Architecture of the IFT ciliary trafficking machinery and interplay between its components.

abstract：:Fibronectin is a large vertebrate glycoprotein that is found in soluble and insoluble forms and involved in diverse processes. Protomeric fibronectin is a dimer of subunits, each of which comprises 29-31 modules - 12 type I, two type II and 15-17 type III. Plasma fibronectin is secreted by hepatocytes and circulates i...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology

authors： Maurer LM,Ma W,Mosher DF

更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Translational control mechanisms are, besides transcriptional control and mRNA stability, the most determining for final protein levels. A large number of accessory factors that assist the ribosome during initiation, elongation, and termination of translation are required for protein synthesis. Cap-dependent translati...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology

authors： Van Der Kelen K,Beyaert R,Inzé D,De Veylder L

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Determining the mechanisms of enzymatic regulation is central to the study of cellular metabolism. Regulation of enzyme activity via polymerization-mediated strategies has been shown to be widespread, and plays a vital role in mediating cellular homeostasis. In this review, we begin with an overview of the filamentati...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology

authors： Aughey GN,Liu JL

更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The reorganization of metabolic pathways in cancer facilitates the flux of carbon and reducing equivalents into anabolic pathways at the expense of oxidative phosphorylation. This provides rapidly dividing cells with the necessary precursors for membrane, protein and nucleic acid synthesis. A fundamental metabolic per...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology

authors： Ridgway ND

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This review focuses on how microbes live on CO as a sole source of carbon and energy and with CO by generating carbon monoxide as a metabolic intermediate. The use of CO is a property of organisms that use the Wood-L jungdahl pathway of autotrophic growth. The review discusses when CO metabolism originated, when and h...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology

authors： Ragsdale SW

更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA double-strand breaks are highly toxic DNA lesions that cause genomic instability, if not efficiently repaired. RecQ helicases are a family of highly conserved proteins that maintain genomic stability through their important roles in several DNA repair pathways, including DNA double-strand break repair. Double-stra...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology

authors： Keijzers G,Maynard S,Shamanna RA,Rasmussen LJ,Croteau DL,Bohr VA

更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Clathrin constitutes the coat of vesicles involved in three receptor-mediated intracellular transport pathways; the export of aggregated material from the trans-Golgi network for regulated secretion, the transfer of lysosomal hydrolases from the trans-Golgi network to lysosomes and receptor-mediated endocytosis at the...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology

authors： Pley U,Parham P

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article is an overview of current research in the area of sulfate activation. Emphasis is placed on presenting unresolved issues in an appropriate context for critical evaluation by the reader. The energetics of sulfate activation is reevaluated in light of recent findings that demonstrate that the synthesis of a...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology

authors： Leyh TS

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ribonucleases (RNases) are mediators in most reactions of RNA metabolism. In recent years, there has been a surge of new information about RNases and the roles they play in cell physiology. In this review, a detailed description of bacterial RNases is presented, focusing primarily on those from Escherichia coli and Ba...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology

authors： Bechhofer DH,Deutscher MP

更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The discovery that SRA RNA can function as a nuclear receptor (NR) coactivator resulted in a fundamental change in the perception of how NRs and their coregulators may regulate hormone signaling pathways. The subsequent identification of molecules capable of binding SRA, including SHARP, p68, and more recently SLIRP, ...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology

authors： Colley SM,Leedman PJ

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:All living organisms depend on dynamic mechanisms that repeatedly reassess the status of amassed energy, in order to adapt energy supply to demand. The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) alphabetagamma heterotrimer has emerged as an important integrator of signals managing energy balance. Control of AMPK activity inv...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology

authors： Viollet B,Horman S,Leclerc J,Lantier L,Foretz M,Billaud M,Giri S,Andreelli F

更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article summarizes all experimental facts concerning the cold denaturation of single-domain, multi-domain, and multimeric globular proteins in aqueous solutions with and without urea and guanidine hydrochloride. The facts obtained by various experimental techniques are analyzed thermodynamically and it is shown t...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology

authors： Privalov PL

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Telomere DNA-binding proteins protect the ends of chromosomes in eukaryotes. A subset of these proteins are constructed with one or more OB folds and bind with G+T-rich single-stranded DNA found at the extreme termini. The resulting DNA-OB protein complex interacts with other telomere components to coordinate critical...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology

authors： Horvath MP

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:RNA helicases represent a large family of proteins that have been detected in almost all biological systems where RNA plays a central role. They are ubiquitously distributed over a wide range of organisms and are involved in nuclear and mitochondrial splicing processes, RNA editing, rRNA processing, translation initia...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology

authors： Lüking A,Stahl U,Schmidt U

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Some asparagine and glutamine residues in proteins undergo deamidation to aspartate and glutamate with rates that depend upon the sequence and higher-order structure of the protein. Functional groups within the protein can catalyze this reaction, acting as general acids, bases, or stabilizers of the transition state. ...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology

