Abstract：
:Phytoplasmas are transmitted by insect vectors in a persistent propagative manner; however, detailed movements and multiplication patterns of phytoplasmas within vectors remain elusive. In this study, spatiotemporal dynamics of onion yellows (OY) phytoplasma in its vector Macrosteles striifrons were investigated by immunohistochemistry-based 3D imaging, whole-mount fluorescence staining, and real-time quantitative PCR. The results indicated that OY phytoplasmas entered the anterior midgut epithelium by seven days after acquisition start (daas), then moved to visceral muscles surrounding the midgut and to the hemocoel at 14-21 daas; finally, OY phytoplasmas entered into type III cells of salivary glands at 21-28 daas. The anterior midgut of the alimentary canal and type III cells of salivary glands were identified as the major sites of OY phytoplasma infection. Fluorescence staining further revealed that OY phytoplasmas spread along the actin-based muscle fibers of visceral muscles and accumulated on the surfaces of salivary gland cells. This accumulation would be important for phytoplasma invasion into salivary glands, and thus for successful insect transmission. This study demonstrates the spatiotemporal dynamics of phytoplasmas in insect vectors. The findings from this study will aid in understanding of the underlying mechanism of insect-borne plant pathogen transmission.
journal_name
Sci Repjournal_title
Scientific reportsauthors
Koinuma H,Maejima K,Tokuda R,Kitazawa Y,Nijo T,Wei W,Kumita K,Miyazaki A,Namba S,Yamaji Ydoi
10.1038/s41598-020-61042-xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-03-09 00:00:00pages
4291issue
1issn
2045-2322pii
10.1038/s41598-020-61042-xjournal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Previous studies have established that an increased Th-9 response creates a hostile environment for nematode parasites. Given that IL-23, a cytokine required for maintenance of the IL-17-secreting phenotype, has inhibitory effects on IL-9 production, we hypothesized that reducing circulating IL-23 by treatment with an...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-018-26194-x
更新日期：2018-05-17 00:00:00
abstract：:There is an urgent need for sensors deployed during focal therapies to inform treatment planning and in vivo monitoring in thin tissues. Specifically, the measurement of thermal properties, cooling surface contact, tissue thickness, blood flow and phase change with mm to sub mm accuracy are needed. As a proof of princ...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep21395
更新日期：2016-02-26 00:00:00
abstract：:The nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway plays a key role in innate and adaptive immunity, cell proliferation and survival, inflammation and tumors development. MiR-146a is an immune system regulator that has anti-inflammatory function in multiple cell types and conditions. Here we demonstrate activation of canonical NF-...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-019-41530-5
更新日期：2019-03-26 00:00:00
abstract：:Aquaporins (AQPs) are a ubiquitous family of transmembrane water channel proteins. A subgroup of AQP water channels also facilitates transmembrane diffusion of small, polar solutes. A constriction within the pore, the aromatic/arginine (ar/R) selectivity filter, is thought to control solute permeability: previous stud...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-019-56814-z
更新日期：2019-12-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Mathematical models of metabolism from bacterial systems biology have proven their utility across multiple fields, for example metabolic engineering, growth phenotype simulation, and biological discovery. The usefulness of the models stems from their ability to compute a link between genotype and phenotype, but their ...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep16025
更新日期：2015-11-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Insulin resistance is common among children with overweight and obesity. However, knowledge about glucose fluctuations in these children is scarce. This study aims to evaluate glycaemic profiles in children with overweight and obesity in free-living conditions, and to examine the association between glycaemic profiles...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep31892
更新日期：2016-08-18 00:00:00
abstract：:Engineering of efflux pumps is a promising way to improve host's tolerance to biofuels such as medium-chain alcohols (CmOHs); however, this strategy is restricted by poor understanding of the efflux pumps engaged in extrusion of solvents. In this study, several Escherichia coli mutants of multidrug transporters were e...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep16505
更新日期：2015-11-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Intrinsic disorder occurs when (part of) a protein remains unfolded during normal functioning. Intrinsically-disordered regions can contain segments that 'fold on binding' to another molecule. Here, we perform bioinformatical parsing of human 'folding-on-binding' (FB) proteins, into four subsets: Ordered regions, FB r...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep18586
更新日期：2015-12-18 00:00:00
abstract：:Electrical power systems are one of the most important infrastructures that support our society. However, their vulnerabilities have raised great concern recently due to several large-scale blackouts around the world. In this paper, we investigate the robustness of power systems against cascading failures initiated by...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep27625
更新日期：2016-06-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Lignosus rhinocerotis (Tiger milk mushroom) is an important folk medicine for indigenous peoples in Southeast Asia. We previously reported its de novo assembled 34.3 Mb genome encoding a repertoire of proteins including a putative bioactive fungal immunomodulatory protein. Here we report the cDNA of this new member (F...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep30010
更新日期：2016-07-27 00:00:00
abstract：:Inhibitor of kappa B (IκB)-ζ transcription is rapidly induced by stimulation with TLR ligands and IL-1. Despite high IκBζ expression in inflammation sites, the association of IκBζ with host defence via systemic immune responses against bacterial infection remains unclear. Oral immunisation with a recombinant attenuate...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-019-44019-3
更新日期：2019-06-10 00:00:00
abstract：:A new ether-based electrolyte to match lithium metal electrode is prepared by introducing 1, 4-dioxane as co-solvent into lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide/1,2-dimethoxyethane solution. Under the synergetic effect of solvents and salt, this simple liquid electrolyte presents stable Li cycling with dendrite-free Li depo...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep21771
更新日期：2016-02-16 00:00:00
abstract：:GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase (GMP) catalyzed the formation of GDP-mannose, which serves as a donor for the biosynthesis of mannose-containing polysaccharides. In this study, three GMP genes from Dendrobium officinale (i.e., DoGMPs) were cloned and analyzed. The putative 1000 bp upstream regulatory region of these DoG...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep41010
