Abstract:
:Aluminum (Al), a known neurotoxin, has been implicated in Alzheimer's Disease (AD), Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Parkinsonism Dementia Complex, etc., and it causes extensive damage to the nervous system, including the impairment of learning and memory. However, to date, the mechanism of Al neurotoxicity has not been fully elucidated. Neuronal apoptosis has become a focus of interest, as it has been reported to play a key role in the impairment of learning and memory processes (Thompson, Science 267:1456, 1995). The Bcl-2 gene acts as an important effector for inhibiting apoptosis. In the present study we observe neuronal apoptosis in association with learning and memory impairment, as well as regional brain alterations in Bcl-2 expression in rats chronically exposed to Al. The chronic Al-intoxicated model was established by i.p. injection of AlCl3 in adult Sprague Dawley rats for 3 successive days, with one-day intervals, for 60 days. After exposure, the step-down test was performed to examine the behavioral reaction of the rats. Neuronal apoptosis and Bcl-2 protein expression in different regions of rat brain were then assessed by an immunohistochemical method. In the step-down test, the latency of Al-exposed rats was significantly lower than that of controls. Also, the number of performance errors in 5 minutes of exposure was significantly higher than that of controls. Neuronal apoptosis was extensive in the brain of Al-exposed groups, and the expressions of Bcl-2 protein in frontal cortex, cerebellum and hippocampus of Al-exposed rats was stronger. In conclusion, chronic Al-exposure in rats is associated with neuronal apoptosis in brain, and impaired learning and memory. Augmented Bcl-2 protein expression may be a stimulated compensatory mechanism.
journal_name
Neurotox Resjournal_title
Neurotoxicity researchauthors
Niu Q,Yang Y,Zhang Q,Niu P,He S,Di Gioacchino M,Conti P,Boscolo Pdoi
10.1007/BF03033913subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-10-01 00:00:00pages
163-9issue
3eissn
1029-8428issn
1476-3524journal_volume
12pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Mitochondria are the major site of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production in mammalian cells. Moreover, mitochondria produce most of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) in nucleated cells. Redox and bioenergetic abnormalities have been seen in mitochondria during the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases....
journal_title:Neurotoxicity research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12640-019-00044-8
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Few studies have been undertaken on the relationship of the structure of flavones and neuroprotection. Previously, we described the structural determinants of the neuroprotective activity of some natural flavones in cerebellar granule neurons in culture against an oxidative insult (H2O2). In the present work, we analy...
journal_title:Neurotoxicity research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12640-014-9483-y
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Impulse control disorders (ICDs) comprise a wide spectrum of abnormal behaviors frequently found in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) receiving antiparkinsonian treatment. Some ICDs share several essential features with substance use disorders. In this work, we have studied the addiction-related gene ankyrin repe...
journal_title:Neurotoxicity research
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1007/s12640-014-9504-x
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aluminum-induced neuronal injury has been implicated in various neurodegenerative disorders. However, the underlying mechanism involved in this pathogenesis still remains unknown. Our present findings demonstrated that chronic aluminum exposure resulted in spatial learning impairment and significantly increased intrac...
journal_title:Neurotoxicity research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12640-013-9451-y
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microglial activation and subsequent release of toxic pro-inflammatory factors are believed to play an important role in neuronal cell death associated with Parkinson's disease (PD). Compounds that inhibit microglia activation and suppress pro-inflammatory factor release have been reported to have neuroprotective effe...
journal_title:Neurotoxicity research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12640-012-9328-5
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Benzophenone-3 (BP-3), the most widely used UV chemical filter, is absorbed well through the skin and gastrointestinal tract and can affect some body functions, including the survival of nerve cells. Previously, we showed that BP-3 evoked a neurotoxic effect in male rats, but since the effects of this compound are kno...
