Mechanistic studies on chloral toxicity: relationship to trichloroethylene carcinogenesis.

abstract：:Simultaneous treatment of rats with ethanol (EtOH) and methylmercury (MeHg) increases the frequency of lesions in the rat kidney. Therefore, it was of interest to us to study the effects of simultaneous treatment of rats with MeHg and EtOH on kidney metallothionein (MT) and mercury residues levels in kidneys of rats m...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Rumbeiha WK,Bhatnagar MK,Turner CJ

更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Development of a fetus into a phenotypic male depends, first, on testis formation and second, on hormone production by the fetal testis. Disorders of testicular hormone production or action can lead in severe cases to phenotypic abnormalities or can predispose towards impaired reproductive health. Evidence for deterio...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Sharpe RM

更新日期：2001-03-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Exercising volunteers exposed in chambers to as little as 80 ppb O3 for several hours exhibit impaired lung function and irritative lower airway symptoms. Comparable changes occur among children and young adults exposed to summer smog containing O3. Intensity of the response is reproducible but varies widely among ind...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Bromberg PA,Koren HS

更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nuclear accumulation of the tumorsuppressor protein p53 indicates the occurrence of chromatin injury (J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. 1991, 117, 30; Oncogene 1993, 8, 307) and may be used as an analytical tool to detect genotoxic agents. This mechanism was used to evaluate the DNA-damaging potency (clastogenicity) of the ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Hess RD,Brandner G

更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A direct continuous spectrophotometric assay to measure pyrethroid-cleaving enzymes in human serum was developed using cis- and trans-alpha-naphthyl-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane carboxylate (cis- and trans-naphthyl-Cl2CA). These substrates show a structure very similar to the pyrethroids most often use...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Butte W,Kemper K

更新日期：1999-06-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study evaluated the proconvulsant liability of biapenem, a novel carbapenem antibiotic, in in vitro and in vivo experiments, in comparison with the carbapenems, imipenem/cilastatin and meropenem. Imipenem/cilastatin is a carbapenem antibiotic with known proconvulsive liability in man and in animal experime...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Day IP,Goudie J,Nishiki K,Williams PD

更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Citrinin (CIT), a fungal metabolite causing nephrotoxicity, has a tolerable daily intake (TDI) value of 0.2μg/kg bw. Contamination of food with CIT is not sufficiently known to allow dietary exposure assessment. Urinary biomonitoring data are available from cohorts of several countries. However, kinetic information is...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Degen GH,Ali N,Gundert-Remy U

更新日期：2018-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Many industrially and environmentally important industrial carcinogens display effects that lead them to be viewed and regulated as 'genotoxic compounds'. Some of these chemicals cause experimental tumours only at high or toxic doses. The current view is that non-threshold principles should be applied for risk assessm...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Bolt HM

更新日期：2003-04-11 00:00:00

abstract：:A single, 50 mg/kg i.p. dose of 1,3-bis-(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) to mice significantly inhibited glutathione reductase activity in liver within 10 min, and in lung and heart within 30 min. Maximal inhibition was reached at 4 h in all tissues and glutathione reductase activity remained significantly depress...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Kehrer JP

更新日期：1983-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Short- and medium-term rodent bioassays have been proposed under ICH guidelines for use in testing for the carcinogenic potential of pharmaceuticals. Further evaluation of these models is needed urgently and coordinated efforts are in progress worldwide to expand the available database. Models currently being investig...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Storer RD

更新日期：2000-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:3-methyladenine DNA glycosylase (AlkD) belongs to a new family of DNA glycosylases; it initiates repair of cytotoxic and promutagenic alkylated bases (its main substrates being 3-methyladenine and 7-methylguanine). The modification of the comet assay (single cell gel electrophoresis) using AlkD enzyme thus allows asse...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Hašplová K,Hudecová A,Magdolénová Z,Bjøras M,Gálová E,Miadoková E,Dušinská M

更新日期：2012-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is critical to maintain cerebral homeostasis. In this study, we examined the effects of exposure to electromagnetic pulse (EMP) on the functional integrity of BBB and, on the localization and expression of tight junction (TJ) proteins (occludin and ZO-1) in rats. Animals were sham or whol...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Ding GR,Qiu LB,Wang XW,Li KC,Zhou YC,Zhou Y,Zhang J,Zhou JX,Li YR,Guo GZ

更新日期：2010-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Lead (Pb) exposure during development impairs a variety of cognitive, behavioral and neurochemical processes resulting in deficits in learning, memory, attention, impulsivity and executive function. Numerous studies have attempted to model this effect of Pb in rodents, with the majority of studies focusing on hippocam...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Anderson DW,Mettil W,Schneider JS

更新日期：2016-03-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Cellular senescence is characterized by irreversible cell arrest and is associated with the development of chronic diseases, including cancer. Here, we investigated the induction of cellular senescence during liver carcinogenesis. Liver cancer was induced in Fischer 344 rats with a weekly intraperitoneal injection of ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Pacheco-Rivera R,Fattel-Fazenda S,Arellanes-Robledo J,Silva-Olivares A,Alemán-Lazarini L,Rodríguez-Segura M,Pérez-Carreón J,Villa-Treviño S,Shibayama M,Serrano-Luna J

更新日期：2016-01-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Guidelines concerning the preclinical safety assessment of therapeutic proteins are available, e.g. in the European Community (EC Notes for Guidance). Unlike rather rigidly prescribing test systems such as those known for chemical substances, it is agreed that for biotechnologically-produced products, testing may be q...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Bass R,Kleeberg U,Schröder H,Scheibner E