authors： Wright HT

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The unfolded protein response (UPR) is induced when the quality control machinery of the cell is overloaded with unfolded proteins or when one of the functions of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is perturbed. Here, I describe UPR in yeast and mammals, and compare it to what we know about pathogenic fungi and the parasi...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology

authors： Michaeli S

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mevalonate-isoprenoid-cholesterol biosynthesis pathway plays a key role in human health and disease. The importance of this pathway is underscored by the discovery that two major isoprenoids, farnesyl and geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate, are required to modify an array of proteins through a process known as protein p...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology

authors： Jeong A,Suazo KF,Wood WG,Distefano MD,Li L

更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aldehydes are highly reactive molecules that may have a variety of effects on biological systems. They can be generated from a virtually limitless number of endogenous and exogenous sources. Although some aldehyde-mediated effects such as vision are beneficial, many effects are deleterious, including cytotoxicity, mut...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology

authors： Lindahl R

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genome maintenance activities including DNA repair, cell division cycle control, and checkpoint signaling pathways preserve genome integrity and prevent disease. Defects in these pathways cause birth defects, neurodegeneration, premature aging, and cancer. Recent technical advances in functional genomic approaches suc...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology

authors： Bansbach CE,Cortez D

更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The eukaryotic MCM2-7 complex is recruited onto origins of replication during the G1 phase of the cell cycle and acts as the main helicase at the replication fork during the S phase. Over the last few years a number of structural reports on MCM proteins using both electron microscopy and protein crystallography have b...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology

authors： Costa A,Onesti S

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAcChR) is a ligand-gated ion channel found in the postsynaptic membranes of electric organs, at the neuromuscular junction, and at nicotinic cholinergic synapses of the mammalian central and peripheral nervous system. The nAcChR from Torpedo electric organ and mammalian muscle is...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology

authors： Huganir RL,Miles K

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Following a brief introduction of cellular response to stimulation comprising leukocyte activation, three major areas are discussed: (1) the neutrophil oxidase; (2) myeloperoxidase (MPO)-dependent oxidative microbicidal reactions; and (3) MPO-independent oxidative reactions. Topics included in section (A) are current ...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology

authors： Hurst JK,Barrette WC Jr

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Serotonin receptors are the product of 15 distinct genes, 14 of which are G protein-coupled receptors. These receptors are expressed in a wide range of cell types, including distinct neuronal populations, and promote diverse functional responses in multiple organ systems. These receptors are important for mediating th...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology

authors： Bohn LM,Schmid CL

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Renin, the first enzyme in the renin-angiotensin system, is critically important for the maintenance of blood pressure, and, therefore, as a target for antihypertensive therapy. The three-dimensional structure of renin would be an invaluable aid in understanding the functional properties of renin as well as in the des...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology

authors： Hutchins C,Greer J

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aptamers are single-stranded structured oligonucleotides (DNA or RNA) that can bind to a wide range of targets ("apatopes") with high affinity and specificity. These nucleic acid ligands, generated from pools of random-sequence by an in vitro selection process referred to as systematic evolution of ligands by exponent...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology

authors： Kanwar JR,Roy K,Kanwar RK

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Proper and timely regulation of cellular processes is fundamental to the overall health and viability of organisms across all kingdoms of life. Thus, organisms have evolved multiple highly dynamic and complex biochemical signaling cascades in order to adapt and survive diverse challenges. One such method of conferring...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology

authors： Crawford K,Bonfiglio JJ,Mikoč A,Matic I,Ahel I

更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The demonstration that ribosomal peptide synthesis is a ribozyme-catalyzed reaction makes it almost certain that there was once an RNA World. The central problem for origin-of-life studies, therefore, is to understand how a protein-free RNA World became established on the primitive Earth. We first review the literatur...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology

authors： Orgel LE

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:HEPN (Higher Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes Nucleotide-binding) RNases are an emerging class of functionally diverse RNA processing and degradation enzymes. Members are defined by a small α-helical bundle encompassing a short consensus RNase motif. HEPN dimerization is a universal requirement for RNase activation as the c...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology

authors： Pillon MC,Gordon J,Frazier MN,Stanley RE

更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:FeII/alpha-ketoglutarate (alphaKG)-dependent hydroxylases catalyze an amazing diversity of reactions that result in protein side-chain modifications, repair of alkylated DNA/RNA, biosynthesis of antibiotics and plant products, metabolism related to lipids, and biodegradation of a variety of compounds. These enzymes po...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology

authors： Hausinger RP

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The major intrinsic protein (MIP) of the bovine lens fiber cell membrane was the first member of the MIP family of proteins to be sequenced and characterized. It is probably a homotetramer with transmembrane channel activity that plays a role in lens biogenesis or maintenance. The polypeptide chain of each subunit may...

journal_title：Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology

authors： Reizer J,Reizer A,Saier MH Jr

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00