journal_title:Neurotoxicity research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12640-020-00163-7
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Non-motor symptoms are increasingly identified to present clinical and diagnostic importance for Parkinson's disease (PD). The multifactorial origin of pain in PD makes this symptom of great complexity. The dopamine precursor, L-DOPA (L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine), the classic therapy for PD, seems to be effective in ...
journal_title:Neurotoxicity research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12640-018-9896-0
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Curcumin, a natural polyphenolic compound, has long been known as an anti-tumour and anti-inflammatory compound; although, the common mechanism through which it exhibits such properties are remains unclear. Recently, we reported that the curcumin-induced apoptosis is mediated through the impairment of ubiquitin protea...
journal_title:Neurotoxicity research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF03033305
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cellular oxidative stress and energy failure were shown to be involved in Glutamate (L-Glu) neurotoxicity, whereas, acetyl-L-carnitine (ALCAR) and ±DL-α-lipoic acid (LA) are known to be key players in the mitochondrial energy production. To evaluate the effects of the above antioxidants, adult rats were pretreated wit...
journal_title:Neurotoxicity research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12640-010-9165-3
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a disorder characterized by persistent and relapsing fatigue along with long-lasting and debilitating fatigue, myalgia, cognitive impairment, and many other common symptoms. The present study was conducted to explore the protective effect of hemin on CFS in experimental mice. Male alb...
journal_title:Neurotoxicity research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12640-020-00231-y
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The deaths of neurons, astrocytes and endothelial cells have been described in patients with HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) dementia. HIV-1 does not infect neurons; instead, neurotoxic substances shed by infected glia and macrophages can induce a form of programmed cell death called apoptosis in neurons. These neu...
journal_title:Neurotoxicity research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF03033824
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder imposing great threat to an individual's cognitive capability. Mounting evidence suggests that type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and AD is closely associated with impaired insulin signalling and glucose metabolism in the brain. Member of the peroxisome proliferato...
journal_title:Neurotoxicity research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12640-020-00258-1
更新日期:2020-07-18 00:00:00
abstract::Integrin β8 is a key regulator of vascular homeostasis in brain development and in vitro studies show that β8 protects against oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced neuronal apoptosis. However, the role β8 plays in vivo in neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury is not known. Here, we report the function of...
journal_title:Neurotoxicity research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12640-012-9312-0
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cocaine was previously shown to act at the Sigma1R which is a target for counteracting cocaine actions. It therefore becomes of interest to test if the monoamine stabilizer (-) OSU-6162 (OSU-6162) with a nanomolar affinity for the Sigma1R can acutely modulate in low doses the effects of cocaine self-administration. In...
journal_title:Neurotoxicity research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12640-019-00134-7
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic alcohol consumption may cause neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. Alcohol neurotoxicity is associated with the production of acetaldehyde and reactive oxygen species that induce oxidative DNA damage. However, the molecular mechanisms by which ethanol disturbs the DNA damage response (DDR), resu...
journal_title:Neurotoxicity research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12640-015-9554-8
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The author group has previously established an in vivo subchronic cigarette smoke (CS) exposure rat model, in which the systemic oxidative burden as well as the modulation of local anti-oxidative enzymes in the lung has been demonstrated. Oxidative stress has been shown to induce pro-inflammatory cytokine release, inc...
journal_title:Neurotoxicity research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12640-011-9301-8
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In humans, Down syndrome (DS) is caused by the presence of an extra copy of autosome 21. The most striking finding in DS patients is intellectual disability and the onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD)-like neuropathology in adulthood. Gene overdose is most likely to underlie both developmental impairments, as well as al...
journal_title:Neurotoxicity research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12640-016-9613-9
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The original version of this article contained mistakes, and the authors would like to correct them. Some parts of the image in Figure 5 were missing. The correct Figure 5 is shown at the next page. ...
journal_title:Neurotoxicity research
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.1007/s12640-018-9982-3
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cellular mechanisms involved in neurodegeneration and neuroprotection are continuing to be explored, and this paper focuses on some novel discoveries that give further insight into these processes. Oligodendrocytes and activated astroglia are likely generators of the pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as the tumor necro...
