High-resolution repertoire analysis reveals a major bystander activation of Tfh and Tfr cells.

abstract：:The environmental impact of using recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST) in dairy production was examined on an individual cow, industry-scale adoption, and overall production system basis. An average 2006 U.S. milk yield of 28.9 kg per day was used, with a daily response to rbST supplementation of 4.5 kg per cow. Rat...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Capper JL,Castañeda-Gutiérrez E,Cady RA,Bauman DE

更新日期：2008-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite their relative simplicity, bacteria have complex anatomy at the subcellular level. At the cell poles of Caulobacter crescentus, a 177-amino acid (aa) protein called PopZ self-assembles into 3D polymeric superstructures. Remarkably, we find that this assemblage interacts directly with at least eight different p...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Holmes JA,Follett SE,Wang H,Meadows CP,Varga K,Bowman GR

更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism, chromosome 17 type (FTDP-17) is caused by mutations in the tau gene, and the signature lesions of FTDP-17 are filamentous tau inclusions. Tau mutations may be pathogenic either by altering protein function or gene regulation. Here we show that missense, silent, and intronic t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： D'Souza I,Poorkaj P,Hong M,Nochlin D,Lee VM,Bird TD,Schellenberg GD

更新日期：1999-05-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing, catalyzed by ADAR enzymes, is a ubiquitous mechanism that generates transcriptomic diversity. This process is particularly important for proper neuronal function; however, little is known about how RNA editing is dynamically regulated between the many functionally distinct ne...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sapiro AL,Shmueli A,Henry GL,Li Q,Shalit T,Yaron O,Paas Y,Billy Li J,Shohat-Ophir G

更新日期：2019-02-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanisms by which phosphorus homeostasis is preserved in mammals are not completely understood. We demonstrate the presence of a mechanism by which the intestine detects the presence of increased dietary phosphate and rapidly increases renal phosphate excretion. The mechanism is of physiological relevance becaus...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Berndt T,Thomas LF,Craig TA,Sommer S,Li X,Bergstralh EJ,Kumar R

更新日期：2007-06-26 00:00:00

abstract：:By adapting to sustained stimuli, hair cells in the internal ear retain their sensitivity to minute transient displacements. Because one model for adaptation asserts that this process is mediated by a myosin isozyme, we reasoned that we should be able to arrest adaptation by interfering with myosin's ATPase cycle thou...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gillespie PG,Hudspeth AJ

更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We describe a cell-free system in which the transcription of the yeast metallothionein gene is inducible by the addition of metal ions plus a specific regulatory protein. Efficient transcription requires the complete yeast ACE1 metalloregulatory protein, including both its DNA-binding and transactivation domains; a mo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Culotta VC,Hsu T,Hu S,Fürst P,Hamer D

更新日期：1989-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In his Philosophical Investigations, Wittgenstein famously noted that the formation of semantic representations requires more than a simple combination of verbal and nonverbal features to generate conceptually based similarities and differences. Classical and contemporary neuroscience has tended to focus upon how diff...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lambon Ralph MA,Sage K,Jones RW,Mayberry EJ

更新日期：2010-02-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Inflammation and vascular injury triggered by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) represent a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in a number of clinical settings. Wnt and its homolog partners R-spondins, in addition to regulating embryonic development have recently been demonstrated to serve as wound-healing agents in in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kannan L,Kis-Toth K,Yoshiya K,Thai TH,Sehrawat S,Mayadas TN,Dalle Lucca JJ,Tsokos GC

更新日期：2013-08-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The nucleolinus is an RNA-rich compartment, closely apposed to or embedded within the nucleolus. Discovered over 150 y ago, fewer than two dozen articles have been published on the nucleolinus, probably because complex histochemical stains are required for its visualization in the great majority of cells. The nucleoli...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Alliegro MA,Henry JJ,Alliegro MC

更新日期：2010-08-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Do people judge hurricane risks in the context of gender-based expectations? We use more than six decades of death rates from US hurricanes to show that feminine-named hurricanes cause significantly more deaths than do masculine-named hurricanes. Laboratory experiments indicate that this is because hurricane names lea...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jung K,Shavitt S,Viswanathan M,Hilbe JM

更新日期：2014-06-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The relationship between (187)Os/(186)Os and (143)Nd/(144)Nd in different manganese nodule fields is used to determine the (187)Os/(186)Os ratio of the continental terrains bounding the major ocean basins. The Atlantic Ocean drainages yield (187)Os/(186)Os of about 11; the Pacific Ocean, between 25 and 36; and the wes...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Turekian KK,Luck JM

更新日期：1984-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:High ambient ozone (O3) concentrations are a widespread and persistent problem globally. Although studies have documented the role of forests in removing O3 and one of its precursors, nitrogen dioxide (NO2), the cost effectiveness of using peri-urban reforestation for O3 abatement purposes has not been examined. We de...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kroeger T,Escobedo FJ,Hernandez JL,Varela S,Delphin S,Fisher JR,Waldron J

更新日期：2014-10-07 00:00:00

abstract：:To test whether gravity is required for normal amphibian development, Xenopus laevis females were induced to ovulate aboard the orbiting Space Shuttle. Eggs were fertilized in vitro, and although early embryonic stages showed some abnormalities, the embryos were able to regulate and produce nearly normal larvae. These...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Souza KA,Black SD,Wassersug RJ

更新日期：1995-03-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Hybrid wheat plants are superior in yield and growth characteristics compared with their homozygous parents. The commercial production of wheat hybrids is difficult because of the inbreeding nature of wheat and the lack of a practical fertility control that enforces outcrossing. We describe a hybrid wheat system that ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kempe K,Rubtsova M,Gils M

