Double staining of β-galactosidase with fibrosis and cancer markers reveals the chronological appearance of senescence in liver carcinogenesis induced by diethylnitrosamine.

abstract：:Molecular epidemiologic research involves the identification of relations between previous exposure to some putative causative agent and subsequent biological effects in a cluster of individuals in populations. There is intensive current research in the field of molecular epidemiology, and this research has a direct i...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Groopman JD,Kensler TW,Links JM

更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although high or repeated exposure to different forms of Hg can have serious health consequences, the most important toxicity risk for humans is as methylmercury (MeHg) which exposure is mainly through consumption of fish. Generally, more than the 80% of Hg in hair is as MeHg, which is taken up by hair follicles as Me...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Pino A,Bocca B,Forte G,Majorani C,Petrucci F,Senofonte O,Alimonti A

更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The separation and determination of 3-nitropropionic acid (NPA) in bovine urine by reverse-phase HPLC is described. The method utilizes a rapid ethyl acetate extraction and this clean-up step also improves the chromatographic resolution of NPA in bovine plasma. A simple colorimetric method is also developed for the ra...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Majak W,McDiarmid RE

更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mutagenicity of four chemical compounds to strain TA100 of S. typhimurium was affected differently by liver S-9 preparations from untreated Sprague-Dawley rats and from rainbow trout (Salmogairdneri). These two species were equally effective in decreasing the direct mutagenicity of sodium dichromate. Rat preparati...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： de Flora S,Zanacchi P,Bennicelli C,Arillo A

更新日期：1982-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Administration of carcinogenic doses of urethane to male rats (for 30 days) and to females (for 45 days) caused degranulation of microsomes of livers and lungs to approx. 15 and 35%, respectively. The cholesterol levels also declined more than 50% in urethane-treated rats when compared with controls. Studies on struct...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Renuka,Dani HM

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of menadione on activities and expression of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A subfamily (CYP1A) isozymes in rat hepatic tissue were examined. When rats were treated orally with 15 mg/kg menadione for 4 days, the elevation of hepatic CYP1A1/1A2 specific activities in microsomal preparations was detected with approx...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Sidorova YA,Grishanova AY,Lyakhovich VV

更新日期：2005-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent epidemiological studies in the United States and in Europe indicate, that the coarse fraction (PM-10) of airborne particulates, smaller than 10 microm and particularly the fine fraction (PM-2.5) smaller than 2.5 microm are responsible for adverse health effects, causing an increasing morbidity and mortality. Fu...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Hornberg C,Maciuleviciute L,Seemayer NH,Kainka E

更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rats given calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (CaNa2EDTA), diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), dimercaprol, p-aminosalicylic acid (PAS), or d-penicillamine (penicillamine) i.p. for 7 successive days showed a significant decrease in the activity of hepatic microsomal benzphetamine N-demethylase. Th...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Dalvi RR,McGowan C,Ademoyero A

更新日期：1980-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inorganic arsenic, an early life carcinogen in humans and mice, can initiate lesions promotable by other agents in later life. The biomethylation product of arsenic, dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), is a multi-site tumor promoter. Thus, pregnant CD1 mice were given drinking water (0 ppm or 85 ppm arsenic) from gestation da...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Tokar EJ,Diwan BA,Waalkes MP

更新日期：2012-03-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective of this research was to develop a mathematical description of uptake of aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons into the stratum corneum of human skin in vivo. A simple description based on Fick's laws of diffusion was used to predict the spatiotemporal variation of naphthalene, 1- and 2-methylnaphthalene, u...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Kim D,Farthing MW,Miller CT,Nylander-French LA

更新日期：2008-05-30 00:00:00

abstract：:New metabolites of styrene, three isomeric vinylphenylmercapturic acids (2-, 3-, and 4-VPMA), were recently identified by LC-ESI-MS in the urine of mice. In this study, 4-VPMA together with traces of 2- and 3-VPMA were found also in the urine of hand-lamination workers, which were exposed to styrene vapours at concent...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Linhart I,Mráz J,Dabrowská L,Mališ M,Krouželka J,Kořínek M

更新日期：2012-09-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study was undertaken in an attempt to reconcile the seemingly conflicting observations that glutathione-dependent biotransformation of methyl parathion (O,O-dimethyl-O-(4-nitrophenyl)phosphorothionate) by hepatic supernatant or partially purified glutathione S-transferases occurs in vitro, but not to any s...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Huang YS,Sultatos LG

更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Phosgene Oxime (CX, Cl2CNOH), a halogenated oxime, is a potent chemical weapon that causes immediate acute injury and systemic effects. CX, grouped together with vesicating agents, is an urticant or nettle agent with highly volatile, reactive, corrosive, and irritating vapor, and has considerably different chemical pr...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Goswami DG,Agarwal R,Tewari-Singh N

更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Uncertainty in risk assessment can be reduced by increasing the use of relevant data specific to the particular xenobiotic and exposed organism. We describe the development of a preliminary, mechanism-based exposure response model for chloroform hepatotoxicity consistig of toxicokinetic (TK) and toxicodynamic (TD) sub...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Conolly RB,Butterworth BE

更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When pregnant mice were exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), the average time to eye opening in the offspring was shortened by about a day. How acceleration of eye opening by TCDD occurs remains unknown. To reveal the underlying mechanisms of the accelerated eye opening, pregnant mice were intraperit...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Gin DW,Kim HR,Lee DM,Lee SH,Seong AR,Hwang JA,Park JH

