Abstract:
:Photoreceptors of the Xenopus laevis retina are the site of a circadian clock. As part of a differential display screen for rhythmic gene products in this system, we have identified a photoreceptor-specific mRNA expressed in peak abundance at night. cDNA cloning revealed an open reading frame encoding a putative 388 amino acid protein that we have named "nocturnin" (for night-factor). This protein has strong sequence similarity to the C-terminal domain of the yeast transcription factor, CCR4, as well as a leucine zipper-like dimerization motif. Nocturnin mRNA levels exhibit a high amplitude circadian rhythm and nuclear run-on analysis indicates that it is controlled by the retinal circadian clock at the level of transcription. Our observations suggest that nocturnin may function through protein-protein interaction either as a component of the circadian clock or as a downstream effector of clock function.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Green CB,Besharse JCdoi
10.1073/pnas.93.25.14884subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-12-10 00:00:00pages
14884-8issue
25eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
93pub_type
评论,杂志文章abstract::Steroidogenic factor-1 (SF-1) and liver receptor homologue-1 (LRH-1) belong to the fushi tarazu factor 1 subfamily of nuclear receptors. SF-1 is an essential factor for sex determination during development and regulates adrenal and gonadal steroidogenesis in the adult, whereas LRH-1 is a critical factor for developmen...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0409482102
更新日期:2005-05-24 00:00:00
abstract::Anthrax lethal toxin (LT) is a protease virulence factor produced by Bacillus anthracis that is required for its pathogenicity. LT treatment causes a rapid degradation of c-Jun protein that follows inactivation of the MEK1/2-Erk1/2 signaling pathway. Here we identify COP1 as the ubiquitin E3 ligase that is essential f...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1913698117
更新日期:2020-02-25 00:00:00
abstract::To understand non-trivial biological functions, it is crucial to develop minimal synthetic models that capture their basic features. Here, we demonstrate a sequence-independent, reversible control of transcription and gene expression using a photosensitive nucleic acid binder (pNAB). By introducing a pNAB whose affini...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0904382106
更新日期:2009-07-28 00:00:00
abstract::The semaphorins comprise a large family of membrane-bound and secreted proteins, some of which have been shown to function in axon guidance. We have cloned a transmembrane semaphorin, Sema W, that belongs to the class IV subgroup of the semaphorin family. The mouse and rat forms of Sema W show 97% amino acid sequence ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.5.2491
更新日期:1999-03-02 00:00:00
abstract::Experimental work in animals has shown that memory formation depends on a cascade of molecular events. Here we show that variability of human memory performance is related to variability in genes encoding proteins of this signaling cascade, including the NMDA and metabotrobic glutamate receptors, adenylyl cyclase, CAM...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0510212103
更新日期:2006-03-14 00:00:00
abstract::Compartmentalization of proteins into subcellular organelles in eukaryotic cells is a fundamental mechanism of regulating complex cellular functions. Many proteins of Plasmodium falciparum merozoites involved in invasion are compartmentalized into apical organelles. We have identified a new merozoite organelle that co...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2007-12-11 00:00:00
abstract::In polyandrous species, fathers benefit from attracting greater maternal investment toward their offspring at the expense of the offspring of other males, while mothers should usually allocate resources equally among offspring. This conflict can lead to an evolutionary arms race between the sexes, manifested through a...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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更新日期:2018-11-06 00:00:00
abstract::T follicular helper (Tfh) and regulatory (Tfr) cells are terminally differentiated cells found in germinal centers (GCs), specialized secondary lymphoid organ structures dedicated to antibody production. As such, follicular T (Tfol) cells are supposed to be specific for immunizing antigens, which has been reported for...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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abstract::Mitochondria isolated from maize plants with S-type male-sterile cytoplasms are capable of synthesizing four species of RNA at concentrations of actinomycin D that eliminate all DNA-directed RNA synthesis. No RNA synthesis occurs under the same conditions with mitochondria from plants possessing normal (N) cytoplasm o...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1986-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Il4 and Il13 encode the canonical T helper 2 (TH2) cytokines responsible both for promoting immune responses against extracellular pathogens and, when misregulated, causing allergic and autoimmune disease. The expression potential of these genes undergoes developmentally programmed repression and enhancement during co...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2004-08-03 00:00:00
abstract::A full-length placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) cDNA was used to identify and clone the PLAP-like Nagao isozyme gene from human genomic libraries. The entire nucleotide sequence of the gene reveals the existence of 11 exons interrupted by 10 small introns (76-427 base pairs). Putative regulatory sequences have bee...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.85.9.3024
更新日期:1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In our 3D NOESY-[(1)H,(15)N,(1)H]-ZQ-TROSY experiment, the TROSY principle (transverse relaxation-optimized spectroscopy) is used in three-dimensional (3D) (15)N-resolved nuclear Overhauser enhancement spectroscopy (NOESY), which enables resonance assignments by sequential nuclear Overhauser effects and the collection...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1999-08-17 00:00:00
abstract::Chemomechanical coupling in muscle contraction may be due to "swinging crossbridges," such that a change in the angle at which the myosin head binds to the actin filament is tightly coupled to release of products of ATP hydrolysis. This model would limit the step size, the unit displacement of actin produced by a sing...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.87.18.7130