更新日期：2014-06-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway is central to the metabolic actions of insulin on liver. Here, we show that mice with a liver-specific deletion of the p85alpha regulatory subunit of PI3K (L-Pik3r1KO) exhibit a paradoxical improvement of hepatic and peripheral insulin sensitivity. Although PI3K enzymatic a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Taniguchi CM,Tran TT,Kondo T,Luo J,Ueki K,Cantley LC,Kahn CR

更新日期：2006-08-08 00:00:00

abstract：:In light of the rapid recent retreat of Arctic sea ice, a number of studies have discussed the possibility of a critical threshold (or "tipping point") beyond which the ice-albedo feedback causes the ice cover to melt away in an irreversible process. The focus has typically been centered on the annual minimum (Septemb...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Eisenman I,Wettlaufer JS

更新日期：2009-01-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB) highlights the urgent need to understand the mechanisms of resistance to the drugs used to treat this disease. The aminoglycosides kanamycin and amikacin are important bactericidal drugs used to treat MDR TB, and resistance to one or both of these drugs is a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zaunbrecher MA,Sikes RD Jr,Metchock B,Shinnick TM,Posey JE

更新日期：2009-11-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Construction of deletion derivative plasmids and cloning of restriction fragments from plasmids containing the Salmonella typhimurium origin of replication (ori) were used to locate the functional origin to within a DNA fragment of 296 base pairs between the genes uncB and asn. The nucleotide sequence of the S. typhim...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zyskind JW,Smith DW

更新日期：1980-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacteria in the human oral cavity often grow in an attached multispecies biofilm community. Members of this community display defined interactions that have an impact on the physiology of the individual and the group. Here, we show that during coculture growth with streptococci, the oral pathogen Aggregatibacter actin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ramsey MM,Whiteley M

更新日期：2009-02-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Recombinant (r) Mycobacterium bovis strains were constructed that secrete biologically active listeriolysin (Hly) fusion protein of Listeria monocytogenes. The r-BCG strains pAT261:Hly or pMV306:Hly expressed plasmid multicopies or chromosomal single copies of the hly gene, respectively. Human and murine macrophage-li...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hess J,Miko D,Catic A,Lehmensiek V,Russell DG,Kaufmann SH

更新日期：1998-04-28 00:00:00

abstract：:HLA-A and -B antigens are phosphorylated in transformed lymphoblastoid cells and peripheral blood lymphocytes, both incubated with 32Pi. The phosphate group is attached to HLA-A and -B heavy chain (p44) as identified by immunoprecipitation with anti-beta2-microglobulin IgG, sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel el...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pober JS,Guild BC,Strominger JL

更新日期：1978-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The subcellular localization of cathepsin B activity (EC 3.4.22.1) in three murine melanomas of increasing metastatic potential (Cloudman less than B16-F1 less than B16 amelanotic) was determined. Cathepsin B activity was localized in the heavy mitochondrial fraction of normal murine liver but in the light mitochondri...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sloane BF,Rozhin J,Johnson K,Taylor H,Crissman JD,Honn KV

更新日期：1986-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The convulsant agent methionine sulfoximine inhibits brain glutamine synthetase irreversibly and the inhibitor becomes bound to the active site of the enzyme as methionine sulfoximine phosphate. Only one of the four isomers of methionine sulfoximine, L-methionine-S-sulfoximine, inhibits glutamine synthetase. In the pr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rowe WB,Meister A

更新日期：1970-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The enhancer-binding factor NF-kappa B, which is found only in cells that transcribe immunoglobulin light chain genes, has been purified from nuclear extracts of Namalwa cells (human Burkitt lymphoma cells) by sequence-specific DNA affinity chromatography. The purified NF-kappa B has been identified as a 51-kDa polype...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kawakami K,Scheidereit C,Roeder RG

更新日期：1988-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two striking differences between humans and our closest living relatives, chimpanzees and gorillas, are the size of our brains (larger by a factor of three or four) and our life span (longer by a factor of about two). Our thesis is that these two distinctive features of humans are products of coevolutionary selection....

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kaplan HS,Robson AJ

更新日期：2002-07-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diabetes mellitus was tested in the nonobese mouse (NOD) model system. The effects of TNF-alpha were assessed on three levels: (i) insulitis development, (ii) development of overt diabetes, (iii) adoptive transfer of diabetes by sple...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jacob CO,Aiso S,Michie SA,McDevitt HO,Acha-Orbea H

更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Wnt and Shh signaling pathways are critical for the development and maturation of many epithelial tissues. Both pathways have roles in stem cell maintenance, tissue development, and tumorigenesis. However, linkage between these pathways in mammalian systems had not been well established. Here, we report that Shh expre...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Iwatsuki K,Liu HX,Grónder A,Singer MA,Lane TF,Grosschedl R,Mistretta CM,Margolskee RF

更新日期：2007-02-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Stem cells divide and differentiate to form all of the specialized cell types in a multicellular organism. In the Arabidopsis root, stem cells are maintained in an undifferentiated state by a less mitotically active population of cells called the quiescent center (QC). Determining how the QC regulates the surrounding ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Clark NM,Fisher AP,Berckmans B,Van den Broeck L,Nelson EC,Nguyen TT,Bustillo-Avendaño E,Zebell SG,Moreno-Risueno MA,Simon R,Gallagher KL,Sozzani R

更新日期：2020-06-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Athymic mice grafted at birth with allogeneic thymic epithelium (TE) from day 10 embryos before hematopoietic cell colonization reconstitute normal numbers of T cells and exhibit full life-long tolerance to skin grafts of the TE haplotype. Intravenous transfers of splenic cells, from these animals to adult syngeneic a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Modigliani Y,Thomas-Vaslin V,Bandeira A,Coltey M,Le Douarin NM,Coutinho A,Salaün J

更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00