Harmonic dynamics of the abelian sandpile.

abstract：:O-GlcNAc glycosylation (or O-GlcNAcylation) is a dynamic, inducible posttranslational modification found on proteins associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as α-synuclein, amyloid precursor protein, and tau. Deletion of the O-GlcNAc transferase (ogt) gene responsible for the modification causes early postnata...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wang AC,Jensen EH,Rexach JE,Vinters HV,Hsieh-Wilson LC

更新日期：2016-12-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Parinaric acid (9,11,13,15-octadecatetraenoic acid), a conjugated tetraene fatty acid, undergoes a second-order photochemical reaction in phospholipid bilayers. The reaction results in the loss of the characteristic absorption of this chromophore and the development of new absorption demonstrating the presence of a tr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Morgan CG,Hudson B,Wolber PK

更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Rhizobium common nod gene products NodABC are involved in the synthesis of the core lipochitooligosaccharide (Nod factor) structure, whereas the products of the host-specific nod genes are necessary for diverse structural modifications, which vary in different Rhizobium species. The sulfate group attached to the R...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schultze M,Staehelin C,Röhrig H,John M,Schmidt J,Kondorosi E,Schell J,Kondorosi A

更新日期：1995-03-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Mitogen-stimulated scheduled DNA synthesis and DNA excision repair in human lymphocytes, as well as DNA polymerase a activity in a cell-free system, were inhibited by an electrophilic metabolite of benzo[a]pyrene. This metabolite, (+/-)-anti-(7r,8t)-dihydroxy-(9,10t)-epoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahyd robenzo[a]pyrene (BPDE), co...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Busbee DL,Joe CO,Norman JO,Rankin PW

更新日期：1984-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The blood-aqueous barrier plays a key role in regulating aqueous humor homeostasis by selectively restricting passage of proteins into the eye. The kinetics of aqueous flow are traditionally measured using artificial markers; however, these marker molecules do not address the barrier's selective permeability to plasma...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu P,Thomson BR,Khalatyan N,Feng L,Liu X,Savas JN,Quaggin SE,Jin J

更新日期：2018-09-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent findings suggest that neurons can efficiently repair oxidatively damaged DNA, and that both DNA damage and repair are enhanced by activation of excitatory glutamate receptors. However, in pathological conditions such as ischemic stroke, excessive DNA damage can trigger the death of neurons. Oxidative DNA damage...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Canugovi C,Yoon JS,Feldman NH,Croteau DL,Mattson MP,Bohr VA

更新日期：2012-09-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The threshold behavior of the transport properties of a random metal in the critical region near a metal-insulator transition is strongly affected by the measuring electromagnetic fields. In spite of the randomness, the electrical conductivity exhibits striking phase-coherent effects due to broken symmetry, which grea...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Phillips JC

更新日期：1997-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Recombinant full-length CD4 expressed in Spodoptera frugiperda 9 cells with the baculovirus system was electroinserted in erythrocyte (RBC) membranes. Of the inserted CD4, 70% was "correctly" oriented as shown by fluorescence quenching experiments with fluorescein-labeled CD4. The inserted CD4 displayed the same epito...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zeira M,Tosi PF,Mouneimne Y,Lazarte J,Sneed L,Volsky DJ,Nicolau C

更新日期：1991-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disorder, the most common lethal genetic disease in Caucasians. Respiratory disease is the major cause of morbidity and mortality. Indeed, 95% of CF patients die of respiratory failure. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an opportunistic pathogen, chronically infects the lungs of ov...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li JD,Feng W,Gallup M,Kim JH,Gum J,Kim Y,Basbaum C

更新日期：1998-05-12 00:00:00

abstract：:O-GlcNAc is an intracellular posttranslational modification that governs myriad cell biological processes and is dysregulated in human diseases. Despite this broad pathophysiological significance, the biochemical effects of most O-GlcNAcylation events remain uncharacterized. One prevalent hypothesis is that O-GlcNAc m...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Toleman CA,Schumacher MA,Yu SH,Zeng W,Cox NJ,Smith TJ,Soderblom EJ,Wands AM,Kohler JJ,Boyce M

