Abstract:
:Mussels adhere to a variety of surfaces by depositing a highly specific ensemble of 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-l-alanine (DOPA) containing proteins. The adhesive properties of Mytilus edulis foot proteins mfp-1 and mfp-3 were directly measured at the nano-scale by using a surface forces apparatus (SFA). An adhesion energy of order W approximately 3 x 10(-4) J/m(2) was achieved when separating two smooth and chemically inert surfaces of mica (a common alumino-silicate clay mineral) bridged or "glued" by mfp-3. This energy corresponds to an approximate force per plaque of approximately 100 gm, more than enough to hold a mussel in place if no peeling occurs. In contrast, no adhesion was detected between mica surfaces bridged by mfp-1. AFM imaging and SFA experiments showed that mfp-1 can adhere well to one mica surface, but is unable to then link to another (unless sheared), even after prolonged contact time or increased load (pressure). Although mechanistic explanations for the different behaviors are not yet possible, the results are consistent with the apparent function of the proteins, i.e., mfp-1 is disposed as a "protective" coating, and mfp-3 as the adhesive or "glue" that binds mussels to surfaces. The results suggest that the adhesion on mica is due to weak physical interactions rather than chemical bonding, and that the strong adhesion forces of plaques arise as a consequence of their geometry (e.g., their inability to be peeled off) rather than a high intrinsic surface or adhesion energy, W.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Lin Q,Gourdon D,Sun C,Holten-Andersen N,Anderson TH,Waite JH,Israelachvili JNdoi
10.1073/pnas.0607852104subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-03-06 00:00:00pages
3782-6issue
10eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490pii
0607852104journal_volume
104pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) thymidine kinase is currently used as a suicide agent in the gene therapy of cancer. This therapy is based on the preferential phosphorylation of nucleoside analogs by tumor cells expressing HSV-1 thymidine kinase. However, the use of HSV-1 thymidine kinase is limited in part by the...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.93.8.3525
更新日期:1996-04-16 00:00:00
abstract::"Head-to-head" terpene synthases catalyze the first committed steps in sterol and carotenoid biosynthesis: the condensation of two isoprenoid diphosphates to form cyclopropylcarbinyl diphosphates, followed by ring opening. Here, we report the structures of Staphylococcus aureus dehydrosqualene synthase (CrtM) complexe...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1010907107
更新日期:2010-12-14 00:00:00
abstract::Proteins, nucleic acids, and fluorescein-conjugated antibody are shown to be identifidable in situ via the fluorescence excited by the focused electron beam of a canning electron microscope. A molecular species is identified by its characteristic fluorescence spectrum and by a characteristic alteration of the spectrum...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.73.2.317
更新日期:1976-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two photochromic activators of the electrogenic membrane of the electroplax of Electrophorus electricus are described. Trans-3,3'-bis[alpha-(trimethylammonium)methyl]azobenzene dibromide (Bis-Q), one of the most potent ever reported, is active at concentrations of less than 10(-7) M. Its cis isomer, which is obtained ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.68.8.1820
更新日期:1971-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The auditory and motor neural systems are closely intertwined, enabling people to carry out tasks such as playing a musical instrument whose mapping between action and sound is extremely sophisticated. While the dorsal auditory stream has been shown to mediate these audio-motor transformations, little is known about h...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1721414115
更新日期:2018-06-26 00:00:00
abstract::Recent research links diet-induced obesity (DIO) with impaired immunity, although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We find that the induction of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cytokines is suppressed in mice with DIO and in bone marrow macrophages (BMMPhi) from mice with DIO exposed to an oral pathogen, Por...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0904412106
更新日期:2009-06-30 00:00:00
abstract::We have developed an approach for deriving and characterizing antigen-receptor (CD3/Ti) signal-transduction mutants. This strategy combines receptor-mediated growth inhibition and fluorescence-activated cell sorting with the Ca2+-indicator indo-1. Despite the expression of structurally normal CD3/Ti complexes, one suc...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.84.19.6879
更新日期:1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The accuracy of dynamical models for reactive scattering of molecular hydrogen, H(2), from metal surfaces is relevant to the validation of first principles electronic structure methods for molecules interacting with metal surfaces. The ability to validate such methods is important to progress in modeling heterogeneous...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1001098107
更新日期:2010-12-07 00:00:00
abstract::Many experiments have been done to determine how far and how freely holes can move along the stack of base pairs in DNA. The results of these experiments are usually described in terms of a parameter beta under the assumption that it describes an exponential decay with distance. The reported values range from beta < 0...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.050074497
更新日期:2000-04-25 00:00:00
abstract::The c-fos protooncogene is transcriptionally activated by a wide variety of agents including serum, growth factors, and phorbol esters. This induction is rapid and transient and is mediated through a number of identified promoter elements. Growth hormone (GH) is also known to induce transcription of c-fos in a variety...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.14.6721
更新日期:1993-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Cyber conflict is now a common and potentially dangerous occurrence. The target typically faces a strategic choice based on its ability to attribute the attack to a specific perpetrator and whether it has a viable punishment at its disposal. We present a game-theoretic model, in which the best strategic choice for the...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1700442114
更新日期:2017-03-14 00:00:00
abstract::Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) signals through a receptor complex containing the type I (TGF-beta RI) and type II (TGF-beta RII) receptors. We describe here biochemical studies on early events in the TGF-beta signaling pathways. TGF-beta RII is highly phosphorylated when expressed alone in COS-1 cells; its...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.92.5.1565
更新日期:1995-02-28 00:00:00
abstract::Cytogenetic analysis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells has accelerated the identification of genes important for AML pathogenesis. To complement cytogenetic studies and to identify genes altered in AML genomes, we performed genome-wide copy number analysis with paired normal and tumor DNA obtained from 86 adult pa...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0903091106
