mechanisms underlying circ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zuber AM,Centeno G,Pradervand S,Nikolaeva S,Maquelin L,Cardinaux L,Bonny O,Firsov D

更新日期：2009-09-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Tissue cultures of Actinidia kolomikta can be maintained as callus through repeated passages on a nutrient medium devoid of cytokinin but containing inorganic nutrients, sucrose, and other basal organics plus auxin. Under these conditions, actively growing callus contained 2 and 0.5 nmol of the cytokinins zeatin [io(6...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Einset JW

更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuropathy target esterase (NTE) is a neuronal membrane protein originally identified for its property to be modified by organo-phosphates (OPs), which in humans cause neuropathy characterized by axonal degeneration. Drosophila mutants for the homolog gene of NTE, swisscheese (sws), indicated a possible involvement of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Akassoglou K,Malester B,Xu J,Tessarollo L,Rosenbluth J,Chao MV

更新日期：2004-04-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Vertebrate hematopoietic stem cells are derived from vental mesoderm, which is postulated to migrate to both extra- and intraembryonic positions during gastrula and neurula stages. Extraembryonic migration has previously been documented, but the origin and migration of intraembryonic hematopoietic cells have not been ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Detrich HW 3rd,Kieran MW,Chan FY,Barone LM,Yee K,Rundstadler JA,Pratt S,Ransom D,Zon LI

更新日期：1995-11-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Apolipoprotein L-1 (APOL1), the trypanolytic factor of human serum, can lyse several African trypanosome species including Trypanosoma brucei brucei, but not the human-infective pathogens T. brucei rhodesiense and T. brucei gambiense, which are resistant to lysis by human serum. Lysis follows the uptake of APOL1 into ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Thomson R,Finkelstein A

更新日期：2015-03-03 00:00:00

abstract：:S3I-201 (NSC 74859) is a chemical probe inhibitor of Stat3 activity, which was identified from the National Cancer Institute chemical libraries by using structure-based virtual screening with a computer model of the Stat3 SH2 domain bound to its Stat3 phosphotyrosine peptide derived from the x-ray crystal structure of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Siddiquee K,Zhang S,Guida WC,Blaskovich MA,Greedy B,Lawrence HR,Yip ML,Jove R,McLaughlin MM,Lawrence NJ,Sebti SM,Turkson J

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Both neocortical and hippocampal networks organize the firing patterns of their neurons by prominent oscillations during sleep, but the functional role of these rhythms is not well understood. Here, we show a robust correlation of neuronal discharges between the somatosensory cortex and hippocampus on both slow and fi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sirota A,Csicsvari J,Buhl D,Buzsáki G

更新日期：2003-02-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Experimental exclusion of the Andean flamingo (Phoenicoparrus andinus) from shallow water areas of a salt lake in the Bolivian Andes caused large increases in the biomass of microorganisms inhabiting the surface sediments, especially a large diatom (Surirella wetzeli), amebas, ciliates, and nematodes. This is a conser...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hurlbert SH,Chang CC

更新日期：1983-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We demonstrate gene transfer into rat heart in vivo by the direct injection of plasmid DNA. Injection of gene constructs driven by retroviral and cellular promoters resulted in detectable levels of reporter gene activities. The cellular promoter and 5' flanking sequence (positions -613 to +32) were derived from the ra...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kitsis RN,Buttrick PM,McNally EM,Kaplan ML,Leinwand LA

更新日期：1991-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Phosphatidylcholine (PC) is the major glycerophospholipid in eukaryotic cells and is an essential component in all cellular membranes. The biochemistry of de novo PC synthesis by the Kennedy pathway is well established, but less is known about the physiological functions of PC. We identified two unrelated patients wit...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Payne F,Lim K,Girousse A,Brown RJ,Kory N,Robbins A,Xue Y,Sleigh A,Cochran E,Adams C,Dev Borman A,Russel-Jones D,Gorden P,Semple RK,Saudek V,O'Rahilly S,Walther TC,Barroso I,Savage DB

更新日期：2014-06-17 00:00:00

abstract：:To investigate the mechanisms of asbestos-induced carcinogenesis, expression of c-fos and c-jun protooncogenes was examined in rat pleural mesothelial cells and hamster tracheal epithelial cells after exposure to crocidolite or chrysotile asbestos. In contrast to phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, which induces rapid an...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Heintz NH,Janssen YM,Mossman BT

更新日期：1993-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Activation of an anticancer innate immune response is highly desirable because of its inherent ability to generate an adaptive antitumor T-cell response. However, insufficient safety of innate immune modulators limits clinical use to topical applications. Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) agonists are favorably positioned a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Brackett CM,Kojouharov B,Veith J,Greene KF,Burdelya LG,Gollnick SO,Abrams SI,Gudkov AV

更新日期：2016-02-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Most transmissible spongiform encephalopathies arise either spontaneously or by infection. Mutations of PRNP, which encodes the prion protein, PrP, segregate with phenotypically similar diseases. Here we report that moderate overexpression in transgenic mice of mPrP(170N,174T), a mouse PrP with two point mutations tha...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sigurdson CJ,Nilsson KP,Hornemann S,Heikenwalder M,Manco G,Schwarz P,Ott D,Rülicke T,Liberski PP,Julius C,Falsig J,Stitz L,Wüthrich K,Aguzzi A

更新日期：2009-01-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Preadipocytes can give rise to either white adipocytes or beige adipocytes. Owing to their distinct abilities in nutrient storage and energy expenditure, strategies that specifically promote "beiging" of adipocytes hold great promise for counterbalancing obesity and metabolic diseases. Yet, factors dictating the diffe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu K,Lin L,Li Q,Xue Y,Zheng F,Wang G,Zheng C,Du L,Hu M,Huang Y,Shao C,Kong X,Melino G,Shi Y,Wang Y

更新日期：2020-02-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The enhancer-binding factor NF-kappa B, which is found only in cells that transcribe immunoglobulin light chain genes, has been purified from nuclear extracts of Namalwa cells (human Burkitt lymphoma cells) by sequence-specific DNA affinity chromatography. The purified NF-kappa B has been identified as a 51-kDa polype...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kawakami K,Scheidereit C,Roeder RG

更新日期：1988-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Enolase genes from land plants and apicomplexa (intracellular parasites, including the malarial parasite, Plasmodium) share two short insertions. This observation has led to the suggestion that the apicomplexan enolase is the product of a lateral transfer event involving the algal endosymbiont from which the apicomple...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Keeling PJ,Palmer JD

更新日期：2001-09-11 00:00:00