更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a major problem in drug development. Although some in vitro methods assessing DILI risk that utilize hepatic cell death or cellular stress as markers have been developed, the predictive ability of these tests is low. In this study, we sought to develop a novel cell-based assay for t...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Oda S,Matsuo K,Nakajima A,Yokoi T

更新日期：2016-01-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Clinical study showed that smoking during pregnancy deceased the thymus size in newborns. However, the long-term effect remains unclear. This study was aimed to observe the effects of prenatal nicotine exposure (PNE) on the development of thymus and the T-lymphocyte subpopulation in mice offspring from the neonatal to...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Qu W,Zhao WH,Wen X,Yan HY,Liu HX,Hou LF,Ping J

更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Morusin is a prenylated flavonoid that has been isolated from the root bark of the mulberry tree (Morus species, Moraceae), a Chinese traditional medicine. It has been synthesized by our laboratory from commercially available phloroglucinol, and has demonstrated to possess antitumor effects of cell lines including A54...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Lin WL,Lai DY,Lee YJ,Chen NF,Tseng TH

更新日期：2015-01-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The handling of elemental gallium is not thought to be harmful, but this assumption does not consider metal coordination which readily occurs in physiological fluids. The aim of this work was to determine Ga(III) coordination behaviour in simple solutions and assess the effects of complex formation upon skin permeatio...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Staff K,Brown MB,Chilcott RP,Hider RC,Jones SA,Kong XL

更新日期：2011-05-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Manganese (Mn) is an indispensable cofactor for many enzymes and a basic factor for many reproductive and metabolic pathways. However, exposure to high concentrations of Mn can result in deleterious effects on the central nervous system and peripheral nerves, including nerves associated with the auditory system. Based...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Wang W,Li D,Ding X,Zhao Q,Chen J,Tian K,Qiu Y,Lu L

更新日期：2017-09-05 00:00:00

abstract：:A low-Mr copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn)-binding protein was present in the liver of a control water lizard Triturus pyrrhogaster. Cadmium (Cd) accumulated in the liver of the animals after intramuscular injections of Cd salt and was bound to Cu- and Zn-binding protein of a single isoform that had properties characteristic ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Suzuki KT,Akitomi H,Kawamura R

更新日期：1984-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Increasing evidences suggest that microcystins, a kind of toxic metabolites, produced by cyanobacteria in contaminated water may contribute to the aggravation of the human colorectal carcinoma. Our previous study showed that microcystin-LR (MC-LR) exposure caused significant invasion and migration of colorectal cancer...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Ren Y,Yang M,Chen M,Zhu Q,Zhou L,Qin W,Wang T

更新日期：2017-01-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuron specific enolase (ENO2, γ-enolase) is a biomarker used to help identify neuroendocrine differentiation in tumors. This laboratory has shown that ENO2 might be a biomarker for exposure to cadmium and arsenite. In this study these observations are extended to the urothelial cell, where environmental exposures are...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Soh M,Dunlevy JR,Garrett SH,Allen C,Sens DA,Zhou XD,Sens MA,Somji S

更新日期：2012-07-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Aim of this pilot study was to correlate the human exposure to formaldehyde (F) with N-methylenvaline, a molecular adduct formed by addiction of F to the N-terminal valine in hemoglobin. A group of 21 subjects employed in a plywood factory and a laminate factory, and occupationally exposed to F, together with a group ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Bono R,Vincenti M,Schiliro' T,Scursatone E,Pignata C,Gilli G

更新日期：2006-02-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Administration of the chemical carcinogen 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF) has previously been shown to lower hepatic epidermal growth factor (EGF) binding levels during chemically induced hepatocarcinogenesis. To further characterize the specificity of this response, EGF binding levels for liver microsomes were determin...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Ringer DP,Panzeter PL,DeCicco LA

更新日期：1997-03-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Tetrachloro-p-hydroquinone (TCHQ), the major metabolite of pentachlorophenol (PCP) in mammalian systems, is known to autoxidize to its semiquinone radical under physiological conditions. In this way, PCP could present a potent source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during metabolization. ROS contribute to numerous mo...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Dahlhaus M,Almstadt E,Appel KE

更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the field of aquatic toxicology, quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs) have developed as scientifically credible tools for predicting the toxicity of chemicals when little or no empirical data are available. A fundamental understanding of toxicological principles has been considered an important com...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Bradbury SP

更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When pregnant mice were exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), the average time to eye opening in the offspring was shortened by about a day. How acceleration of eye opening by TCDD occurs remains unknown. To reveal the underlying mechanisms of the accelerated eye opening, pregnant mice were intraperit...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Gin DW,Kim HR,Lee DM,Lee SH,Seong AR,Hwang JA,Park JH

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neoangiogenesis and the development of an abnormal angio-architecture in the liver are strongly linked with progressive fibrogenesis. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of curcumin to protect liver fibrosis-associated angiogenesis and capillarization of the sinusoids in experimental rats. Liver fibrosis was indu...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Yao Q,Lin Y,Li X,Shen X,Wang J,Tu C

更新日期：2013-09-12 00:00:00

abstract：:New findings on Bisphenol A (BPA) contents in thermal printing papers, and receipts, in g/kg concentrations and on its dermal uptake (up to 60%) prompted us to assess the risk arising from dermal exposure. Using physiologically based toxicokinetic modelling, we simulated concentrations in blood, in liver and kidney, t...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Mielke H,Partosch F,Gundert-Remy U

更新日期：2011-07-28 00:00:00