Intersexual conflict over seed size is stronger in more outcrossed populations of a mixed-mating plant.

abstract：:The gene IL-3 encodes interleukin 3, a hematopoietic colony-stimulating factor (CSF) that is capable of supporting the proliferation of a broad range of hematopoietic cell types. By using somatic cell hybrids and in situ chromosomal hybridization, we localized this gene to human chromosome 5 at bands q23-31, a chromos...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Le Beau MM,Epstein ND,O'Brien SJ,Nienhuis AW,Yang YC,Clark SC,Rowley JD

更新日期：1987-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although gamma frequency oscillations are common in the brain, their functional contributions to neural computation are not understood. Here we report in vitro electrophysiological recordings to evaluate how noisy gamma frequency oscillatory input interacts with the overall activation level of a neuron to determine th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Markowitz DA,Collman F,Brody CD,Hopfield JJ,Tank DW

更新日期：2008-06-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Rat adrenal mitochondria accumulated cholesterol during ether stress in vivo when side-chain cleavage was inhibited by aminoglutethimide (control = 14.6 vs. aminoglutethimide = 26.5 micrograms of cholesterol per mg of protein). This accumulation was insensitive to simultaneous administration of cycloheximide (24.2 mic...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Privalle CT,Crivello JF,Jefcoate CR

更新日期：1983-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pathogenic retroviruses have evolved multiple means for evading host restriction factors such as apolipoprotein B editing complex (APOBEC3) proteins. Here, we show that murine leukemia virus (MLV) has a unique means of counteracting APOBEC3 and other cytosolic sensors of viral nucleic acid. Using virus isolated from i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Stavrou S,Nitta T,Kotla S,Ha D,Nagashima K,Rein AR,Fan H,Ross SR

更新日期：2013-05-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The central role of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) in cell cycle regulation makes them a promising target for studying inhibitory molecules that can modify the degree of cell proliferation. The discovery of specific inhibitors of CDKs such as polyhydroxylated flavones has opened the way to investigation and design of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： De Azevedo WF Jr,Mueller-Dieckmann HJ,Schulze-Gahmen U,Worland PJ,Sausville E,Kim SH

更新日期：1996-04-02 00:00:00

abstract：:A 320-base-pair repeated sequence was observed when DNA samples from the filarial parasites Brugia malayi and Brugia pahangi were digested with the restriction endonuclease Hha I. A 640-base-pair dimer of the repeated sequence from B. malayi was inserted into the plasmid pBR322. When dot hybridization was used, the co...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： McReynolds LA,DeSimone SM,Williams SA

更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metabolomic markers associated with incident central adiposity gain were investigated in young adults. In a 9-mo prospective study of university freshmen (n = 264). Blood samples and anthropometry measurements were collected in the first 3 d on campus and at the end of the year. Plasma from individuals was pooled by p...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hootman KC,Trezzi JP,Kraemer L,Burwell LS,Dong X,Guertin KA,Jaeger C,Stover PJ,Hiller K,Cassano PA

更新日期：2017-05-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The discipline-wide effort to database the fossil record at the occurrence level has made it possible to estimate marine invertebrate extinction and origination rates with much greater accuracy. The new data show that two biotic mechanisms have hastened recoveries from mass extinctions and confined diversity to a rela...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Alroy J

更新日期：2008-08-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Urinary acidification by the turtle bladder is due to a H+-ATPase that is located in the luminal membrane. The rate of H+ transport is stimulated by an increase in the ambient CO2. Using the fluorescent dye acridine orange, we showed that the mitochondria-rich cell of this equilibrium contains vesicles whose internal ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gluck S,Cannon C,Al-Awqati Q

更新日期：1982-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Escherichia coli Min system self-organizes into a cell-pole to cell-pole oscillator on the membrane to prevent divisions at the cell poles. Reconstituting the Min system on a lipid bilayer has contributed to elucidating the oscillatory mechanism. However, previous in vitro patterns were attained with protein densi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Vecchiarelli AG,Li M,Mizuuchi M,Hwang LC,Seol Y,Neuman KC,Mizuuchi K