更新日期：2018-06-05 00:00:00

abstract：:We describe the use of a series of gradually expanded thymine nucleobase analogs in probing steric effects in DNA polymerase efficiency and fidelity. In these nonpolar compounds, the base size was increased incrementally over a 1.0-A range by use of variably sized atoms (H, F, Cl, Br, and I) to replace the oxygen mole...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kim TW,Delaney JC,Essigmann JM,Kool ET

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Whereas several apoptosis-related proteins have been linked to the antiapoptotic effects of Akt serine-threonine kinase, the search continues to explain the Akt signaling role in promoting cell survival via antiapoptotic effects. Here, we demonstrate that Akt phosphorylates the androgen receptor (AR) at Ser-210 and Se...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lin HK,Yeh S,Kang HY,Chang C

更新日期：2001-06-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Endoproteolytic processing of the human protein C (HPC) precursor to its mature form involves cleavage of the propeptide after amino acids Lys-2-Arg-1 and removal of a Lys156-Arg157 dipeptide connecting the light and heavy chains. This processing was inefficient in the mammary gland of transgenic mice and pigs. We hyp...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Drews R,Paleyanda RK,Lee TK,Chang RR,Rehemtulla A,Kaufman RJ,Drohan WN,Luboń H

更新日期：1995-11-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) long terminal repeat (LTR) sequences were inserted into adenovirus in place of the E1 region. The HIV-1 LTR contained in this recombinant adenovirus responds to trans-activation by tatIII in a HeLa cell line constitutively expressing that HIV-1 gene product. In addition, the ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rice AP,Mathews MB

更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pathways and enzymes of fatty acid synthase-mediated, long-even-chain (generally C16-C20) fatty acid synthesis are well studied, and general metabolism involved in short-chain (C4-C7) fatty acid biosynthesis is also understood. In contrast, mechanisms of medium-chain (C8-C14) fatty acid synthesis are unclear. Recent w...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kroumova AB,Xie Z,Wagner GJ

更新日期：1994-11-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The hormone gibberellin (GA) is a key regulator of plant growth. Many of the components of the gibberellin signal transduction [e.g., GIBBERELLIN INSENSITIVE DWARF 1 (GID1) and DELLA], biosynthesis [e.g., GA 20-oxidase (GA20ox) and GA3ox], and deactivation pathways have been identified. Gibberellin binds its receptor,...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Middleton AM,Úbeda-Tomás S,Griffiths J,Holman T,Hedden P,Thomas SG,Phillips AL,Holdsworth MJ,Bennett MJ,King JR,Owen MR

更新日期：2012-05-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Whole-cell voltage clamp was used to investigate the properties and spatial distribution of fast-deactivating (FD) Ca channels in squid giant fiber lobe (GFL) neurons. Squid FD Ca channels are reversibly blocked by the spider toxin omega-Agatoxin IVA with an IC50 of 240-420 nM with no effect on the kinetics of Ca chan...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： McFarlane MB,Gilly WF

更新日期：1996-05-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Outer membrane protein (OMP) biogenesis is critical to bacterial physiology because the cellular envelope is vital to bacterial pathogenesis and antibiotic resistance. The process of OMP biogenesis has been studied in vivo, and each of its components has been studied in isolation in vitro. This work integrates paramet...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Costello SM,Plummer AM,Fleming PJ,Fleming KG

更新日期：2016-08-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4) and DNA were assembled into nucleosome-like particles at physiological ionic strengths either by an extract of chromatin rich in nicking-closing activity or by the purified nicking-closing enzyme itself. When histone-DNA complexes were assembled in vitro from relaxed circu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Germond JE,Rouvière-Yaniv J,Yaniv M,Brutlag D

更新日期：1979-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interleukin 1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha are thought to contribute to the inflammatory response associated with autoimmune diseases. Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) counteracts many effects of these cytokines and has various immunosuppressive properties. In the present study, it is shown tha...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kuruvilla AP,Shah R,Hochwald GM,Liggitt HD,Palladino MA,Thorbecke GJ