更新日期:2009-08-04 00:00:00
abstract::Viral genome packaging into capsids is powered by high-force-generating motor proteins. In the presence of all packaging components, ATP-powered translocation in vitro expels all detectable tightly bound YOYO-1 dye from packaged short dsDNA substrates and removes all aminoacridine dye from packaged genomic DNA in vivo...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1214318109
更新日期:2012-12-11 00:00:00
abstract::Indole-3-acetic acid is the major auxin in most plants. In Cruciferae, including Brassicaceae, indole-3-acetic acid is synthesized from indole-3-acetonitrile by nitrilase, after indole-3-acetonitrile is formed from tryptophan via indole-3-acetaldoxime or indole glycosinolates as the intermediate. We cloned and sequenc...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.1.247
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Embryos carrying null mutations of both retinoid X receptors alpha and beta (RXRalpha-/-/RXRbeta-/- mutants) were generated. These mutant embryos die between 9.5 and 10.5 days of gestation and display a wide range of abnormalities. The cause of the lethality appears to be the lack of formation of the labyrinthine zone...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.2.547
更新日期:1999-01-19 00:00:00
abstract::Agricultural foods and technologies are thought to have eased the mechanical demands of diet-how often or how hard one had to chew-in human populations worldwide. Some evidence suggests correspondingly worldwide changes in skull shape and form across the agricultural transition, although these changes have proved diff...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1702586114
更新日期:2017-08-22 00:00:00
abstract::Phosphorylation of inositol phospholipids plays a key role in cellular regulation via the generation of intracellular second messengers. In addition, it represents a mechanism to regulate interactions of the lipid bilayer with proteins and protein scaffolds involved in vesicle budding, cytoskeletal organization, and s...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0230488100
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies of natural killer (NK) cell function in vivo have been challenging primarily due to the lack of animal models in which NK cells are genetically and selectively deficient. Here, we describe a transgenic mouse with defective natural killing and selective deficiency in NK1.1(+) CD3(-) cells. Despite functionally ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.050588297
更新日期:2000-03-14 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies imply that the intracellular domain of Notch1 must translocate to the nucleus for its activity. In this study, we demonstrate that a mNotch1 mutant protein that lacks its extracellular domain but retains its membrane-spanning region becomes proteolytically processed on its intracellular surface and, a...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.93.4.1683
更新日期:1996-02-20 00:00:00
abstract::Acquired resistance to androgen receptor (AR)-targeted therapies compels the development of novel treatment strategies for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Here, we report a profound effect of endostatin on prostate cancer cells by efficient intracellular trafficking, direct interaction with AR, reduction ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1417660112
更新日期:2015-02-03 00:00:00
abstract::Rising sea levels and increased storminess are expected to accelerate the erosion of soft-cliff coastlines, threatening coastal infrastructure and livelihoods. To develop predictive models of future coastal change we need fundamentally to know how rapidly coasts have been eroding in the past, and to understand the dri...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1613044113
更新日期:2016-11-22 00:00:00
abstract::Antiviral and macrophage-priming activities in the supernatant medium of a subclone of a concanavalin A-stimulated mouse T-cell hybridoma were investigated. The two activities were associated with a molecular weight of approximately 50,000 and could not be separated by various approaches. Both activities were eliminat...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.80.12.3782
更新日期:1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::All science has uncertainty. Unless that uncertainty is communicated effectively, decision makers may put too much or too little faith in it. The information that needs to be communicated depends on the decisions that people face. Are they (i) looking for a signal (e.g., whether to evacuate before a hurricane), (ii) c...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1317504111
更新日期:2014-09-16 00:00:00
abstract::Kdo (3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid) is an eight-carbon sugar mostly confined to Gram-negative bacteria. It is often involved in attaching surface polysaccharides to their lipid anchors. α-Kdo provides a bridge between lipid A and the core oligosaccharide in all bacterial LPSs, whereas an oligosaccharide of β-Kdo...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1603146113
更新日期:2016-05-31 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously identified by cDNA cloning 5 mRNAs that appear in resting BALB/c 3T3 cells soon after growth stimulation by serum or platelet-derived growth factor. Five additional mRNAs of this class are described in this report. The mRNAs reached peak levels between 40 and 120 min after serum addition and rapidly...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.84.5.1182
更新日期:1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Proteases constitute the largest enzyme family, yet their biological roles are obscured by our rudimentary understanding of their cellular substrates. There are 12 human caspases that play crucial roles in inflammation and cell differentiation and drive the terminal stages of cell death. Recent N-terminomics technolog...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1524900113
更新日期:2016-04-05 00:00:00
abstract::The sensitive and accurate quantification of protein biomarkers plays important roles in clinical diagnostics and biomedical research. Sandwich ELISA and its variants accomplish the capture and detection of a target protein via two antibodies that tightly bind at least two distinct epitopes of the same antigen and hav...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2008312117
更新日期:2020-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::This study demonstrates that significantly shortened telomeres are a hallmark of cardiomyocytes (CMs) from individuals with end-stage hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) or dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) as a result of heritable defects in cardiac proteins critical to contractile function. Positioned at the ends of chromo...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1714538115
更新日期:2018-09-11 00:00:00
abstract::Growth hormone receptor (GHR) has been demonstrated to be nuclear localized both in vivo and in vitro, but the significance of this observation has remained elusive. Here we show that nuclear GHR is strongly correlated with proliferative status in vivo by using a liver regeneration model. In vitro, nuclear translocati...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0600181104
更新日期:2007-08-14 00:00:00