更新日期：2016-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Photolyzed rhodopsin catalyzes the exchange of GTP for FDP bound to a protein in retinal rod outer segments. We previously proposed that the GTP complex of this protein regulates the cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase and that it may be the first amplified intermediate in visual excitation [Fung, B. K.-K. & Stryer, L. (1980...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fung BK,Hurley JB,Stryer L

更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Skp1-Cullin1 F-box protein-Fbw7 ubiquitin ligase regulates phosphorylation-dependent cyclin E degradation, and disruption of this pathway is associated with genetic instability and tumorigenesis. Fbw7 is a human tumor suppressor that is targeted for mutation in primary cancers. However, mechanisms other than mutat...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Minella AC,Welcker M,Clurman BE

更新日期：2005-07-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Molecular diversity of ion channel structure and function underlies variability in electrical signaling in nerve, muscle, and nonexcitable cells. Regulation by variable auxiliary subunits is a major mechanism to generate tissue- or cell-specific diversity of ion channel function. Mammalian large-conductance, voltage- ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yan J,Aldrich RW

更新日期：2012-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:SsrA/SsrB is a primary two-component system that mediates the survival and replication of Salmonella within host cells. When activated, the SsrB response regulator directly promotes the transcription of multiple genes within Salmonella pathogenicity island 2 (SPI-2). As expression of the SsrB protein is promoted by se...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Choi J,Shin D,Yoon H,Kim J,Lee CR,Kim M,Seok YJ,Ryu S

更新日期：2010-11-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Cortical blood flow at the level of individual capillaries and the coupling of neuronal activity to flow in capillaries are fundamental aspects of homeostasis in the normal and the diseased brain. To probe the dynamics of blood flow at this level, we used two-photon laser scanning microscopy to image the motion of red...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kleinfeld D,Mitra PP,Helmchen F,Denk W

更新日期：1998-12-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Two mutants of Balb/c 3T3 cells defective in adhesiveness to substratum have been isolated. After exposure to a mutagen a cell population was treated with prostaglandin E1 and methylisobutylxanthine to elevate the cells 3':5'-cyclic AMP levels and adhesion to the substratum; then, loosley adherent cells were harvested...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pouysségur JM,Pastan I

更新日期：1976-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The POU-IV or "Brn-3" class of POU-domain transcription factors is represented in Drosophila by I-POU and twin-of-I-POU, alternative splice products of the I-POU gene. I-POU has been previously reported to inhibit DNA binding by the POU-III class factor drifter/Cf1a via the formation of heterodimeric complexes. Here w...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Turner EE

更新日期：1996-12-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Adult workers in honeybee (Apis mellifera) colonies exhibit plasticity in hormonally regulated, age-based division of labor by altering their pattern of behavioral development in response to changes in colony conditions. One form of this plasticity is precocious development: levels of juvenile hormone increase prematu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Huang ZY,Robinson GE

更新日期：1992-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Selective inhibition of the intrinsic coagulation pathway is a promising strategy for developing safer anticoagulants that do not cause serious bleeding. Intrinsic tenase, the final and rate-limiting enzyme complex in the intrinsic coagulation pathway, is an attractive but less explored target for anticoagulants due t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhao L,Wu M,Xiao C,Yang L,Zhou L,Gao N,Li Z,Chen J,Chen J,Liu J,Qin H,Zhao J

更新日期：2015-07-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Unprecedented population declines and extinctions because of human activities, combined with a growing recognition that such losses affect the stability of ecosystems, underscore the need to better understand how populations persist naturally. We provide field experimental evidence that high biodiversity-in particular...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Carr MH,Anderson TW,Hixon MA