journal_title:Neurotoxicity research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF03033166
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the slowly progressive neurodegenerative disorders like Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease very different neuronal populations undergo degenerative processes, although the cascades of cellular events leading to death are supposed to be similar. We suggest that the complex pattern of degeneration in Parkins...
journal_title:Neurotoxicity research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF03033793
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hyperfunction of brain dopamine (DA) systems is associated with psychosis in schizophrenia and the medications used to treat schizophrenia are DA receptor blockers. DA also plays a critical role in incentive learning produced by rewarding stimuli. Using DA as the link, these results suggest that psychosis in schizophr...
journal_title:Neurotoxicity research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF03033357
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurotransmitters and neuromodulators are essential for normal nervous system development. Disturbances in the expression timetable or intensity of neurotransmitter signalling during critical periods of brain development can lead to permanent damage. Neuroactive drugs and environmental toxins interfere with neurotrans...
journal_title:Neurotoxicity research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF03033568
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Huntington's disease (HD) is a fatal autosomal dominantly inherited brain disease caused by excessively expanded CAG repeats in gene which encodes huntingtin protein. These abnormally encoded huntingtin proteins and their truncated fragments result in disruption of cellular quality mechanism ultimately triggering neur...
journal_title:Neurotoxicity research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s12640-019-00087-x
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neural stem cell (NSC) neurogenesis is the formation of new neurons by which the brain maintains its lifelong plasticity in response to extrinsic and intrinsic changes. Here, we show the effect of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) as an in vitro model of inflammation on NSCs to determine whether the inflammatory mediators can...
journal_title:Neurotoxicity research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12640-012-9346-3
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Asiatic acid (AA), a triterpenoid present in Centella asiatica, possesses the ability to cross blood brain barrier and received considerable attention for its neuroprotective role. We have reported the benefit of AA against aluminum chloride (AlCl3)-induced amyloid pathology, enhanced acetylcholine esterase (AChE) act...
journal_title:Neurotoxicity research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12640-019-9999-2
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Levetiracetam (LVT) is a relatively novel antiepileptic drug (AED) known to act through binding with the synaptic vesicular 2A (SV2A) protein, thus modulating the presynaptic neurotransmitter release. The tryptophan metabolite quinolinic acid (QUIN) acts as an excitotoxin when its brain concentrations reach toxic leve...
journal_title:Neurotoxicity research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12640-017-9836-4
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ethanol is a neuroteratogen and neurodegeneration is the most devastating consequence of developmental exposure to ethanol. A sublethal preconditioning has been proposed as a neuroprotective strategy against several central nervous system neurodegenerative diseases. We have recently demonstrated that autophagy is a pr...
journal_title:Neurotoxicity research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12640-013-9390-7
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is a long-standing debate about whether rats have what could be considered a prefrontal cortex (PFC) and, if they do, what its primate homologue is. Anatomical evidence supports the view that the rat medial PFC is related to both the primate anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and the dorsolateral PFC. Functionally ...
journal_title:Neurotoxicity research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF03033814
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The study shows effects of the nonselective adenosine A1/A2A receptor antagonist caffeine and the selective A2A receptor antagonist KW6002 on LPS-induced changes in the extracellular levels of dopamine (DA), glutamate, adenosine, hydroxyl radical, and A2A receptor density in the rat striatum. Intrastriatal LPS (10 μg)...
journal_title:Neurotoxicity research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s12640-012-9372-1
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cultured rat fibroblasts, monkey kidney tumor cells (line Vero) and murine neuroblastoma cells were exposed to dopamine or dopaminochrome in the presence and absence of ascorbic acid. Ascorbic acid is able to potentiate the toxicity of both dopamine and dopaminochrome for all the tested cells. The toxicity of dopamino...
journal_title:Neurotoxicity research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF03033278
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00