Functions of the DNA damage response pathway target Ho endonuclease of yeast for degradation via the ubiquitin-26S proteasome system.

abstract：:Molecular hybridization with (125)I-labeled citrus exocortis viroid RNA has been used to survey nucleic acid preparations from Gynura aurantiaca for viroid complementary molecules. A differential hybridization effect was detected between nucleic acid extracts from healthy and infected tissue in which significant RNase...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Grill LK,Semancik JS

更新日期：1978-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Photoreceptors of the Xenopus laevis retina are the site of a circadian clock. As part of a differential display screen for rhythmic gene products in this system, we have identified a photoreceptor-specific mRNA expressed in peak abundance at night. cDNA cloning revealed an open reading frame encoding a putative 388 a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Green CB,Besharse JC

更新日期：1996-12-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The toxicological significance of exposures to synthetic chemicals is examined in the context of exposures to naturally occurring chemicals. We calculate that 99.99% (by weight) of the pesticides in the American diet are chemicals that plants produce to defend themselves. Only 52 natural pesticides have been tested in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ames BN,Profet M,Gold LS

更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sheep antibodies directed against an AMP-bovine serum albumin conjugate exhibit highly specific binding toward AMP. These antibodies bind to the AMP moiety of adenylylated glutamine synthetase [L-glutamate:ammonia ligase (ADP-forming), EC 6.3.1.2] from Escherichia coli and to no other antigenic determinant on the prot...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hohman RJ,Rhee SG,Stadtman ER

更新日期：1980-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Seed germination is regulated by endogenous hormonal cues and external environmental stimuli such as water, low temperature, and light. After germination, the young seedling must rapidly establish its root system and the photoautotrophic capability appropriate to its surrounding environment. Light and the phytohormone...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chen H,Zhang J,Neff MM,Hong SW,Zhang H,Deng XW,Xiong L

更新日期：2008-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Historically, the biodiversity and composition of species in a locality was thought to be influenced primarily by deterministic factors. In such cases, species' niches create differential responses to environmental conditions and interspecific interactions, which combine to determine that locality's biodiversity and s...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chase JM

更新日期：2007-10-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Human capabilities in manipulating many different tools with dexterity suggest modular neural organization at functional levels, but anatomical modularity underlying the capabilities has yet to be demonstrated. Although modularity in phylogenetically older parts of the cerebellum is well known, comparable modularity i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Imamizu H,Kuroda T,Miyauchi S,Yoshioka T,Kawato M

更新日期：2003-04-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Global warming is expected to lead to a large increase in atmospheric water vapor content and to changes in the hydrological cycle, which include an intensification of precipitation extremes. The intensity of precipitation extremes is widely held to increase proportionately to the increase in atmospheric water vapor c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： O'Gorman PA,Schneider T

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:KCNE β-subunits assemble with and modulate the properties of voltage-gated K+ channels. In the heart, KCNE1 associates with the α-subunit KCNQ1 to generate the slowly activating, voltage-dependent potassium current (IKs) in the heart that controls the repolarization phase of cardiac action potentials. By contrast, in ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Barro-Soria R,Ramentol R,Liin SI,Perez ME,Kass RS,Larsson HP

更新日期：2017-08-29 00:00:00

abstract：:These experiments investigate the capacity of thalamic and cortical structures in a sensory system to process information of a modality normally associated with another system. Retinal ganglion cells in newborn Syrian hamsters were made to project permanently to the main thalamic somatosensory (ventrobasal) nucleus. W...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Métin C,Frost DO

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Calls for the eradication of malaria require the development of global and regional strategies based on a strong and consistent evidence base. Evidence from the previous global malaria eradication program and more recent transborder control campaigns have shown the importance of accounting for human movement in introd...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tatem AJ,Smith DL

更新日期：2010-07-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are well-known accelerants of aging, but, paradoxically, we show that physiological levels of ROS extend life span in pupae of the moth Helicoverpa armigera, resulting in the dormant state of diapause. This developmental switch appears to operate through a variant of the conventional insu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhang XS,Wang T,Lin XW,Denlinger DL,Xu WH

更新日期：2017-09-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Phage phi 29 DNA cannot be phosphorylated with polynucleotide kinase and [gamma-32P]ATP because of the presence of a viral protein covalently linked to the 5' termini. The 5' ends can, however, be made susceptible to phosphorylation by treatment with alkali and alkaline phosphatase. Restriction fragments Hpa II C and ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Escarmís C,Salas M

更新日期：1981-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The intestinal lamina propria (LP) is a major effector site of the mucosal immune system where antigen-specific and antigen-nonspecific factors shape the functional responses of CD4+ T helper cells. To study the functional differentiation of LP T helper cells we utilized DO11.10 T cell receptor (TCR) transgenic (Tg) m...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hurst SD,Sitterding SM,Ji S,Barrett TA

更新日期：1997-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:An unusual cAMP signaling system mediates many of the events that prepare spermatozoa to meet the egg. Its components include the atypical, bicarbonate-stimulated, sperm adenylyl cyclase and a cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) with the unique catalytic subunit termed Calpha(2) or C(s). We generated mice that lack Ca...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nolan MA,Babcock DF,Wennemuth G,Brown W,Burton KA,McKnight GS

更新日期：2004-09-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Loss of miR-15/16 is the most common genetic lesion in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), promoting overexpression of BCL2, which factors in leukemia pathogenesis. Indeed, an inhibitor of Bcl2, venetoclcax, is highly active in the treatment of patients with CLL. However, single-agent venetoclcax fails to eradicate mi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rassenti LZ,Balatti V,Ghia EM,Palamarchuk A,Tomasello L,Fadda P,Pekarsky Y,Widhopf GF 2nd,Kipps TJ,Croce CM