更新日期：2002-08-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The neonatal Fc receptor for IgG (FcRn) is a distant member of the MHC class I protein family. It binds IgG and albumin in a pH-dependent manner and protects these from catabolism by diverting them from a degradative fate in lysosomes. In addition, FcRn-mediated IgG transport across epithelial barriers is responsible ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Qiao SW,Kobayashi K,Johansen FE,Sollid LM,Andersen JT,Milford E,Roopenian DC,Lencer WI,Blumberg RS

更新日期：2008-07-08 00:00:00

abstract：:We have employed Xenopus embryos to express human acetylcholinesterase (AcChoEase; EC 3.1.1.7) in developing synapses. Transcription of AcChoEase mRNA was driven by a 2.2-kb sequence upstream from the initiator AUG in the ACHE gene encoding AcChoEase, with multiple potential sites for binding universal and tissue-spec...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ben Aziz-Aloya R,Seidman S,Timberg R,Sternfeld M,Zakut H,Soreq H

更新日期：1993-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A scientist may publish tens or hundreds of papers over a career, but these contributions are not evenly spaced in time. Sixty years of studies on career productivity patterns in a variety of fields suggest an intuitive and universal pattern: Productivity tends to rise rapidly to an early peak and then gradually decli...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Way SF,Morgan AC,Clauset A,Larremore DB

更新日期：2017-10-31 00:00:00

abstract：:STAT1 is an essential transcription factor for macrophage activation by IFN-gamma and requires phosphorylation of the C-terminal Ser727 for transcriptional activity. In macrophages, Ser727 phosphorylation in response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), UV irradiation, or TNF-alpha occurred through a signaling path ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kovarik P,Stoiber D,Eyers PA,Menghini R,Neininger A,Gaestel M,Cohen P,Decker T

更新日期：1999-11-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The study of specific trans-acting transcription factors in prokaryotes and lower eukaryotes has been greatly facilitated by genetic analysis of mutant strains deficient in such factors. We have developed such a system to study mammalian trans-acting factors that regulate the transcription of class II major histocompa...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Calman AF,Peterlin BM

更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ischemia of the myocardium and lower limbs is a common consequence of arterial disease and a major source of morbidity and mortality in modernized countries. Inducing neovascularization for the treatment of ischemia is an appealing therapeutic strategy for patients for whom traditional treatment modalities cannot be p...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jang E,Albadawi H,Watkins MT,Edelman ER,Baker AB

更新日期：2012-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Natural killer (NK) cells play a critical role in controlling malignancies. Susceptibility or resistance to lung cancer, for example, specifically depends on NK cell function. Nevertheless, intrinsic factors that control NK cell-mediated clearance of lung cancer are unknown. Here we report that NK cells exposed to exo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shi L,Li K,Guo Y,Banerjee A,Wang Q,Lorenz UM,Parlak M,Sullivan LC,Onyema OO,Arefanian S,Stelow EB,Brautigan DL,Bullock TNJ,Brown MG,Krupnick AS

更新日期：2018-11-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The primary base sequence of the protein coding regions of the four small heat shock genes of Drosophila melanogaster present at cytological locus 67B has been determined. A single open reading frame large enough to encode a small heat shock protein is found for each gene. The molecular weights of the predicted protei...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ingolia TD,Craig EA

更新日期：1982-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rhomboid domain-containing protein 3 (Rhbdd3), which belongs to a family of proteins with rhomboid domain, is widely expressed in immune cells; however, the roles of the Rhbdd members, including Rhbdd3, in immunity remain unknown. Natural killer (NK) cells are critical for host immune defense and also can mediate infl...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu J,Liu S,Xia M,Xu S,Wang C,Bao Y,Jiang M,Wu Y,Xu T,Cao X

更新日期：2013-05-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Incubation of rat calvaria for short times in the presence of a labeled amino acid revealed the existence of a collagen fraction (procollagen) that functions as a biosynthetic precursor of collagen. Procollagen contains an alpha1-like chain (pre-alpha1) that elutes earlier from CM-cellulose than does rat-bone alpha1 a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bellamy G,Bornstein P

更新日期：1971-06-01 00:00:00