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The tobacco-specific nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) is the most potent risk factor among tobacco-related carcinogens in lung cancer progression and outcomes. Although genetic mutations and chromosome instability have been detected in NNK-induced lung tumors, the oncogenic mechanisms o...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Park JE,Jang YL,Jang CY

更新日期：2017-11-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The European Commission has decided on harmonized classifications for a large number of individual chemicals according to its own directive for classification and labeling of dangerous substances. We have compared the harmonized classifications for acute oral toxicity to the acute oral toxicity data available in the R...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Rudén C,Hansson SO

更新日期：2003-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Isolated, perfused and ventilated guinea-pig lungs were exposed for 10 min to acid (sulphuric + nitric acid) aerosol mimicking acid rain at pH 4.5 or 2.5, as well as to a control distilled water aerosol (pH 6.0-6.5). Lung perfusing solution was recovered and thromboxane (TX) B2 and leukotriene (LT) B4 were measured by...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Preziosi P,Ciabattoni G

更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The difference between infrared spectra of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) recorded in the absence and presence of the agonist carbamylcholine (Carb) reveals a complex pattern of positive and negative bands that provides a spectral map of Carb-induced structural change. This spectral map is affected by th...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Ryan SE,Nguyen HP,Baenziger JE

更新日期：1998-11-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The anesthetic potencies of n-alcohols increase progressively with lengthening of the carbon chain and then disappear at a cut-off point of a longer-chain n-alcohol. In order to assess the mechanisms for cut-off in mammalian central nervous system, the effects of a series of n-alcohols (C(2)-C(11)) were examined on th...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Takehana K,Hirota K,Roth SH,Masuda A,Ito Y

更新日期：2000-05-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Silica exposure results in an initially acute inflammatory response followed by chronic fibrotic change. The mechanism for the maintenance of silica-induced inflammation has not been understood yet. In silica-induced acute inflammation and chronic fibrosis, various mediators such as reactive oxygen species, cytokines ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Lim Y,Kim JH,Kim KA,Chang HS,Park YM,Ahn BY,Phee YG

更新日期：1999-09-05 00:00:00

abstract：:There are reports of fluorochloridone (FLC)-induced male reproductive toxicity, but the underlying toxicological mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, we looked at how FLC exposure affected the integrity of the blood-testis barrier (BTB) and the Sertoli cell barrier and studied the molecular mechanisms. Male rats ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Liu L,Zhang Y,Chang X,Li R,Wu C,Tang L,Zhou Z

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The early histologic lesions and sequential changes in the development of mirex-induced cataracts were studied in the offspring of lactating female Sherman rats given oral doses of mirex for 5 consecutive days post partum. The earliest histologic change, seen at neonatal day 7, was slight swelling of the individual co...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Scotti TM,Chernoff N,Linder R,McElroy WK

更新日期：1981-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In recent years, concern about possible female reproductive and developmental toxicity due to environmental contaminants, such as PCBs, has been growing. Because this area of toxicology had not been emphasized prior to this time, there are many gaps in current knowledge about female developmental and reproductive toxi...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Kamrin MA,Carney EW,Chou K,Cummings A,Dostal LA,Harris C,Henck JW,Loch-Caruso R,Miller RK

更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this study is to predict dermal permeability of four phenolic biocides in four different formulations using a linear solvation energy relationship (LSER) approach, with a calibrated flow through diffusion cell system. Mathematical descriptors were determined in the laboratory, by mathematical computations, ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Vijay V,Yeatts JL Jr,Riviere JE,Baynes RE

更新日期：2007-12-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Aminoglycoside antibiotics play an integral role in antimicrobial chemotherapy. Unfortunately, these drugs are known to cause nephrotoxicity in man and experimental animals. In fact, the incidence of renal dysfunction during the course of clinical treatment with aminoglycoside antibiotics is approximately 10%. Over th...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Kacew S,Bergeron MG

更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The main aim of the study was to identify the critical periods of susceptibility for itraconazole-mediated teratogenesis in the mouse. Pregnant ICR (CD-1) mice received a single oral administration of itraconazole at 50 mg/kg b.w., 150 mg/kg b.w. or 250 mg/kg b.w. on gestation day 8, 9, 10, 11 or 12. Control animals w...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Tiboni GM,Marotta F,Del Corso A,Giampietro F

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Combined effects of mycotoxin mixtures are of major concern due to the widespread occurrence of human exposure to mixtures. Owing to the lack of sufficient mixture data regarding the human immune function, the aim of this study was to specify, evaluate and predict the combined effects of mycotoxin mixtures upon the fu...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Tammer B,Lehmann I,Nieber K,Altenburger R

更新日期：2007-04-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Benzo(a)pyrene (BP) is the best studied polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, classified as carcinogenic to humans. The carcinogenic metabolite, benzo(a)pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide (BPDE), binds covalently to DNA. The key enzyme in this metabolic reaction is CYP1A1, which has also been found in placenta and human t...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Karttunen V,Myllynen P,Prochazka G,Pelkonen O,Segerbäck D,Vähäkangas K

更新日期：2010-08-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5, particulates with an aerodynamic diameter < or = 2.5 microm) can suppress alveolar macrophage (AM) functions, but the data concerning the effects of blowing sand PM2.5 on AMs remain limited. The aim of the present study is to investigate the influences of blowing sand PM2.5 on A...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Geng H,Meng Z,Zhang Q

更新日期：2005-06-17 00:00:00