Abstract:
:Sea scorpions (Eurypterida, Chelicerata) of the Lower Devonian (~400 Mya) lived as large, aquatic predators. The structure of modern chelicerate eyes is very different from that of mandibulate compound eyes [Mandibulata: Crustacea and Tracheata (Hexapoda, such as insects, and Myriapoda)]. Here we show that the visual system of Lower Devonian (~400 Mya) eurypterids closely matches that of xiphosurans (Xiphosura, Chelicerata). Modern representatives of this group, the horseshoe crabs (Limulidae), have cuticular lens cylinders and usually also an eccentric cell in their sensory apparatus. This strongly suggests that the xiphosuran/eurypterid compound eye is a plesiomorphic structure with respect to the Chelicerata, and probably ancestral to that of Euchelicerata, including Eurypterida, Arachnida and Xiphosura. This is supported by the fact that some Palaeozoic scorpions also possessed compound eyes similar to those of eurypterids. Accordingly, edge enhancement (lateral inhibition), organised by the eccentric cell, most useful in scattered light-conditions, may be a very old mechanism, while the single-lens system of arachnids is possibly an adaptation to a terrestrial life-style.
journal_name
Sci Repjournal_title
Scientific reportsauthors
Schoenemann B,Poschmann M,Clarkson ENKdoi
10.1038/s41598-019-53590-8subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-11-28 00:00:00pages
17797issue
1issn
2045-2322pii
10.1038/s41598-019-53590-8journal_volume
9pub_type
历史文章,杂志文章abstract::In this paper, three plastomes of Mankyua chejuense, Helminthostachys zeylanica, and Botrychium ternatum in Ophioglossaceae were completely sequenced in order to investigate the plastome evolution and phylogeny of eusporangiate ferns. They were similar to each other in terms of length and the gene orders; however, six...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-34825-6
更新日期:2018-11-07 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of insulin producing cells (IPCs) differentiated from adipose-tissue derived stem cells (ADSCs) isolated from human subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues and identify ADSCs suitable for differentiation into efficient and functional IPCs. Subcutaneous and...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-49701-0
更新日期:2019-09-13 00:00:00
abstract::A series of three remarkable complexes [PMo12O40]@[Cu6O(TZI)3(H2O)9]4·OH·31H2O (H3TZI = 5-tetrazolylisophthalic acid; denoted as HLJU-1, HLJU = Heilongjiang University), [SiMo12O40]@[Cu6O(TZI)3(H2O)9]4·32H2O (denoted as HLJU-2), and [PW12O40]@[Cu6O(TZI)3(H2O)6]4·OH·31H2O (denoted as HLJU-3) have been isolated by using...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep25595
更新日期:2016-05-09 00:00:00
abstract::Novel glasses in a Ga2S3-Sb2S3-AgI system were prepared with a melt-quenching method, and their glass-forming region was identified. The maximum dissolvable AgI in glasses was 65 mol%. The thermal, optical, and structural properties of glasses were investigated as a function of AgI and Ga2S3 contents. The Ga2S3-Sb2S3-...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-20144-3
更新日期:2018-01-26 00:00:00
abstract::Tunicates are marine invertebrates that compose the closest phylogenetic group to the vertebrates. These chordates present a particularly diverse range of regenerative abilities and life-history strategies. Consequently, tunicates provide an extraordinary perspective into the emergence and diversity of these traits. H...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-23749-w
更新日期:2018-04-03 00:00:00
abstract::Chicken anemia virus (CAV) is an important pathogen that causes severe immunosuppression in young chickens. We have characterized 13 CAVs isolated from different commercial farms in southern China between 2011 and 2012. We discovered 92 variable residues compared to 37 other CAV complete genome sequences from other pa...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep03519
更新日期:2013-12-17 00:00:00
abstract::Arterial stiffness index (ASI) is a non-invasive measure of arterial stiffness using infra-red finger sensors (photoplethysmography). It is a well-suited measure for large populations as it is relatively inexpensive to perform, and data can be acquired within seconds. These features raise interest in using ASI as a to...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-45703-0
更新日期:2019-06-24 00:00:00
abstract::The effect on post-operative outcomes after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery is not clear. Among 17,812 patients who underwent CABG during October 1,2006-September 28,2012 in any Department of US Veterans Affairs (VA) hospital, we identified 5,968 with available preoperative urine albumin-creatinine ratio (...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep16458
更新日期:2015-11-09 00:00:00
abstract::Rodent species like Myodes glareolus and Microtus spp. are natural reservoirs for many zoonotic pathogens causing human diseases and are gaining increasing interest in the field of eco-immunology as candidate animal models. Despite their importance the lack of immunological reagents has hampered research in these anim...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-21143-0
更新日期:2018-02-12 00:00:00
abstract::Schistosomes, unlike malaria parasites, are in their diploid stage when targeted by the human immune system. Diploids can be either homozygous or heterozygous. The difference has profound significance for developing immunity and yet has not previously been addressed. We examined the implications of zygosity on immunit...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep00346
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::High-density living is often associated with high disease risk due to density-dependent epidemic spread. Despite being paragons of high-density living, the social insects have largely decoupled the association with density-dependent epidemics. It is hypothesized that this is accomplished through prophylactic and induc...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep13393
更新日期:2015-08-24 00:00:00
abstract::Interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) and IRF7 are closely related IRF members and the major factors for the induction of interferons, a key component in vertebrate innate immunity. However, there is limited knowledge regarding the evolution and adaptation of those IRFs to the environments. Two unique motifs in IRF3 a...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-61365-9
更新日期:2020-03-11 00:00:00
abstract::The biochemical abnormalities and oxidative stress during pathogenesis of hepatic fibrosis could lead to alteration of trace elements. We studied the alteration of major trace elements during the pathogenesis of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA)-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats. The biochemical and pathological indices of...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-37516-4
更新日期:2019-01-24 00:00:00