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diabetes mellitus was tested in the nonobese mouse (NOD) model system. The effects of TNF-alpha were assessed on three levels: (i) insulitis development, (ii) development of overt diabetes, (iii) adoptive transfer of diabetes by sple...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genes carried by EcoRI endonuclease-generated fragments of Staphylococcus plasmid DNA have been covalently joined to the E. coli antibiotic-resistance plasmid pSC101, and the resulting hybrid molecules have been introduced into E. coli by transformation. The newly constructed plasmids replicate as biologically functio...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.71.4.1030
更新日期:1974-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediate apoptosis in many different cell types. We have previously shown that the antioxidant Mn(III) tetrakis(5,10,15,20-benzoic acid)porphyrin (MnTBAP) decreased intracellular ROS and prevented the apoptosis of activated T cells in vitro. To determine the mechanism(s) by which MnTBAP af...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2003-12-09 00:00:00
abstract::B-lymphocyte-specific class switch recombination is known to occur between pairs of 2- to 10-kb switch regions located immediately upstream of the immunoglobulin constant heavy-chain genes. Others have shown that the recombination is temporally correlated with the induction of transcription at the targeted switch regi...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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更新日期:1995-06-06 00:00:00
abstract::The X-ray crystal structure of the Head module, one-third of the Mediator of transcriptional regulation, has been determined as a complex with the C-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II. The structure reveals multiple points of interaction with an extended conformation of the CTD; it suggests a basis for regulat...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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更新日期:2012-10-30 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of systemic PD134308 [0.1-3 mg/kg; an antagonist of the cholecystokinin (CCK) type B receptor], morphine, and intrathecal (i.t.) galanin (GAL) on the excitability of the spinal nociceptive flexor reflex and in the hot plate test were examined in rats. PD134308 caused a weak naloxone-reversible depression o...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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doi:10.1073/pnas.87.18.7105
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Type II platelet-activating factor-acetylhydrolase [PAF-AH (II)] is an N-myristoylated enzyme that contains a lipase/esterase catalytic motif and selectively hydrolyzes the sn-2 acetyl ester of PAF and other short-chain acyl groups attached to phosphoglycerides. However, the physiological role of this enzyme remains t...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2004-09-07 00:00:00
abstract::Hyperphosphorylated α-synuclein in Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites is a characteristic neuropathological feature of Parkinson's disease (PD) and Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). The catalytic subunit of the specific phosphatase, protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) that dephosphorylates α-synuclein, is hypomethylated in these ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2018-12-18 00:00:00
abstract::The enzymic activity of crystalline mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase (L-aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase, EC 2.6.1.1) was determined in suspensions of noncrosslinked microcrystals in 30% (wt/vol) polyethylene glycol. The crystals (average dimensions, 22 x 5 x 0.8 micron) were small enough to preclude ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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doi:10.1073/pnas.80.7.1807
更新日期:1983-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The receptor for granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is composed of an alpha and beta subunit, which together form the high-affinity receptor. The alpha subunit by itself binds ligand at low affinity, whereas the isolated beta subunit does not bind GM-CSF. It is generally believed that the high-a...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.7.2537
更新日期:1994-03-29 00:00:00
abstract::Cytotoxic lymphocytes eliminate virus-infected and cancerous cells by immune recognition and killing through the perforin-granzyme pathway. Traditional killing assays measure average target cell lysis at fixed times and high effector:target ratios. Such assays obscure kinetic details that might reveal novel physiology...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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更新日期:2013-04-16 00:00:00
abstract::For several decades, research into the mechanisms of genetic recombination proceeded without a complete understanding of its cellular function or its place in DNA metabolism. Many lines of research recently have coalesced to reveal a thorough integration of most aspects of DNA metabolism, including recombination. In b...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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更新日期:2001-07-17 00:00:00
abstract::Mammalian ferritin from horse spleen undergoes an electrochemical or chemical reduction reaction in which each iron atom present is reduced by one electron (2300 electrons per ferritin molecule containing 2300 Fe3+ ions). Midpoint potentials of -190 mV, -310 mV, and -416 mV were determined at pH 7.0, 8.0, and 9.0. Thi...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.82.11.3640
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacterial regulatory small RNAs act as crucial regulators in central carbon metabolism by modulating translation initiation and degradation of target mRNAs in metabolic pathways. Here, we demonstrate that a noncoding small RNA, SdhX, is produced by RNase E-dependent processing from the 3'UTR of the sdhCDAB-sucABCD ope...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1815288116
更新日期:2019-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::No microorganism capable of anaerobic growth on methane as the sole carbon source has yet been cultivated. Consequently, information about these microbes has been inferred from geochemical and microbiological observations of field samples. Stable isotope analysis of lipid biomarkers and rRNA gene surveys have implicat...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.072210299
更新日期:2002-05-28 00:00:00
abstract::Transport affects climate directly and indirectly through mechanisms that cause both warming and cooling of climate, and the effects operate on very different timescales. We calculate climate responses in terms of global mean temperature and find large differences between the transport sectors with respect to the size...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0804844105
更新日期:2008-12-09 00:00:00