Abstract：
:Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, inflammatory, and systemic autoimmune disease that affects the connective tissue and primarily the joints. If not treated, RA ultimately leads to progressive cartilage and bone degeneration. The etiology of the pathogenesis of RA is unknown, demonstrating heterogeneity in its clinical presentation, and is associated with autoantibodies directed against modified self-epitopes. Although many models already exist for RA for preclinical research, many current model systems of arthritis have limited predictive value because they are either based on animals of phylogenetically distant origin or suffer from overly simplified in vitro culture conditions. These limitations pose considerable challenges for preclinical research and therefore clinical translation. Thus, a sophisticated experimental human-based in vitro approach mimicking RA is essential to (i) investigate key mechanisms in the pathogenesis of human RA, (ii) identify targets for new therapeutic approaches, (iii) test these approaches, (iv) facilitate the clinical transferability of results, and (v) reduce the use of laboratory animals. Here, we summarize the most commonly used in vitro models of RA and discuss their experimental feasibility and physiological proximity to the pathophysiology of human RA to highlight new human-based avenues in RA research to increase our knowledge on human pathophysiology and develop effective targeted therapies.
journal_name
Int J Mol Scijournal_title
International journal of molecular sciencesauthors
Damerau A,Gaber Tdoi
10.3390/ijms21217916subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-10-25 00:00:00issue
21issn
1422-0067pii
ijms21217916journal_volume
21pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Agricultural production continues to be constrained by a number of biotic and abiotic factors that can reduce crop yield quantity and quality. Potassium (K) is an essential nutrient that affects most of the biochemical and physiological processes that influence plant growth and metabolism. It also contributes to the s...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms14047370
更新日期：2013-04-02 00:00:00
abstract：:Cannabis sativa L. is a plant long used for its textile fibers, seed oil, and oleoresin with medicinal and psychoactive properties. It is the main source of phytocannabinoids, with over 100 compounds detected so far. In recent years, a lot of attention has been given to the main phytochemicals present in Cannabis sati...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms20235905
更新日期：2019-11-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Chenopodium quinoa Wild is a "pseudocereal" grain which attracts a lot of attention in the scientific community as it has a positive effect on health. Here, we investigate the presence of biologically active O-prenylated phenylpropanoids in the ethanol extract of commercially available quinoa seeds. We claim that 4'-G...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20133262
更新日期：2019-07-02 00:00:00
abstract：:Mammalian aquaporins (AQPs) are transmembrane channels expressed in a large variety of cells and tissues throughout the body. They are known as water channels, but they also facilitate the transport of small solutes, gasses, and monovalent cations. To date, 13 different AQPs, encoded by the genes AQP0-AQP12, have been...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms20082039
更新日期：2019-04-25 00:00:00
abstract：:The development of new therapeutic options against Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile) infection is a critical public health concern, as the causative bacterium is highly resistant to multiple classes of antibiotics. Antimicrobial host-defense peptides (HDPs) are highly effective at simultaneously modulating the i...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20215289
更新日期：2019-10-24 00:00:00
abstract：:Muscle contraction is initiated by the interaction between actin and myosin filaments. The sliding of actin filaments relative to myosin filaments is produced by cross-bridge cycling, which is governed by the theoretical framework of the cross-bridge theory. The cross-bridge theory explains well a number of mechanical...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms20215479
更新日期：2019-11-04 00:00:00
abstract：:The series of reactive biological events that we identify as inflammation has been investigated in recent years and unveiled as an important mechanism for regeneration. The study of the underlying complexity has been boosted by new technological innovation in research and allowed the identification of inflammatory res...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 社论
doi：10.3390/ijms20163879
更新日期：2019-08-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Major depression is one of the leading causes of disability, morbidity, and mortality worldwide. The brain⁻gut axis functions are disturbed, revealed by a dysfunction of the brain, immune system, endocrine system, and gut. Traditional depression treatments all target the brain, with different drugs and/or psychotherap...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms19061592
更新日期：2018-05-29 00:00:00
abstract：:Salicylic acid (SA), as an enigmatic signalling molecule in plants, has been intensively studied to elucidate its role in defence against biotic and abiotic stresses. This review focuses on recent research on the role of the SA signalling pathway in regulating cadmium (Cd) tolerance in plants under various SA exposure...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms20122960
更新日期：2019-06-18 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been confirmed that alternatively activated macrophages (M2) participate in tissue remodeling and fibrosis occurrence, but the effect of M2 on peritoneal fibrosis related to peritoneal dialysis (PD) hasn't been elucidated. This study was therefore conducted to assess the association between M2 and peritoneal fi...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms140510369
更新日期：2013-05-17 00:00:00
abstract：:2-Bromopropane (2-BP) is used as an alternative to ozone-depleting cleaning solvents. Previously, we reported that 2-BP has cytotoxic effects on mouse blastocysts and is associated with defects in subsequent development. In the present work, we show that 2-BP induces apoptosis in the inner cell mass of mouse blastocys...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms12084991
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is the second most common cause of cognitive deficit after Alzheimer's disease. Since VCI patients represent an important target population for prevention, an ongoing effort has been made to elucidate the pathogenesis of this disorder. In this review, we summarize the information fr...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms20102405
更新日期：2019-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Aerobic metabolism occurs in a background of oxygen radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) that originate from the incomplete reduction of molecular oxygen in electron transfer reactions. The essential role of aerobic metabolism, the generation and consumption of ATP and other high energy phosphates, sustains a ba...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms12106469
