Abstract：
:The 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines (TIQs) are compounds frequently described as alkaloids that can be found in the human body fluids and/or tissues including the brain. In most circumstances, TIQs may be originated as a consequence of reactions, known as Pictet-Spengler condensations, between biogenic amines and electrophilic carbonyl compounds, including ethanol's main metabolite, acetaldehyde. Several TIQs may also be synthesized enzymatically whilst others may be formed in the body as by-products of other compounds including TIQs themselves. The biological actions of TIQs appear critically dependent on their metabolism, and nowadays, among TIQs, 1-methyl-6,7-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (salsolinol), N-methyl-1-methyl-6,7-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (N-methyl-(R)-salsolinol), 1-[(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)methyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-6,7-diol (norlaudanosoline or tetrahydropapaveroline or THP) and 1-benzyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (1BnTIQ) are considered as those endowed with the most potent neurotoxic actions. However, it remains to be established whether a continuous exposure to TIQs or to their metabolites might carry toxicological consequences in the short- or long-term period. Remarkably, recent findings suggest that some TIQs such as (1-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-6,7-diol) (higenamine) and 1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (1-MeTIQ) as well as N-methyl-tetrahydroisoquinoline (N-methyl-TIQ) exert unique neuroprotective and neurorestorative actions. The present review article provides an overview on these aspects of TIQs and summarizes those that presently appear the most significant highlights on this puzzling topic.
journal_name
Neurotox Resjournal_title
Neurotoxicity researchauthors
Peana AT,Bassareo V,Acquas Edoi
10.1007/s12640-019-00051-9subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-11-01 00:00:00pages
653-668issue
4eissn
1029-8428issn
1476-3524pii
10.1007/s12640-019-00051-9journal_volume
36pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Reinforcing effects of addictive drugs can be evaluated with the conditioned place preference (CPP) test which involves both the action of drugs and environmental cues. However, the encoded neural circuits and underlying signaling mechanism are not fully understood. In this study, we have used morphine-CPP model in th...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12640-011-9250-2
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) activation is considered as a major regulator of cell death in various pathophysiological conditions, however, no direct information is available about its role in chronic hypoperfusion-induced neuronal death. Here, we provide evidence for the protective effect of PARP inhibition on ...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12640-009-9049-6
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The hippocampus plays an important role in memory, mood, and spatial navigation. In the dentate gyrus of the adult hippocampus, in the subgranular zone (SGZ), new cells are generated, which differentiate and mature into new neurons. Cisplatin, a highly effective antineoplastic drug with nephrotoxic and ototoxic side e...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12640-014-9503-y
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In preterm infants, phenobarbital is the first-line antiepileptic drug for neonatal seizures while caffeine is used for the treatment of apnea. Data from experimental animals suggest that phenobarbital and other anticonvulsants are toxic for the developing brain, while neuroprotective effects have been reported for ca...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12640-018-9872-8
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurological symptoms and cerebral abnormalities are commonly observed in patients with 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase (HMG lyase) deficiency, which is biochemically characterized by predominant tissue accumulation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric (HMG), 3-methylglutaric (MGA), and 3-methylglutaconic (MGT) acids. S...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12640-015-9542-z
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Functional role(s) for the common neurotrophin receptor p75NTR in nerve growth factor (NGF) signaling have yet to be fully elucidated. Many studies have demonstrated that p75NTR can enhance nerve growth factor-induced survival mediated via the trkA receptor. In addition, newly identified pathways for p75NTR signaling ...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF03033205
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neural stem cell (NSC) neurogenesis is the formation of new neurons by which the brain maintains its lifelong plasticity in response to extrinsic and intrinsic changes. Here, we show the effect of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) as an in vitro model of inflammation on NSCs to determine whether the inflammatory mediators can...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12640-012-9346-3
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction contributes to the neurotoxicity of 1-methy-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP(+)). Increasing studies have shown that hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) is an endogenous antioxidant gas. We have hypothesized that MPP(+)-caused neurotoxicity may involve the imbalance of proportion to this e...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12640-010-9180-4
更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Predominant accumulation of ethylmalonic acid (EMA) in tissues and biological fluids is a characteristic of patients affected by short chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency and ethylmalonic encephalopathy. Neurological abnormalities are frequently found in these disorders, but the mechanisms underlying the brain inj...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12640-014-9460-5
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alzheimer's disease is an age-related neurodegenerative disease, associated with the presence of extracellular amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Although the pathogenesis of AD remains unclear, the characteristic feature of AD was reported to be the buildup of Aβ plaques. In this study, we extensivel...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12640-020-00321-x
更新日期：2021-01-05 00:00:00
abstract：:The level of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter essential for processing memory and learning, is lower in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease due to the higher concentration of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. The main compounds used for Alzheimer's treatment are acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. Quercetin c...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12640-019-00142-7
更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Edaravone is a novel free radical scavenger that is clinically employed in patients with acute cerebral infarction, but has not previously been used to treat traumatic brain injury (TBI). In this study, we investigated the effect of edaravone administration on rat TBI. In particular, we used immunohistochemistry to mo...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12640-009-9081-6