abstract::Heterostructures consisting of two-dimensional materials have shown new physical phenomena, novel electronic and optical properties, and new device concepts not observed in bulk material systems or purely three dimensional heterostructures. These new effects originated mostly from the van der Waals interaction between...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep14374
更新日期:2015-09-23 00:00:00
abstract::Piwi-like proteins are essential for stem-cell maintenance and self-renewal in multicellular organisms. We analyzed the expression of Piwi-like 1 and Piwi-like 2 by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 95 muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) samples using tissue microarray. Application of an immunoreactive score (IRS) revea...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-35637-4
更新日期:2018-12-06 00:00:00
abstract::We theoretically investigate the problem of finding optimal characteristics of photon pairs, produced in the spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) process, for fiber-based quantum communication protocols. By using the accessible setup parameters, the pump pulse duration and the extended phase-matching function...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-77662-2
更新日期:2020-11-30 00:00:00
abstract::Clarifying the fundamental adsorption and diffusion process of CO2 on single crystal ZnO surfaces is critical in understanding CO2 activation and transformation over ZnO-based catalysts. By using ultrahigh vacuum-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (UHV-FTIRS), we observed the fine structures of CO2 vibrational ba...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep43442
更新日期:2017-03-06 00:00:00
abstract::For the past 30 years, oocytes from Xenopus laevis have been extensively used to express and characterise ion channels in an easily controlled environment. Here we report the first use of oocytes from the closely related species Xenopus borealis as an alternative expression system for neuronal ion channels. Using the ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep14763
更新日期:2015-10-06 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding the human cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) biology is crucial to develop novel strategies aiming at maximizing their lytic capacity against cancer cells. Here we introduce an agent-based model, calibrated on population-scale experimental data that allows quantifying human CTL per capita killing. Our model hi...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-48711-2
更新日期:2019-08-23 00:00:00
abstract::Carbon coated TiO2 (TiO2@C) is fabricated by a convenient and green one-pot solvothermal method, in which ethylene glycol serve as both the reaction medium and carbon source without the addition of any other carbon additives. During the solvothermal process, ethylene glycol polymerize and coordinate with Ti4+ to form ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep43895
更新日期:2017-03-03 00:00:00
abstract::Antimicrobial resistance seriously threatened human health. Combination therapy is generally an effective strategy to fight resistance, while some data on its effects are conflicting. To explore the reasons, the fractional inhibitory concentration indexes (FICIs) of three designed combinations against methicillin-resi...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-25714-z
更新日期:2018-05-08 00:00:00
abstract::Although gut microbiota and early life events are likely involved in the development of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), it remains unclear how these factors interact in the pathophysiology of IBS. In the present study, using rats subjected to maternal separation (MS) as a model of IBS, we investigated interrelationshi...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-30943-3
更新日期:2018-08-17 00:00:00
abstract::Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) has been known as a promising agent for cancer therapy due to its specific apoptosis-inducing effect on tumor cells rather than most normal cells. However, systemically delivered TRAIL suffers from a rapid clearance from the body with an extremely short h...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep41904
更新日期:2017-02-22 00:00:00
abstract::An important property of spin-torque nano-oscillators (STNOs) is their ability to produce a frequency modulated (FM) signal, which is very critical for communication applications. We here demonstrate a novel single sideband (SSB) modulation phenomenon using a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ)-based STNO, which saves tran...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-13551-5
更新日期:2017-10-18 00:00:00
abstract::The migration of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) to the white matter is an indispensable requirement for an intact brain function. The mechanism of cell migration in general is not yet completely understood. Nevertheless, evidence is accumulating that besides the coordinated rearrangement of the cytoskeleton, ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep01806
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study presents atomic scale characterization of grain boundary defect structure in a functional oxide with implications for a wide range of electrochemical and electronic behavior. Indeed, grain boundary engineering can alter transport and kinetic properties by several orders of magnitude. Here we report experime...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep02680
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adult tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are showing promise in clinical trials for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, the inability to manufacture large quantities of functional cells from a single donor as well as donor-dependent variability in quality limits their clinical utility. Human embr...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep17685
更新日期:2015-12-02 00:00:00
abstract::The innate immune system helps animals to navigate the microbial world. The response to microbes relies on the specific recognition of microbial-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) by immune receptors. Sponges (phylum Porifera), as early-diverging animals, provide insights into conserved mechanisms for animal-microb...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-34330-w
更新日期:2018-10-31 00:00:00
abstract::The use of microwave (MW) irradiation to increase the rate of chemical reactions has attracted much attention recently in nearly all fields of chemistry due to substantial enhancements in reaction rates. However, the intrinsic nature of the effects of MW irradiation on chemical reactions remains unclear. Herein, the h...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep25149
更新日期:2016-04-27 00:00:00
abstract::The same copper phosphate catalysts were synthesized by obtaining the methods involving solid state as well as liquid state reactions in this work. And then the optimised p-n hybrid junction photocatalysts have been synthesized following the same solid/liquid reaction pathways. The synthesized copper phosphate photoca...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-21239-7
更新日期:2018-02-13 00:00:00