更新日期：2017-10-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The Notch-signaling pathway controls cellular differentiation, including proliferation and cell death in all higher metazoans (including flies and men). Signal transduction through activated Notch involves the CSL group of transcriptional regulators. Notch signals need to be tightly regulated, and in Drosophila they a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Maier D,Nagel AC,Preiss A

更新日期：2002-11-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Expression of the bacterial RecA protein in plants stimulates homologous recombination in tobacco. Here we show that RecA plays a direct role in DNA strand exchange in vivo. The number of sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) was increased 2.4-fold over wild type in transgenic tobacco plants expressing a nuclear-targeted ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Reiss B,Schubert I,Köpchen K,Wendeler E,Schell J,Puchta H

更新日期：2000-03-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Canavan's disease (CD) is a fatal, hereditary disorder of CNS development that has been linked to mutations in the gene for the enzyme aspartoacylase (ASPA) (EC 3.5.1.15). ASPA acts to hydrolyze N-acetylaspartate (NAA) into l-aspartate and acetate, but the connection between ASPA deficiency and the failure of proper C...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Madhavarao CN,Arun P,Moffett JR,Szucs S,Surendran S,Matalon R,Garbern J,Hristova D,Johnson A,Jiang W,Namboodiri MA

更新日期：2005-04-05 00:00:00

abstract：:We present a 3D topological picture-language for quantum information. Our approach combines charged excitations carried by strings, with topological properties that arise from embedding the strings in the interior of a 3D manifold with boundary. A quon is a composite that acts as a particle. Specifically, a quon is a ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu Z,Wozniakowski A,Jaffe AM

更新日期：2017-03-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Recessive N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU)-induced mutations recovered at the fitness-1 (fit1) locus in mouse chromosome 7 cause hematopoietic abnormalities, growth retardation, and shortened life span, with varying severity of the defects in different alleles. Abnormal iron distribution and metabolism and frequent scolios...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Klebig ML,Wall MD,Potter MD,Rowe EL,Carpenter DA,Rinchik EM

更新日期：2003-07-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Nitric oxide (NO) mediates several biological actions, including relaxation of blood vessels, cytotoxicity of activated macrophages, and formation of cGMP by activation of glutamate receptors in cerebellar slices. Nitric oxide synthase (EC 1.14.23.-) immunoreactivity is colocalized with nicotinamide adenine di-nucleot...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dawson VL,Dawson TM,London ED,Bredt DS,Snyder SH

更新日期：1991-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic hypoxia causes pulmonary hypertension with smooth muscle cell proliferation and matrix deposition in the wall of the pulmonary arterioles. We demonstrate here that hypoxia also induces a pronounced inflammation in the lung before the structural changes of the vessel wall. The proinflammatory action of hypoxia ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Minamino T,Christou H,Hsieh CM,Liu Y,Dhawan V,Abraham NG,Perrella MA,Mitsialis SA,Kourembanas S

更新日期：2001-07-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The introduction of foreign genes into early mouse embryos and embryonic stem (ES) cells is invaluable for the analysis of gene function and regulation in the living animal. The use of vectors derived from retroviruses as gene transfer vehicles in this setting has had limited success because of silencing of transgene ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pfeifer A,Ikawa M,Dayn Y,Verma IM

更新日期：2002-02-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Targeted drug delivery critically depends on the binding selectivity of cargo-transporting colloidal particles. Extensive theoretical work has shown that two factors are necessary to achieve high selectivity for a threshold receptor density: multivalency and weak interactions. Here, we study a model system of DNA-coat...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Scheepers MRW,van IJzendoorn LJ,Prins MWJ

更新日期：2020-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Most teenage fears subside with age, a change that may reflect brain maturation in the service of refined fear learning. Whereas adults clearly demarcate safe situations from real dangers, attenuating fear to the former but not the latter, adolescents' immaturity in prefrontal cortex function may limit their ability t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lau JY,Britton JC,Nelson EE,Angold A,Ernst M,Goldwin M,Grillon C,Leibenluft E,Lissek S,Norcross M,Shiffrin N,Pine DS

更新日期：2011-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The later stages of cochlear differentiation and the developmental onset of hearing require thyroid hormone. Although thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) are a prerequisite for this process, it is likely that other factors modify TR activity during cochlear development. The mouse cochlea expresses type 2 deiodinase (D2), ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ng L,Goodyear RJ,Woods CA,Schneider MJ,Diamond E,Richardson GP,Kelley MW,Germain DL,Galton VA,Forrest D

更新日期：2004-03-09 00:00:00

abstract：:We have carried out free energy perturbation calculations on DNA double-stranded hexanucleotides. The sequence d(CGCGCG)2 has been "mutated" into d(CGTGCG).d(CGCACG) with the oligonucleotide in the A, B, and Z structural forms, both in vacuo and in aqueous solution. In addition, model free energy calculations have bee...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dang LX,Pearlman DA,Kollman PA

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nucleotide sequences of the complementary strands of two human diversity region (D) minigenes, D2 and D4, show stretches of homology with two human variable region kappa chain (V kappa) genes, NG9 and HK101, respectively, in the first complementarity-determining region. In one V kappa sequence, the homology includ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chen PP,Kabat EA,Wu TT,Fong S,Carson DA

更新日期：1985-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The reactivities of N-iodosuccinimide and iodine with various goitrogenic compounds were studied with dimethylsulfoxide through which nitrogen had been bubbled as a solvent. Although iodine does not react with all of the compounds, N-iodosuccinimide does react with all of them. N-Iodosuccinimide may, therefore, serve ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jirousek L,Soodak M

更新日期：1973-05-01 00:00:00