The association between smoking and periapical periodontitis: a systematic review.

Abstract:

OBJECTIVES:The purpose of this systematic review was to examine if, in adult patients, the absence or presence of smoking influenced the prevalence of periapical periodontitis (PP). MATERIALS AND METHODS:Databases were searched, and original research manuscripts up to June 2019 were identified by two reviewers. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used for risk of bias. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system was used for certainty in the evidence. A meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5 software. Risk ratio (RR) was used for the cohort studies, and odds ratio (OR) was used for the case-control studies with 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS:All the studies had many covariates and confounding variables. Three longitudinal cohort articles discussed radiographic findings as they related to the prevalence of PP in root-filled teeth. The RR of smoking and the prevalence of PP was 2.11 (95% CI 0.88-5.05, p = 0.09). Nine case-control studies focused on the prevalence of PP and smoking. There was a positive association between smoking and the prevalence of PP with an OR of 2.78 and a 95% confidence interval of 2.23-3.48, with p value < 0.05. The quality of the studies was fair per NOS, and the certainty of the literature assessment was moderate per GRADE. CONCLUSIONS:The current best available evidence suggests that smoking was associated with the prevalence of PP but more studies are needed to report this association in the longitudinal cohort studies. CLINICAL RELEVANCE:Smoking has a positive association with the prevalence of PP.

journal_name

Clin Oral Investig

authors

Aminoshariae A,Kulild J,Gutmann J

doi

10.1007/s00784-019-03094-6

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-02-01 00:00:00

pages

533-545

issue

2

eissn

1432-6981

issn

1436-3771

pii

10.1007/s00784-019-03094-6

journal_volume

24

pub_type

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