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS) combined with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) can be a powerful approach to visualize the exact distribution of drugs at the sub-cellular level. In this work, we exploit this approach to identify the distribution and localisation of the organometallic rutheni...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms18091869
更新日期：2017-08-29 00:00:00
abstract：:The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is the central regulator of mammalian cell growth, and is essential for the formation of two structurally and functionally distinct complexes: mTORC1 and mTORC2. mTORC1 can sense multiple cues such as nutrients, energy status, growth factors and hormones to control cell growth ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms17101636
更新日期：2016-09-29 00:00:00
abstract：:The protein phosphatase PP2A is essential for the control of integrated eukaryotic cell functioning. Several cellular and developmental events, e.g., plant growth regulator (PGR) mediated signaling pathways are regulated by reversible phosphorylation of vesicle traffic proteins. Reviewing present knowledge on the rele...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms22020975
更新日期：2021-01-19 00:00:00
abstract：:This work assesses the effect of chemical induction with isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) on the expression of enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) by planktonic and biofilm cells of Escherichia coli JM109(DE3) transformed with a plasmid containing a T7 promoter. It was shown that induction negatively...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21020576
更新日期：2020-01-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Combretastatin-4 (CA-4) as a tubulin polymerization inhibitor draws extensive attentions. However, due to its weak stability of cis-olefin and poor metabolic stability, structure modifications on cis-configuration are being performed. In this work, we constructed a series of novel CA-4 analogues with linkers on olefin...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21051817
更新日期：2020-03-06 00:00:00
abstract：:Schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are multi-factorial and multi-symptomatic psychiatric disorders, each affecting 0.5%-1% of the population worldwide. Both are characterized by impairments in cognitive functions, emotions and behaviour, and they undermine basic human processes of perception and judgment...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms17060856
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The relationships among 55 wheat accessions (47 accessions collected from Iran and eight accessions provided by the Institute of Plant Biology of the University of Zurich, Switzerland) belonging to eight species carrying A genome (Triticum monococcum L., T. boeoticum Boiss., T. urartu Tumanian ex Gandilyan, T. durum D...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms11114309
更新日期：2010-11-02 00:00:00
abstract：:Protein aggregation into insoluble amyloid fibrils is the hallmark of several neurodegenerative diseases, chief among them Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. Although caused by different proteins, these pathologies share some basic molecular mechanisms with familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (FAP), a rare hereditary neurop...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms17091428
更新日期：2016-08-31 00:00:00
abstract：:Updated measurements of charged particle fluxes during the transit from Earth to Mars as well as on site measurements by Curiosity of Martian surface radiation fluxes identified potential health hazards associated with radiation exposure for human space missions. Designing mitigation strategies of radiation risks to a...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20010176
更新日期：2019-01-05 00:00:00
abstract：:Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is the result of maladaptive fibrocalcific processes leading to a progressive thickening and stiffening of aortic valve (AV) leaflets. CAVD is the most common cause of aortic stenosis (AS). At present, there is no effective pharmacotherapy in reducing CAVD progression; when CAVD be...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21238917
更新日期：2020-11-24 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common progressive disease that is typically characterized by the permanent loss of functional nephrons. As injured nephrons become sclerotic and die, the remaining healthy nephrons undergo numerous structural, molecular, and functional changes in an attempt to compensate for the loss...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms18051039
更新日期：2017-05-12 00:00:00
abstract：:The interactions between peptides and lipids are of fundamental importance in the functioning of numerous membrane-mediated cellular processes including antimicrobial peptide action, hormone-receptor interactions, drug bioavailability across the blood-brain barrier and viral fusion processes. Moreover, a major goal of...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms140918758
更新日期：2013-09-12 00:00:00
abstract：:In plants, microRNAs have been indicated to control various developmental processes, including somatic embryogenesis (SE), which is triggered in the in vitro cultured somatic cells of plants. Although a transcriptomic analysis has indicated that numerous MIRNAs are differentially expressed in the SE of different plant...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20205221
更新日期：2019-10-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Uterine fibroids are the most common gynecologic benign tumors. Studies supporting a strong pregnancy-related growth of leiomyomas generally claimed a crucial role of sex steroid hormones. However, sex steroids are unlikely the unique actors involved as estrogen and progesterone achieve a pick serum concentration in t...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms18092014
更新日期：2017-09-20 00:00:00
abstract：:Extending carbon frameworks via a series of C-C bond forming reactions is essential for the synthesis of natural products, pharmaceutically active compounds, active agrochemical ingredients, and a variety of functional materials. The application of stereoselective C-C bond forming reactions to the one-pot synthesis of...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms15022087
更新日期：2014-01-29 00:00:00
abstract：:CD155 is an adhesion molecule belonging to the Nectin/Nectin-like family often overexpressed on tumor cells and involved in many different processes such as cell adhesion, migration and proliferation. In contrast to these pro-tumorigenic functions, CD155 is also a ligand for the activating receptor DNAM-1 expressed on...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms21030922
更新日期：2020-01-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Autophagy is a general protective mechanism for maintaining homeostasis in eukaryotic cells, regulating cellular metabolism, and promoting cell survival by degrading and recycling cellular components under stress conditions. The degradation pathway that is mediated by autophagy receptors is called selective autophagy,...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms21062008
更新日期：2020-03-16 00:00:00