更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The possible role of guanosine 5'-triphosphate,3'-diphosphate (pppGpp) in protein synthesis by Escherichia coli ribosomes and protein factors was examined. Although pppGpp could effectively substitute for GTP in reactions catalyzed by initiation factor 2 (ribosomal binding of fMet-tRNA and formation of N-formylmethion...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hamel E,Cashel M

更新日期：1973-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this contribution, we consider the advancement of ultrafast electron diffraction and microscopy to cover the attosecond time domain. The concept is centered on the compression of femtosecond electron packets to trains of 15-attosecond pulses by the use of the ponderomotive force in synthesized gratings of optical f...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Baum P,Zewail AH

更新日期：2007-11-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The epothilones are naturally occurring, cytotoxic macrolides that function through a paclitaxel (Taxol)-like mechanism. Although structurally dissimilar, both classes of molecules lead to the arrest of cell division and eventual cell death by stabilizing cellular microtubule assemblies. The epothilones differ in thei...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chou TC,Zhang XG,Harris CR,Kuduk SD,Balog A,Savin KA,Bertino JR,Danishefsky SJ

更新日期：1998-12-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The positions of transition states along reaction coordinates (r++) for simple chemical reactions are often estimated from Leffler alpha values, the slope of plots of DeltaG++ (activation energy) versus DeltaG(0) (equilibrium free energy) for a series of structural variants. Protein folding is more complex than simple...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fersht AR

更新日期：2004-10-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Muscle plasminogen activators (PAs), such as urokinase-like PA and, to a lesser extent, tissue PA, increase dramatically after denervation induced by axotomy. The PA/plasmin system has also been implicated in degradation of specific components of the muscle fiber basement membrane after local activation of plasminogen...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hantaï D,Rao JS,Festoff BW

更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA extracted from Dane particles has been characterized by gel electrophoresis and restriction enzyme cleavage with endonuclease R-HaeIII (from Hemophilus aegyptius). Dane particle DNA is proposed to be a double-stranded circular DNA approximately 3600 nucleotides in length containing a single-stranded gap of 600-210...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Summers J,O'Connell A,Millman I

更新日期：1975-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Voltage-gated sodium (Na(V)) and potassium (K(V)) channels are critical components of neuronal action potential generation and propagation. Here, we report that Na(V)β1 encoded by SCN1b, an integral subunit of Na(V) channels, coassembles with and modulates the biophysical properties of K(V)1 and K(V)7 channels, but no...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nguyen HM,Miyazaki H,Hoshi N,Smith BJ,Nukina N,Goldin AL,Chandy KG

更新日期：2012-11-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Alu elements are a family of interspersed repeats that have mobilized throughout primate genomes by retroposition from a few "master" genes. Among the 500,000 Alu elements in the human genome are members of the human-specific subfamily that are not fixed in the human species; that is, not all chromosomes carry an Alu ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Batzer MA,Stoneking M,Alegria-Hartman M,Bazan H,Kass DH,Shaikh TH,Novick GE,Ioannou PA,Scheer WD,Herrera RJ

更新日期：1994-12-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Genomic clones of the human non-N-methyl-D-aspartate (non-NMDA) glutamate receptor subunit GluR5 were isolated by high-stringency screening of a cosmid library using the rat cDNA as a probe. The chromosomal localization of the human GluR5 gene has been established. Southern hybridization of DNA isolated from mapping p...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Eubanks JH,Puranam RS,Kleckner NW,Bettler B,Heinemann SF,McNamara JO

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aposematic coloration, or warning coloration, is a visual signal that acts to minimize contact between predator and unprofitable prey. The conditions favoring the evolution of aposematic coloration remain largely unidentified. Recent work suggests that diet specialization and resultant toxicity may play a role in faci...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Prudic KL,Oliver JC,Sperling FA

更新日期：2007-12-04 00:00:00