更新日期：2017-02-08 00:00:00
abstract：:The stress reactivity hypothesis posits that the magnitude of cardiovascular reactions to acute stress tasks is related with future blood pressure status, heart hypertrophy, and atherosclerosis. We assessed the stress reactivity hypothesis and aimed to identify which physiological indices (blood pressure, heart-rate, ...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep06882
更新日期：2014-11-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Centenarians exhibit extreme longevity and a remarkable compression of morbidity. They have a unique capacity to maintain homeostatic mechanisms. Since small non-coding RNAs (including microRNAs) are implicated in the regulation of gene expression, we hypothesised that longevity of centenarians may reflect alterations...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep00961
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The presence of hepatic steatosis (HS) is an important histological feature in a variety of liver disease. It is critical to assess HS accurately, particularly where it plays an integral part in defining the disease. Conventional methods of quantifying HS remain semi-quantitative, with potential limitations in precisi...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-019-39783-1
更新日期：2019-02-27 00:00:00
abstract：:The CRISPR/Cas9 system is a powerful method of editing genes by randomly introducing errors into the target sites. Here, we describe a CRISPR-based test for gene essentiality (CRISPR-E test) that allows the identification of essential genes. Specifically, we use sgRNA-mediated CRISPR/Cas9 to target the open reading fr...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-020-71690-8
更新日期：2020-09-08 00:00:00
abstract：:In the fifty years since the postulation of Moore's Law, the increasing energy consumption in silicon electronics has motivated research into emerging devices. An attractive research direction is processing information via the phase of spin waves within magnonic-logic circuits, which function without charge transport ...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-017-08114-7
更新日期：2017-08-11 00:00:00
abstract：:The Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) regulates bile salt, glucose and cholesterol homeostasis by binding to DNA response elements, thereby activating gene expression (direct transactivation). FXR also inhibits the immune response via tethering to NF-κB (tethering transrepression). FXR activation therefore has therapeutic po...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep14086
更新日期：2015-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Most large herbivores in arid landscapes need to drink which constrains their movements and makes them vulnerable to disturbance. Asiatic wild ass or khulan (Equus hemionus) were widespread and abundant throughout the arid landscapes of Central Asia and Mongolia, but have undergone dramatic population declines and ran...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-020-59969-2
更新日期：2020-02-19 00:00:00
abstract：:Effective treatment of osteomyelitis remains a formidable clinical challenge. The rapid emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria has renewed interest in developing antimicrobial biomaterials using antiseptic silver ions to treat osteomyelitis. However, inadequate local retention and severe cytotoxic effects have limi...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep39174
更新日期：2016-12-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Uncovering complex oil-water flow structure represents a challenge in diverse scientific disciplines. This challenge stimulates us to develop a new distributed conductance sensor for measuring local flow signals at different positions and then propose a novel approach based on multi-frequency complex network to uncove...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep08222
更新日期：2015-02-04 00:00:00
abstract：:In photodynamic therapy (PDT), cells are impregnated with a photosensitizing agent that is activated by light irradiation, thereby photochemically generating reactive oxygen species (ROS). The amounts of ROS produced depends on the PDT dose and the nature of the photosensitizer. Although high levels of ROS are cytotox...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep13114
更新日期：2015-08-17 00:00:00
abstract：:Autoantibodies against ion channels are the cause of numerous neurologic autoimmune disorders. Frequently, such pathogenic autoantibodies have a restricted epitope-specificity. In such cases, competing antibody formats devoid of pathogenic effector functions (blocker antibodies) have the potential to treat disease by ...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-017-01019-5
更新日期：2017-04-20 00:00:00
abstract：:Ulvan, which is one of the major structural polysaccharides of the cell walls of green macroalgae, is degraded by ulvan lyases via the β-elimination mechanism with the release of oligosaccharides that have unsaturated 4-deoxy-L-threo-hex-4-enopyranosiduronic acid (∆) at the non-reducing end. These ulvan lyases belong ...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-018-32922-0
更新日期：2018-10-02 00:00:00
abstract：:Up to now, full tunability of waveforms was possible only in electronics, up to radio-frequencies. Here we propose a new concept of producing few-cycle terahertz (THz) pulses with widely tunable waveforms. It is based on control of the phase delay between different parts of the THz wavefront using linear diffractive o...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-019-43852-w
更新日期：2019-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper. ...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 已发布勘误
doi：10.1038/s41598-018-31276-x
更新日期：2018-08-29 00:00:00
abstract：:BK virus (BKV) is a polyomavirus that cause of allograft dysfunction among kidney transplant recipients. The role of BKV infection in non-renal solid organ transplant recipients is not well understood neither for the relationship between various BKV strains with occurrence of BKV viral viruria. This study aimed to und...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep28491
更新日期：2016-06-24 00:00:00
abstract：:Protein ubiquitination, which is a major post-translational modifications that occurs in eukaryotic cells, is involved in diverse biological processes. To date, large-scale profiling of the ubiquitome in common wheat has not been reported, despite its status as the major cereal crop in the world. Here, we performed th...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-017-13992-y
更新日期：2017-10-19 00:00:00
abstract：:This study was carried out to use hyperspectral imaging technique for determining color (L*, a* and b*) and eggshell strength and identifying cracked chicken eggs. Partial least squares (PLS) models based on full and selected wavelengths suggested by regression coefficient (RC) method were established to predict the f...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep21130
更新日期：2016-02-17 00:00:00