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic alcohol consumption may cause neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. Alcohol neurotoxicity is associated with the production of acetaldehyde and reactive oxygen species that induce oxidative DNA damage. However, the molecular mechanisms by which ethanol disturbs the DNA damage response (DDR), resu...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12640-015-9554-8
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The original version of this article contained mistakes, and the authors would like to correct them. Some parts of the image in Figure 5 were missing. The correct Figure 5 is shown at the next page. ...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 已发布勘误
doi：10.1007/s12640-018-9982-3
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Curcumin, a natural polyphenolic compound, has long been known as an anti-tumour and anti-inflammatory compound; although, the common mechanism through which it exhibits such properties are remains unclear. Recently, we reported that the curcumin-induced apoptosis is mediated through the impairment of ubiquitin protea...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF03033305
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder imposing great threat to an individual's cognitive capability. Mounting evidence suggests that type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and AD is closely associated with impaired insulin signalling and glucose metabolism in the brain. Member of the peroxisome proliferato...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12640-020-00258-1
更新日期：2020-07-18 00:00:00
abstract：:Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most familiar, progressive and movement-related neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer disease. This study aimed to decipher the role of autophagy in cypermethrin-induced Parkinsonism, an animal model of PD. Indicators of autophagy [expression of beclin 1, autophagy-related p...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12640-017-9800-3
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies using monotypic nerve cell cultures have shown that bilirubin-induced neurological dysfunction (BIND) involves apoptosis and necrosis-like cell death, following neuritic atrophy and astrocyte activation,and that glycoursodeoxycholic acid (GUDCA) has therapeutic efficacy against BIND. Cross-talk betwee...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12640-013-9427-y
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inflammation can cause memory impairment. In the present study, the effect of carvacrol on brain tissue inflammation and oxidative stress as well as learning and memory in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged rats was evaluated. The animals were grouped and treated: (1) control which received vehicle instead of LPS and...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12640-019-00144-5
更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This commentary serves as an introduction to the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique called diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) employed in the study by Arab et al. in the present issue of Neurotoxicology Research. In their study, DKI is employed for longitudinal investigation of a methamphetamine intoxication mod...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12640-019-00100-3
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease resulting from the progressive loss of motor neurons in the spinal cord and brain. To date, clinically effective neuroprotective agents have not been available. The current study demonstrates for the first time that huperzine A, a potential neuroprotec...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF03033367
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pterostilbene (PTE), a natural analog of resveratrol, is available both as a diet ingredient and a dietary supplement. The present study was undertaken to assess the effect of PTE on the activity of antiepileptic drugs in the acute seizure tests in mice, i.e., the intravenous pentetrazole (iv PTZ) seizure threshold, m...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12640-019-00021-1
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aluminum (Al), a known neurotoxin, has been implicated in Alzheimer's Disease (AD), Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Parkinsonism Dementia Complex, etc., and it causes extensive damage to the nervous system, including the impairment of learning and memory. However, to date, the mechanism of Al neurotoxicity has no...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF03033913
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1-Methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (1MeTIQ) is present in the human and rodent brain as a mixture of stereospecific (R)- and (S)-1MeTIQ enantiomers. The racemate, (R,S)-1MeTIQ, exhibits neuroprotective activity as shown in the earlier study by the authors, and In addition, it was suggested to play a crucial physi...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12640-010-9228-5
更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Few studies have been undertaken on the relationship of the structure of flavones and neuroprotection. Previously, we described the structural determinants of the neuroprotective activity of some natural flavones in cerebellar granule neurons in culture against an oxidative insult (H2O2). In the present work, we analy...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12640-014-9483-y
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Organophosphates (OPs) inhibit cholinesterase and hyperactivate the acetylcholinergic nervous system in the brain, causing motor disorders (e.g., tremor and seizures). Here, we performed behavioral and immunohistochemical studies in mice and rats to investigate the tremorgenic mechanism of paraoxon, an active metaboli...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12640-019-0007-7
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The deaths of neurons, astrocytes and endothelial cells have been described in patients with HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) dementia. HIV-1 does not infect neurons; instead, neurotoxic substances shed by infected glia and macrophages can induce a form of programmed cell death called apoptosis in neurons. These neu...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF03033824
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Parkinson's disease (PD) represents one of the neurodegenerative disorders which are caused by degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the nigrostriatal pathway. Different toxins, e.g., 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), are used to model PD in animals. 6-OHDA is a neurotoxin which damages catecholaminergic neurons via produ...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12640-017-9824-8
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cognitive impairment in depression may be one of the more practically important aspects of the illness, responsible for much of its morbidity. It also is at the heart of its psychopathology, may contribute to strategies of treatment, and may give us a more easily quantifiable measure of impaired function to correlate ...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF03033237
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The main pathochemical hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD) is the loss of dopamine in the striatum of the brain, and the oral administration of levodopa (L-dopa) is a treatment that partially restores the dopaminergic transmission. In vitro assays have demonstrated both toxic and protective effects of L-dopa on dopam...
journal_title：Neurotoxicity research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12640-014-9495-7
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
