Abstract：
BACKGROUND:Non-nutritive suck (NNS) is one piece of the complex oral feeding process, yet there is paucity on how it develops throughout the first year of life. AIMS:To determine changes in infant NNS between 3 and 12 months of age. STUDY DESIGN:Twenty-six full-term infants (65% male) completed this study. All infants were offered our custom research pacifier to attain a quantitative analysis of their suck pattern. Based on quantitative analyses of NNS cycle count, the best 2 min of infants' suck were selected and analyzed. OUTCOME MEASURES:NNS duration, amplitude, cycles/burst, frequency, cycles, and bursts. RESULTS:NNS duration, bursts, cycles/burst and cycles significantly decreased from 3 to 12 months, yet amplitude significantly increased over the same time period. Additionally, no significant differences were evident for NNS frequency. Three-month-old infants produced a median of 4.50 suck bursts per minute that contained 9.60 cycles/burst, resulting in a burst duration of 4.74 s. The median NNS frequency was 2.09 Hz, with an average amplitude of 14.05 cmH20. Twelve-month-old infants produced a median of 2.50 suck bursts that contained 3.75 cycles/burst, resulting in a burst duration of 1.67 s. The median NNS frequency was 2.11 Hz with an amplitude of 19.75 cmH20. CONCLUSION:Full-term infants significantly change their NNS duration, amplitude, burst number, cycles/burst and cycle number with no significant changes present in NNS frequency between 3 and 12 months. Knowledge of NNS emergence and maturation during the first year of life is imperative for proper NNS assessment so that healthcare professionals can identify delays.
journal_name
Early Hum Devjournal_title
Early human developmentauthors
Martens A,Hines M,Zimmerman Edoi
10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2020.105141subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-10-01 00:00:00pages
105141eissn
0378-3782issn
1872-6232pii
S0378-3782(20)30380-7journal_volume
149pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The fatty acid content of fetal tissues was utilized to estimate essential fatty acid accretion during intrauterine growth. These rates of essential fatty acid accretion were used to predict that 400 mg/kg of body weight for omega-6 fatty acids and 50 mg/kg of body weight for omega-3 fatty acids per day would be used ...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
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abstract：BACKGROUND:Preterm newborns have low vitamin A reserves at birth, which increases their risk of morbidity and mortality. In the absence of supplementation, breast milk is the only source of this nutrient for exclusively breastfed infants. AIMS:To assess retinol concentration in preterm milk and the relationship betwee...
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journal_title：Early human development
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journal_title：Early human development
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pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
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pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Early human development
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journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2007.09.018
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1986-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1995-08-30 00:00:00
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journal_title：Early human development
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更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Early human development
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更新日期：1980-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1982-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Early human development
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更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2006.01.010
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
